The relationship between processing and storage of visuospatial working memory during the image integrating process

Individuals with agoraphobia exhibit impaired exploratory activity when navigating unfamiliar environments. However, no studies have investigated the contribution of visuospatial working memory (VSWM) in these individuals’ ability to acquire and process spatial information while considering the use of egocentric and allocentric coordinates or environments with or without people. A total of 106 individuals (53 with agoraphobia and 53 controls) navigated in a virtual square to acquire spatial information that included the recognition of landmarks and the relationship between landmarks and themselves (egocentric coordinates) and independent of themselves (allocentric coordinates). Half of the participants in both groups navigated in a square without people, and half navigated in a crowded square. They completed a VSWM test in addition to tasks measuring landmark recognition and egocentric and allocentric judgements concerning the explored square. The results showed that individuals with agoraphobia had reduced working memory only when active processing of spatial elements was required, suggesting that they exhibit spatial difficulties particularly in complex spatial tasks requiring them to process information simultaneously. Specifically, VSWM deficits mediated the relationship between agoraphobia and performance in the allocentric judgements. The results are discussed considering the theoretical background of agoraphobia in order to provide useful elements for the early diagnosis of this disorder.

Download Full-text

Shared Neural Circuits for Visuospatial Working Memory and Arithmetic in Children and Adults

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/jocn_a_01695 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Anna A. Matejko ◽

Daniel Ansari

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Brain Activity ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Neural Substrates ◽

Visuospatial Working Memory ◽

Age Related ◽

Arithmetic Networks ◽

The Right ◽

The Relationship ◽

Superior Frontal Sulcus

Abstract Visuospatial working memory (VSWM) plays an important role in arithmetic problem solving, and the relationship between these two skills is thought to change over development. Even though neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that VSWM and arithmetic both recruit frontoparietal networks, inferences about common neural substrates have largely been made by comparisons across studies. Little work has examined how brain activation for VSWM and arithmetic converge within the same participants and whether there are age-related changes in the overlap of these neural networks. In this study, we examined how brain activity for VSWM and arithmetic overlap in 38 children and 26 adults. Although both children and adults recruited the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) for VSWM and arithmetic, children showed more focal activation within the right IPS, whereas adults recruited the bilateral IPS, superior frontal sulcus/middle frontal gyrus, and right insula. A comparison of the two groups revealed that adults recruited a more left-lateralized network of frontoparietal regions for VSWM and arithmetic compared with children. Together, these findings suggest possible neurocognitive mechanisms underlying the strong relationship between VSWM and arithmetic and provide evidence that the association between VSWM and arithmetic networks changes with age.

Download Full-text

Systems, data and the actuary

Journal of the Institute of Actuaries ◽

10.1017/s0020268100019442 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 118 (2) ◽

pp. 275-293

Author(s):

J. Roberts ◽

N. J. Greenwood ◽

J. D. Harsant ◽

M. G. Sturmey

Keyword(s):

Financial Reporting ◽

Computer Literacy ◽

Computer Modelling ◽

Working Party ◽

Storage Medium ◽

Open Forum ◽

Processing And Storage ◽

The Relationship ◽

And Storage ◽

Adequate Data

ABSTRACTThe paper was prepared by an informal working party as an introduction to an open forum discussion. It considers from several viewpoints the relationship between the actuary and the computer, both in its function as a calculating tool and as a data processing and storage medium. The paper considers in detail the requirements of the Appointed Actuary for adequate data, the problems of allocating and pricing for computer costs and the increasing uses of computer modelling in financial reporting. The place of computer literacy in actuarial education, future developments and standards are also considered.

Download Full-text

Visuospatial Working Memory Mediates the Relationship Between Executive Functioning and Spatial Ability

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02302 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lu Wang ◽

Jocelyn Bolin ◽

Zhenqiu Lu ◽

Martha Carr

Keyword(s):

Working Memory ◽

Executive Functioning ◽

Spatial Ability ◽

Visuospatial Working Memory ◽

The Relationship

Download Full-text

Survey of Cyclohexylamine Content of Food Products Containing Cyclamates

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/53.6.1120 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 53 (6) ◽

pp. 1120-1128

Author(s):

T Fazio ◽

J W Howard ◽

E O Haenni

Keyword(s):

Weight Control ◽

Food Product ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Major Type ◽

Processing And Storage ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

And Storage ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Content Range

Abstract A national survey was conducted to ascertain the relationship of the cyclohexylamine content of cyclamate-containing products to their composition, processing, and storage conditions. Cyclohexylamine was found in 174 of the 232 samples examined. The cyclohexylamine content range for each major type of food product was as follows: 0.0–8.2 ppm for carbonated beverages; 0.0–5.8 ppm for dry beverage bases; 0.0–1.5 ppm for fruit juices; 0.0–0.8 ppm for weight control foods; and 0.3–66 ppm for food sweetener preparations (liquid and dry base). No correlation between the cyclamate content of products and the cyclohexylamine present was evident. However, the findings indicate that significant hydrolysis of cyclamate can occur.

Download Full-text