scholarly journals HISTORICAL SEISMIC STATIONS IN USSR AND REGISTRATION UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
K. S. Nepeina ◽  
V. A. An
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Test Site ◽  
The United States ◽  
Time Service ◽  
Seismic Stations ◽  
Underground Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

During the Cold War of the 20th century and the classification of information between the largest nuclear states the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States of America (USA), data on the registration of nuclear explosions were not published in the reports of the Unitied Seismic Observation Service. However, underground nuclear explosions were recorded. For example, underground nuclear explosions, produced by the United States on Amchitka island, were recorded by more than 30 stations of the USSR at epicentral distances Δ ~ 8–160°. Tests at the Nevada Test Site were found especially well throughout the USSR seismic stations. As a result of processing the bulletins of registered events, checking the values with the time service, the registration parameters for the Soviet stations were destroyed. However, thanks to an employee of the laboratory 5-s of the Institute of Physics of the Earth named after O.Yu. Schmidt of the USSR Academy of Sciences Kh.D. Rubinstein is kept at the Institute for the Dynamics of Geospheres of the Russian Academy of Sciences named after Academician M.A. Sadovsky. Only after 1985 messages from some seismic stations of the former USSR began to be published in the operational reports of the Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences. This material is intended to publish that layer of invaluable information on the registration of underground nuclear explosions, made by the United States, which has been so carefully created for decades, and has not been published anywhere at the moment.

The stability of rms Lg measurements and their potential for accurate estimation of the yields of Soviet underground nuclear explosions

1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (6B) ◽  
pp. 2106-2126
Author(s):  
Roger A. Hansen ◽  
Frode Ringdal ◽  
Paul G. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Test Site ◽  
P Wave ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Seismic Stations ◽  
Array Data ◽  
Underground Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Single Station

Abstract Data on underground nuclear explosions have recently become available from modern digital seismic stations installed within the Soviet Union and China. Observations of root mean square (rms) Lg-wave signals for Soviet underground nuclear explosions at the Shagan River Test Site in East Kazakhstan show that the relative amplitudes of the rms signals at stations in Norway, the USSR, and China are very similar for different explosions, the standard deviation of the differences being only about 0.03 in logarithmic units (i.e., magnitude units). This is consistent with earlier observations comparing NORSAR and Graefenberg array data, and the observed scatter is significantly lower than has been reported for Lg data from Nevada Test Site explosions. In view of the excellent correspondence found by Nuttli (1986) and Patton (1988) for Lg versus yield at Nevada, this indicates that rms Lg has a potential for yield estimation with very high accuracy at Shagan River. Our study has shown that: (a) selected stations in the USSR and China, situated at regional distances, provide a much improved signal-to-noise ratio of the Lg phase for events at Shagan River, as compared to NORSAR array data; (b) the scaling of rms Lg amplitudes between different-sized events recorded at the same single station site appears to be consistent with that of NORSAR, indicating a remarkable degree of precision in single station measurements of Lg signal; (c) rms Lg amplitude measurements for the best of these stations may be made at 1.5 to 2.0 magnitude units lower than at NORSAR or Graefenberg, allowing a much lower threshold for Lg-based yield determination; and (d) the P-wave detection capabilities of these single stations do not match those of the NORESS and ARCESS arrays; thus, teleseismic signals continue to be important for detection of small nuclear explosions. Our conclusion is that Lg signals appear to provide an excellent basis for supplying estimates of the yields of nuclear explosions even down to below 1 kt when such signals are recorded at high-quality, digital in-country seismic stations, and when calibrated by access to independent (nonseismic) yield information for a few nuclear explosions at the test sites of interest. In the context of monitoring a low-yield threshold test ban treaty, it will, in addition, be important to take into consideration various environmental conditions in the testing area, such as the possible presence of cavities, and to devise appropriate procedures for on-site observations in this regard.

VELA UNIFORM, THE NATION’S QUEST FOR BETTER DETECTION OF UNDERGROUND NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS

Geophysics ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles C. Bates
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Control System ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The United States ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Development Effort ◽  
Underground Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Nuclear Weapons Testing ◽  
The United Kingdom

Negotiations between the United States, the United Kingdom, and the USSR have been underway since October 31, 1958, a period of over two years, in an effort to reach agreement on a treaty for cessation of nuclear weapons’ testing. It is United States policy to enter into such a treaty only if there is an effective control system policing such a ban. This paper provides a résumé of key technical events that have occurred with reference to the creation of such a control system, capable of detecting and identifying underground nuclear explosions. The paper also describes the VELA UNIFORM program, a widespread research and development effort under the over‐all management of the Advanced Research Projects Agency, that is designed to improve markedly the state of the art in this particular technical field over the next two to three years.

Differentiation of earthquakes and underground nuclear explosions on the basis of amplitude characteristics

1963 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 979-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Willis ◽  
John DeNoyer ◽  
James T. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Particle Velocity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Shear Surface ◽  
Diagnostic Aid ◽  
Compressional Waves ◽  
Underground Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Nuclear Explosions ◽  
Amplitude Characteristics

Abstract The particle velocity ratios of the maximum shear-surface waves to maximum compressional waves were determined for a large number of earthquakes recorded over a wide geographic range. These results are compared with similar types of data for underground nuclear detonations recorded in the United States. It was found that this technique could be used as a diagnostic aid in distinguishing between these two types of sources at distances less than 1000 km.

scholarly journals “‘The Left Turn’ in Mexico is a new phenomenon”

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
A. N. Borovkov
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Central America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Left Turn ◽  
Russian Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Russian Researcher

Interview with Anatoliy Nikitovich Borovkov, Doctor of Political Science, Leading Researcher of the Institute of Latin America of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Editor-in-Chief of the Iberoamérica journal. From 1969 to the present date, Dr. Borovkov works at the Institute of Latin America of the Russian Academy of Sciences. He is the author of more than 100 research publications. From 1984 to 1994, he was a representative of the Institute of Latin America and a regional correspondent for the Latin America magazine in Mexico and Central America. Dr. Borovkov is a prominent Russian researcher specializing on Mexico; his research interests include analysis of political parties, electoral legislation processes in Mexico, the socio-economic situation in this country and its relations with the United States.The interview was conducted by: A.A. Habarta. 

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