Ecografia toracica nel paziente pediatrico: una rassegna

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 201-209
Author(s):  
Tammam Hasan ◽  
Simone Bonetti
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Thoracic Ultrasound ◽  
Ionizing Radiations

Thoracic ultrasound is a diagnostic tool whose field of application has enormously developed during the last few years, especially in Paediatrics. The absence of ionizing radiations is the main advantage of this tool. Moreover, it can be performed quickly and at the patient’s bed. The paper - starting from a review of the literature - describes the main elements of the semeiotics of thoracic ultrasound, distinguishing the normal findings from the pathologic ones, some applications of functional thoracic ultrasound and the main fields of application. The paper provides the non-expert paediatrician with the bases that help them to learn this technique and the expert one with an easy guide.

scholarly journals A Congenital Anterior Urethrocutaneous Fistula in a Boy Whose Mother Was Exposed to Ionizing Radiations: Case Report and Literature Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Spinelli ◽  
V. Pucci ◽  
C. Menchini ◽  
I. Buti ◽  
L. Fregoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Anorectal Malformations ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Urethrocutaneous Fistula ◽  
Nuclear Fallout ◽  
Rare Malformation ◽  
Ionizing Radiations

Anterior congenital urethrocutaneous fistula is a rare anomaly that may present in an isolated fashion or in association with other anomalies of the genital urinary tract or anorectal malformations. A case of congenital anterior urethrocutaneous fistula nonassociated with other congenital anomalies in a 3-year-old male whose mother has been exposed to Chernobyl's nuclear fallout is described. The patient was successfully operated with no recurrence. We report a review of the literature about etiology and surgical strategy including the role of ionizing radiations. The congenital anterior urethrocutaneous fistula represents a rare malformation. The etiopathogenesis is unknown.

scholarly journals Ultrasound in Inflammatory and Obstructive Salivary Gland Diseases: Own Experiences and a Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 3547
Author(s):  
Michael Koch ◽  
Matti Sievert ◽  
Heinrich Iro ◽  
Konstantinos Mantsopoulos ◽  
Mirco Schapher
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
First Line ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Salivary Gland Diseases ◽  
Technical Developments

Background: Ultrasound is established as a diagnostic tool in salivary glands for obstructive diseases such as sialolithiasis and tumors. Concerning inflammatory diseases and in non-sialolithiasis-caused obstruction, much fewer data are available. In recent years, technical development has allowed a better assessment of the gland parenchyma, and knowledge about intraductal pathologies has increased considerably, which has provided new insights and a new interpretation of ultrasound findings. Objectives: To provide a comprehensive review of the literature that includes our own experiences and to point out the state of the art in ultrasound in the diagnostics of inflammatory and obstructive salivary gland diseases, taking adequate techniques and recent technical developments into consideration. Data sources and study eligibility criteria: A systematic literature search was performed in Pubmed using various specific key words. Results: According to the literature results, including our own experiences, ultrasound is of value in up to >90% of cases presenting with inflammatory and/or obstructive diseases. Technical developments (e.g., elastography) and the application of modified ultrasound techniques (e.g., transoral ultrasound) have contributed to these results. Today, ultrasound is considered a first-line diagnostic tool in these diseases. However, in some inflammatory diseases, the final diagnosis can be made only after inclusion of the anamnesis, clinical symptoms, serologic blood tests, or histopathologic investigation. Conclusions: Ultrasound can be considered as a first-line diagnostic tool in obstructive and inflammatory salivary gland diseases. In obstructive diseases, it may be sufficient for diagnostics in >90% of cases. In inflammatory diseases, ultrasound is at least an excellent screening method and can be used to establish the diagnosis in cases of an early suspicion. In all diseases ultrasound can contribute to better management and can be used for monitoring during follow-up.

Posturography examination as a diagnostic tool in children - a review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Monika Borek ◽  
Roksana Ewa Malak ◽  
Teresa Matthews-Brzozowska ◽  
Włodzimierz Samborski
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Body Posture ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Stomatognathic System ◽  
Vestibular Reflex ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Control Balance ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. Posturograph tests are used to assess the vestibular reflex, which can be helpful for specialists who analyze body balance disorders. Despite many studies on the stability of body posture in pediatric patients, there is still a lack of reliable analysis.Aim. Performing a review of the literature to verify the relationship between balance and body posture as well as stomatognathic system as a part of motor system and the craniofacial complex using a posturograph.Material and Methods. A review of the literature has been carried out for the posturographic examination as a diagnostic tool. The following work is for reference only. A review of the Google Schoolar database and PubMed was made. Keywords used in the search are: (children) and (posturography, posture control, balance, temporomandibular joint). The authors took into account reports published in Polish and English. For the purposes of this review, strict criteria for the inclusion and exclusion of research work have been created.Results. The authors analyzed 335 research papers, of which 5 articles were qualified after the analysis. Studies show that there is a relationship between posturographic examination and postural disorders in children. However, the results are not conclusive and further research is necessary before these results can be considered as fully generalized.Summary. It is necessary to standardize the research using a posturograph. There is a need for further research due to the lack of standardized measurements showing norms for individual age groups.

scholarly journals Mycobacterium Avium Complex Infection as a Rare Cause of Cerebral Mass Lesion and IRIS in a Patient with AIDS: Case Report and Review of the Literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney Lane-Donovan ◽  
Emma Bainbridge ◽  
John Szumowski ◽  
Andrew D Kerkhoff ◽  
Michael J Peluso
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Complex ◽  
Brain Biopsy ◽  
Mass Lesion ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Clinicopathologic Characteristics ◽  
Brain Abscesses

Abstract A patient with advanced HIV/AIDS presented with a brain abscess. While brain biopsy culture and pathology were unrevealing, universal broad-range PCR (uPCR) demonstrated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). We review the clinicopathologic characteristics of MAC brain abscesses and highlight the effectiveness of uPCR as a diagnostic tool in partially-treated infections.

scholarly journals The role of chest ultrasonography in the management of respiratory diseases: document I

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Zanforlin ◽  
Rosangela Giannuzzi ◽  
Stefano Nardini ◽  
Americo Testa ◽  
Gino Soldati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Physical Basis ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Pleural Effusions ◽  
Chest Ultrasonography ◽  
Thoracic Ultrasound ◽  
Pleural Diseases ◽  
Emergency Situations

Chest ultrasonography can be a useful diagnostic tool for respiratory physicians. It can be used to complete and widen the general objective examination also in emergency situations, at the patient’s bedside. The aim of this document is to promote better knowledge and more widespread use of thoracic ultrasound among respiratory physicians in Italy. This document I is focused on basic knowledge of chest ultrasonography technique, physical basis, aims and characteristics, fields of application. Document I shows how chest ultrasonography can be useful to detect and monitor pleural diseases, pleural effusions and pneumothorax and how it can assess diaphragmatic kinetics and pathologies.

scholarly journals Clinical Application of Genome and Exome Sequencing as a Diagnostic Tool for Pediatric Patients: a Scoping Review of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadley Stevens Smith ◽  
J. Michael Swint ◽  
Seema R. Lalani ◽  
Jose-Miguel Yamal ◽  
Marcia C. de Oliveira Otto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Clinical Application ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Review Of The Literature
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