Indian Journal of Human Development
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Published By Sage Publications

2456-480x, 0973-7030

2021 ◽  
pp. 097370302110641
Author(s):  
Minaketan Behera ◽  
Preksha Dassani

Health is an essential aspect of human life, and good health significantly contributes to the social development and economic progress of a nation. The health practices are shaped by culture, economic life, and geographical and ecological conditions, among others. The Scheduled Tribes (STs) are socially and educationally backward. The government healthcare services have not optimally reached the tribal communities, and, hence, they are forced to depend on their traditional health practices. This article presents and critically evaluates the health status of STs in Odisha. It outlines the performance of various health indicators, health status and the factors influencing tribal health. The analysis is based on secondary data, including the National Family Health Survey-4 and Rural Health Statistics, 2019. The relevant indicators reveal that the nutrition and health status among the STs in Odisha is poor and is much lower than the national average.


2021 ◽  
pp. 097370302110649
Author(s):  
Ashish Aman Sinha ◽  
Hari Charan Behera ◽  
Ajit Kumar Behura ◽  
Amiya Kumar Sahoo ◽  
Utpal Kumar De

The main objective of the article is to identify different types of livelihood assets, income generating activities (IGAs) and choices of these activities by households across social groups in the Fifth and non-Fifth Scheduled areas of Jharkhand in eastern India. It is based on a primary survey of 785 households randomly selected across caste and Scheduled Tribe groups in Giridih and Latehar districts of Jharkhand. K-means clustering is applied for determination of latent class activity clusters and Multinomial Logistic Regression (MLR) model used for understanding the importance of livelihood assets in determining livelihood activity cluster (LC) for income generation. Further, discriminant analysis is applied to obtain probability of choice of individual households in determining livelihood generating activity. The analysis shows that forest-based activity remains a better livelihood support system in the Fifth Scheduled areas, which is less significant and further diminishing in the non-Fifth Scheduled areas. Rural households engaged in a diverse set of IGAs to obtain additional income to reduce risk and maintain a balanced consumption. Occupational transition is marked by the decline of agriculture and increasing reliance on daily-wage activities as the primary source of income. Other traditional livelihood activities such as animal husbandry and the collection of forest produce have less scope for income in the absence of institutional support.


2021 ◽  
pp. 097370302110620
Author(s):  
S. Limakumba Walling ◽  
Tumbenthung Y. Humtsoe

The state of Nagaland came into existence in 1963, with the union government granting special status to the state under Article 371A of the Indian constitution. These special provisions safeguard the indigenous social and customary practices and economic resources from the interventions and policies of the union government sans state legislature’s concurring resolution on the same. The special status while protecting the aforementioned rights of the Nagas creates a contrasting duality of sorts—in that modern market based democratic and economic institutions coexist with the traditional institutions. This blending of the old and the new often creates contestations and contradictions within the state’s political, social and economic spheres. In understanding these issues besieging Nagaland, neoliberal narratives of development economics and policy prescriptions thereof may be ill-disposed. The present article attempts to unravel the factors arresting economic development in the state by analysing various macroeconomic indicators. It is suggested that at the core lies the conflict between an attempt to establish a modern market-based economy with private ownership and that of a tribal-community based economic rights with customary laws and practices. The imperative role of the state government is emphasised to provide a mechanism for resolving the economic questions and ushering in development while preserving the rights of the indigenous people.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 570-575
Author(s):  
Jandhyala B. G. Tilak

Pankaj Jalote (Ed.), Building Research Universities in India (SAGE Studies in Higher Education). SAGE Publications, 2021, 415 pp., ₹1495, ISBN: 9789353885021 (Hardback).


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 579-582
Author(s):  
Rama Devi
Keyword(s):  
The Poor ◽  

Juned Shaikh, Outcaste Bombay: City Making and the Politics of the Poor. Orient BlackSwan, 2021, xii + 227 pp., ₹995.


2021 ◽  
pp. 006996672110638
Author(s):  
Jai Mohan Pandit ◽  
Bino Paul

This study investigates human resource management (HRM) practices in higher education institutions (HEIs) based on a comparative analysis of India and the US. Although higher education in India has grown over the decades, its quality, in general, has not kept up with global standards. On the other hand, many US universities have performed consistently well in international university rankings. Based on qualitative research collected from principal stakeholders of HEIs in India and the US, HRM practices and policies followed by them are presented and discussed. Data collection for the research study was through web interviews during the period August–October 2020. The study reveals that Indian public HEIs do not have professional HRM teams. Also, they are in a formative stage in autonomous and private institutions. On the other hand, many HEIs in the US have developed mature HRM systems. This difference resonates in attributes such as structure of HRM, recruitment and selection processes, training and development programmes, performance management, career progression and talent retention.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 410-426
Author(s):  
Tanuka Endow ◽  
Rajarshi Majumder ◽  
Preet Rustagi ◽  
Nandini Mukherjee

A rise in female work participation in the urban sector creates a vacancy for care work at the household level and triggers a second round of job creation for females. In order to explore whether this process gives rise to decent employment for the female domestic workers (FDWs), a primary survey was conducted among domestic workers in the cities of Delhi, Noida, Kolkata and Asansol. The workers surveyed are, by and large, in low-wage, precarious employment, without social security and have an exhausting routine of work inside and outside the home. Apart from the lack of job security, sickness and disease also add to the uncertainty. Given the double burden of income-earning work and own domestic work, the FDW is crucially dependent on her health and strength, and often incurs health-related expenditure. But they contribute to their household income and have some autonomy in household decision-making. The informal working conditions for these workers, the need for social security and their low wage levels are all areas that need serious attention from policy-makers. Health insurance and pension plans would benefit the domestic workers, given that their work involves a requirement for robust health and the strength that youth brings with it.


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-578
Author(s):  
Debarshi Das
Keyword(s):  

Alex M. Thomas, Macroeconomics: An Introduction. Delhi: Cambridge University Press, 2021, xx + 234 pp. ISBN: 978-1108731997 (Paperback).


2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-531
Author(s):  
Rashmi Shukla

Government expenditure on water supply and sanitation (WSS) aims to improve both the quality of life and health conditions. Using budget analyses, this article highlights the trend and composition of WSS expenditure in Uttar Pradesh covering the period 1990–1991 to 2018–2019. The article also presents political regime wise trend of WSS expenditure and finds that political regime affects WSS expenditure. Regression analysis reveals that net state domestic product is negatively related to WSS expenditure. This is not a good sign for the state where unsafe drinking water, sanitation and hygienic condition is the fourth leading risk responsible for disease burden, and the current status of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) condition is quite low. The overall budget for WSS in Uttar Pradesh is grossly inadequate, irresponsive and out of sync with the development reality. There is an acute need of government intervention with higher budgetary allocations for the overall development of water and sanitation facilities in Uttar Pradesh.


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