scholarly journals Structural Analysis and Distribution Patterns in Lowland Tropical Forest, Eastern Amazon

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 240
Author(s):  
João Da Luz Freitas ◽  
Erick Silva Dos Santos ◽  
César Henrique Alves Borges ◽  
Francisco De Oliveira Cruz Junior ◽  
Adriano Castelo dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Control ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
Lowland Tropical Forest

Floristic surveys allow us to make a momentary assessment of the structure and degree of conservation of the vegetation, supporting future actions for the sustainable use of forest resources. The aim of this work was to study the floristic and structural composition of fragments of floodplain forest in the Cajari River Extractive Reserve, Amapá state, Brazil. Systematic sampling was applied with the allocation of 27 plots of dimensions 10 m x 100 m each, with inclusion level of individuals greater than or equal to 10 cm in diameter at chest height. The floristic diversity of species was determined by the Shannon Diversity Indexes and Pielou Equability. The characterization of the horizontal structure was determined by the parameters: density, frequency and relative and absolute dominance, values of ecological importance and the diametrical distribution. The families Fabaceae and Euphorbiaceae were the ones that obtained the highest richness of species and number of individuals. The species Virola surinamensis Warb., Hevea brasiliensis (HBK) Muell. Arg., Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze and Mora paraensis (Ducke) Ducke, were the most abundant. The várzea forest fragments presented high diversity and high ecological dominance of species. The J-inverted diametric distribution, characteristic of natural forests, indicates that it is a mature forest component with an expressive group of dominating (hyperdominant) species, such as the species V. surinamensis and M. paraensis. Most species presented aggregate distribution. It is hoped that these results may serve the environmental control and control bodies as strategies for the use of forest resources and in the design of the management plan of Resex.

scholarly journals Análise fitossociológica de fragmentos florestais da reserva extrativista do Rio Cajari, norte da Amazônia (Phytosociological analysis of forest fragments of the cajari river extractive reserve, northern amazon)

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1875
Author(s):  
João Da Luz Freitas ◽  
Raullyan Borja Lima e Silva ◽  
Adriano Castelo dos Santos ◽  
Francisco de Oliveira Cruz Júnior ◽  
Erick Silva dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Species Trees ◽  
Terra Firme ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
Natural Tendency ◽  
Species Being

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a composição florística, diversidade, distribuição diamétrica e estrutura horizontal de fragmentos florestais de terra firme e várzea no trecho médio da Reserva Extrativista do Rio Cajari, município de Mazagão, estado do Amapá. As florestas apresentaram relevante riqueza e diversidade florística. Registraram-se 1068 indivíduos com DAP ≥ 9,5 cm, distribuídos em 29 famílias, 68 gêneros e 84 espécies. A distribuição diamétrica das árvores apresentou-se em forma de “J” invertido, conforme tendência natural das florestas heterogêneas. As famílias Fabaceae, Lecythidaceae, Malvaceae, Chrysobalanaceae e Lauraceae foram as mais representativas em número de espécies, sendo que as espécies com maior valor de importância foram Swartzia polyphylla, Caryocar glabrum, Hevea brasiliensis, Vatairea guianensis e Virola surinamensis. A ampliação dos estudos na Resex é necessária tanto para o auxílio na criação de seu plano de manejo quanto para a subsistência das populações que vivem dentro e no seu entorno. A B S T R A C T The objective of this study was to analyze the floristic composition, diversity, diametric distribution and horizontal structure of forest fragments of firm ground and lowland in the middle section of the Extractivist Reserve of the Cajari River, municipality of Mazagão, state of Amapá. The forests presented significant richness and floristic diversity. There were 1068 individuals with DBH ≥ 9.5 cm, distributed in 29 families, 68 genera and 84 species. The diametrical distribution of the trees was inverted "J", according to the natural tendency of the heterogeneous forests. The families Fabaceae, Lecythidaceae, Malvaceae, Chrysobalanaceae and Lauraceae were the most representative in number of species, being that the species with greater value of importance were Swartzia polyphylla, Caryocar glabrum, Hevea brasiliensis, Vatairea guianensis and Virola surinamensis. The expansion of the studies in Resex is necessary both for the aid in the creation of its management plan and for the subsistence of the populations that live inside and in its surroundings. Keywords: floristic composition, floristic diversity, species trees, horizontal structure.

scholarly journals Strategic Environmental Planning for Deep Seabed Mining in the Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Parra O. ◽  
Marcos Quispe P. ◽  
Evelyn Paucara V. ◽  
Oscar Miranda Z. ◽  
Flor de María Gutierrez S.
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Planning ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Effect Assessment ◽  
International Seabed Authority ◽  
Deep Seabed Mining ◽  
Seabed Mining

Discussions approximately an environmental control method for deep seabed mining in the Area had been underway for some the years. Both states and scientists have known for such an environmental control method. In 2018, the International Seabed Authority has followed its first 5-year strategic plan, masking all elements of its mandate. This article examines the brand-new strategic plan integrates factors of an environmental control method and what is probably missing. It demonstrates that even as a few overlaps exist, there are numerous key gaps left via way of means of the modern strategic plan which will be stuffed via the way of means of an environmental control method. To operationalize those desires and objectives, development ought to be measurable; thus, objectives are set, reviews are assessed, and suitable responses are awarded. Many control equipment and toots are relevant for accomplishing environmental desires. To date, the ISA has taken into consideration marine spatial making plans in large part across the modern exploration settlement blocks. Other factors of environmental control, which include the necessities for baseline studies, effect assessment, post-effect tracking, and the remedy of dangerous consequences and extreme damage want to be carried out to assist well-described environmental desires and objectives. We advocate that this making plans be done for scales largethan man or woman blocks, through a Strategic Environmental Management Plan, to make certain sustainable use of ocean assets throughout the Area.

scholarly journals Spatial-Temporal Analysis of the Forest Fragments Surrounding a Conservation Unit in the Southern Region of Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Bianca Fernandes ◽  
Ligia Batista
Keyword(s):  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Edge Density ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Conservation Unit ◽  
Border Effect ◽  
Action Strategies ◽  
Landsat Satellite ◽  
High Degree

In recent years, anthropogenic actions have intensified forest fragmentation, causing several damages to the landscape’s natural components, propagating the loss of biodiversity. This study aims to present an analysis of the forest fragments in a conservation unit located at southern of Brazil. The evaluation was carried out for the years 1998, 2008, and 2018, by using landscape metrics and classification of remote sensing imagery of the Landsat satellite. The following metrics were analyzed: area and edge, shape, core area, and aggregation. The results indicated an increase of 16.88% in the total area of vegetation, and the percentage of fragments increased from 16.16% to 18.89%. The number of fragments decreased, resulting in an increase of the mean area in 5.4 ha. The percentage of vegetation under border effect changed from 40.2% to 37.1%. In 1998, the average nearest neighbor distance was 155.4 m, and in 2018, 149.7 m. However, this distance is still classified as a high degree of isolation, which hinders the movement of organisms and the dispersion of species. Thus, all the analyzed metrics indicated a decrease in the fragmentation, except for the edge density metric, in which its increase of 1.86 pointed to a lower degree of conservation during the analyzed period. A study of this nature is important as it provides subsidies for future researches and can contribute to action strategies to be adopted in the management plan of the area.

scholarly journals Causes of Deforestation and Conservation of Madhupur Sal Forest in Tangail Region

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
MN Hossain ◽  
M Rokanuzzaman ◽  
MA Rahman ◽  
M Bodiuzzaman ◽  
MA Miah
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sal Forest ◽  
Global Concern

Over the past few decades deforestation has become the issue of global concern for its rapid reduction of biodiversity. The tropical moist deciduous Sal forest ecosystem of central Bangladesh is currently in a critical situation. Destructive anthropogenic and natural impacts coupled with overexploitation of forest resources have caused severe damage to the forest ecosystem. Due to rubber monoculture, expanding commercial fuel wood plantations & expanding agriculture, illegal cutting, encroachment of forest areas, and illegal poaching of wildlife, the Sal forest is losing biodiversity alarmingly. The study is based on intensive literature survey and tries to explore the overall deforestation situation and conservation practices for Madhupur Sal forest that comprises about 5% of the total forests in Bangladesh. The level of destruction of the natural Sal forest has pushed the forest-dwelling indigenous Garo community into cash crop production, forcing them to move away from their traditional subsistence economy. Now we need to address a joint conservation and improved management plan of the forest resources use. Thus all kinds of military establishments, construction of roads and highways for military purposes should be avoided and a policy of planned industrialization should be adopted to mitigate the adverse effect of industrialization. Findings of the study will help to identify the causes of deforestation and conservation of Madhupur Sal forest and also in other national parks in Bangladesh which ultimately conserve the biodiversity and help to maintain natural balance.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i2.22105 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(2): 109-114 2013

scholarly journals Diversity, distribution and spatial structure of the cold-water coral fauna of the Azores (NE Atlantic)

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 4009-4036 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Braga-Henriques ◽  
F. M. Porteiro ◽  
P. A. Ribeiro ◽  
V. de Matos ◽  
Í. Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Fish Habitat ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Coral Fauna ◽  
By Catch

Abstract. Cold-water corals are widely considered as important structural components of benthic habitats, potentially enhancing local abundance in a variety of fish and invertebrate species. Yet, current knowledge of the taxonomic diversity and distribution patterns of these vulnerable, slow-growing organisms is scarce and fragmented, limiting the effectiveness of spatial management and conservation measures. We have conducted an exhaustive compilation of records of alcyonaceans, antipatharians, scleractinians and stylasterids available through present day to assess the diversity, distribution and spatial structure of coral assemblages in the Azores exclusive economic zone (EEZ). The resulting database comprises 2501 entries concerning historical oceanographic expeditions and other published sources, as well as unpublished data from bottom longline by-catch. Our taxonomic inventory appears to be fairly complete for the explored habitats, accounting for 164 species (79 alcyonaceans, 58 scleractinians, 18 antipatharians and 9 stylasterids), nine of which were documented for the first time. The Azores EEZ harbours a mixed coral fauna with several zoogeographic origins, showing the closest affinity with the Lusitanian–Mediterranean region. Very few apparent endemics were found (14%), and only in part supported by consistent sampling. Coral diversity is particularly high between 300 and 900 m depths, in areas recognized as traditional fishing grounds or exploitable fish habitat within the 100-mile limit of the EEZ. The composition of coral assemblages shows significant geographical structure among longitudinal sections of the study area at comparable depths (100–1500 m). There is no evidence of a possible role of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge or latitudinal effects underlying this pattern, which suggests that it may instead reflect assemblage variability among features. Stronger changes in species composition were found along the bathymetric gradient. Notwithstanding the mix of partially overlapping steno- and eurybathic species that characterize the vertical distribution of corals, there is a distinct transition from shallow (100–600 m) to intermediate (600–1000 m) depths. The analysis presented here constitutes a valuable contribution for efficient conservation policies of coral-associated vulnerable marine ecosystems and their sustainable use as fishing areas.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Determining the Market Value of Forest Real Properties Using Various Valuation Techniques

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Buśko
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Market Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Forest Management Plan ◽  
Survey Approach

Abstract The paper presents procedures for determining market values of forest real properties, with particular emphasis placed on the forest stand. The mixed-approach valuation procedure - land valuation index method - was analyzed. The practical part of the work regarding the valuation of the forest stand introduces the various techniques of valuation and acquisition of data on forest resources used, i.e.: index-based valuation approach and stock survey approach. The subject of the research is part of a forest property, which represents an assessment area, typical of the southern part of Poland, located in the Tenczynek Forest Division. There is a forest management plan for the analyzed property which, together with the assessment descriptions, was used as one of the sources of data for valuation. The second source of data for valuation were direct field surveys, i.e.: geodetic surveys for determining the assessment area and the stock survey approach with individual tree assessment with respect to data on the stand. Based on the research, it may be concluded that both valuation techniques and methods used to capture data on forest resources significantly affect the final value of forest properties. The market value of the stand, determined by the index-based valuation approach, demonstrates a significant difference when compared to the value of the stand determined by the stock survey approach. The forest management plan should only be used as a supplementary material and only to identify site types of forests by property valuers and, partially, together with economic maps, to determine the boundaries of assessment areas.

scholarly journals ANALYZING TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL TRENDS IN MANAGEMENT PLANS OF FEDERAL PROTECTED AREAS IN BRAZIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (04) ◽  
pp. 846-854
Author(s):  
Alessandro Ribeiro Morais ◽  
◽  
Mariana Nascimento Siqueira ◽  
Roniel Freitas-Oliveira ◽  
Daniel Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Group B

Protected areas are the most frequently used tool for the mitigation of threats to biodiversity. However, without effective management, the creation of new protected areas may be ineffective. In Brazil, protected areas must have both a governing body (consultative or deliberative council) and an official management plan. Here, we analyzed general trends and patterns in the approval of the management plans for Brazilian federal protected areas. We considered all federal protected areas, and compiled data on (i) the year the area was created, (ii) the type of protected area (integral protection vs. sustainable use), (iii) year its management plan was approved, (iv) year in which the management plan was revised after its approval, (v) total area (in hectares), and (vi) the biome in which the area is located. We stablished three groups of protected area: 1) Group A: protected areas created prior to 1979, 2) Group B: protected areas created between 1979 and 1999, and 3) Group C: protected areas created between 2000 to the present time. Finally, we tested whether time for the approval of the management plan suffered a simultaneous effect of the type of biome and type of categories of protected area (strictly protected vs. sustainable use areas). We found 211 (63.17% of the 334) protected areas with management plan. On average, the time taken for the creation and approval of a management plan far exceeds the deadlines (5 yrs.) defined under current Brazilian law. All Brazilian biomes are poorly covered by protected areas with effective management plans, with the highest and lowest value observed in the Pantanal (100%) and Caatinga (46.42%), respectively. Our results suggest that the effectiveness of many federal protected areas in Brazil can be reduced considerably by the lack of a management plan, with deleterious consequences for the country’s principal conservation strategies.

Forest Conservation and Restraints on Economic Freedom of Fishermen in Sundarban Tiger Reserve, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avijit Mistri ◽  
Bhaswati Das
Keyword(s):  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Tiger Reserve ◽  
Political Unrest ◽  
Indian Sundarban ◽  
Different Parts

The environmental conservation in India is skewed towards environmental protection and hardly balanced with economic and social development and sustainability of the ‘ecosystem people’. Conservation initiatives have resulted in strife and political unrest in different parts of the country. This article reflects on one such conflict, namely the process of forest conservation in Indian Sundarban and how it restrains the economic freedom of the fishermen. In this case, the economic entitlements of fishermen are not justified as a set of fair claims, rather overlooked due to non-sanction by the legislated fundamental rights. The article concludes that a thoughtful conservation with local peoples’ participation in sustainable use of forest resources are very essential.

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