Surgical Removal of an Intramedullary Spinal Cord Foreign Body Granuloma in a Dog

2003 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alenka Leskovar ◽  
Joan R. Coates ◽  
Karen E. Russell ◽  
Michael A. Walker ◽  
Ralph W. Storts
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Foreign Body Granuloma ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
Dorsal Midline ◽  
Intramedullary Lesion ◽  
Spinal Cord Segment

A 2-year-old, spayed female, mixed-breed dog was presented for evaluation of a progressive asymmetric tetraparesis and cranial nerve deficits with a 3-week duration. Computed tomography showed a contrast-enhancing lesion along the left side of the junction of the medulla and the cervical spinal cord. An exploratory surgery determined the presence of an intramedullary lesion of the first cervical spinal cord segment. The mass was removed through a dorsal midline myelotomy. Microscopic examination identified a foreign body granuloma that contained a dense, anisotropic outer wall, supporting the conclusion that the foreign body was of plant origin. The dog recovered to a more improved ambulatory status than prior to surgery.

scholarly journals Meningioma in cervical spinal cord segment 6 of a dog – a case report

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-229
Author(s):  
Ciprian Andrei Ober ◽  
Orit Chai ◽  
Joshua Milgram ◽  
Cosmin Petru Peştean ◽  
Cecilia Danciu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
Selective Lesion ◽  
Spinal Cord Segment ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cervical Segment ◽  
Spinal Cord Tumours

Meningiomas in dogs occur more commonly in the brain than in the cranial spinal cord. Intramedullary spinal cord tumours in dogs are described infrequently and present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. A nine-year-old Beagle dog was referred because of tetraparesis of a 20-day duration. The neurological signs were suggestive of a selective lesion involving the cervical spinal cord. Sagittal T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the cervical vertebral column revealed a ventral, well-circumscribed mass within the vertebral canal at the level of cervical segment 6 (C6). A primary neoplasia was considered as probable differential diagnosis. The mass was removed by cervical laminectomy, durotomy and gentle dissections. On the basis of histological and immunohistochemical findings, a diagnosis of transitional meningioma (grade I) was made. Treatment of the meningioma with surgery resulted in a complete recovery, the dog was able to walk 21 days after surgery and had normal walk two months after presentation. Clinicopathologic and treatment data of cranial intraspinal meningiomas have been reported sporadically, but a segment 6 location was not thoroughly described before.

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Infected Cervicodorsal Intramedullary Epidermoid Cyst

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan Chawla ◽  
Milind Sankhe
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Epidermoid Cyst ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Neurophysiological Monitoring ◽  
Dermal Sinus ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Intermittent Fever ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
Intramedullary Lesion ◽  
Sinus Opening

Abstract Introduction  Intramedullary spinal epidermoid cysts have a reported incidence of less than 1% of intramedullary spinal cord tumors; and out of these, intramedullary epidermoid lesions within the cervical spinal cord are even rarer. Here, we present the case of an adult patient with an infected intramedullary epidermoid cyst, identified on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the C7–D1 level that was successfully excised without any worsening of neurological status. Case Presentation A 23-year-old female patient presented with history of moderate degree intermittent fever followed by gradually progressive right-sided weakness. She had paresthesia below C5 dermatome on the right side. On close inspection of the back, a tiny sinus opening was noted at the D2 level near the midline. MRI of the spine showed an intramedullary lesion at the C6–D1 level with the tract connecting to the subcutaneous lesion. Somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) monitoring was done during the surgery with near total excision of the lesion. Conclusion Even though the location is rare, a differential diagnosis of the epidermoid should always be considered. A tiny dermal sinus opening helped us in proper diagnosis, along with surgical excision, by providing us a direct path to the intramedullary lesion. An early diagnosis and treatment with neurophysiological monitoring helped us in the maximum safe resection of the lesion without developing any new deficit.

scholarly journals Autonomic dysreflexia associated with cervical spinal cord gliofibroma: case report

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Mizuno ◽  
Fumiaki Honda ◽  
Hayato Ikota ◽  
Yuhei Yoshimoto
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Tumor ◽  
Autonomic Dysreflexia ◽  
Tumor Biopsy ◽  
Intramedullary Lesion ◽  
First Case ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Paroxysmal Hypertension ◽  
Upper And Lower Extremities

Abstract Background Autonomic dysreflexia (AD) is an abnormal reflex of the autonomic nervous system normally observed in patients with spinal cord injury from the sixth thoracic vertebra and above. AD causes various symptoms including paroxysmal hypertension due to stimulus. Here, we report a case of recurrent AD associated with cervical spinal cord tumor. Case presentation The patient was a 57-year-old man. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intramedullary lesion in the C2, C6, and high Th12 levels. During the course of treatment, sudden loss of consciousness occurred together with abnormal paroxysmal hypertension, marked facial sweating, left upward conjugate gaze deviation, ankylosis of both upper and lower extremities, and mydriasis. Seizures repeatedly occurred, with symptoms disappearing after approximately 30 min. AD associated with cervical spinal cord tumor was diagnosed. Histological examination by tumor biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of gliofibroma. Radiotherapy was performed targeting the entire brain and spinal cord. The patient died approximately 3 months after treatment was started. Conclusions AD is rarely associated with spinal cord tumor, and this is the first case associated with cervical spinal cord gliofibroma. AD is important to recognize, since immediate and appropriate response is required.

Thoracic spinal iophendylate-induced arachnoiditis mimicking an intramedullary spinal cord neoplasm

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 292-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven W. Hwang ◽  
Rafeeque A. Bhadelia ◽  
Julian Wu
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
Intramedullary Lesion ◽  
Thoracic Spinal

✓Iophendylate (Pantopaque or Myodil) was commonly used from the 1940s until the late 1980s for myelography, cisternography, and ventriculography. Although such instances are rare, several different long-term sequelae have been described in the literature and associated with intrathecal iophendylate. The authors describe an unusual case of arachnoiditis caused by residual thoracic iophendylate imitating an expansile intramedullary lesion on magnetic resonance images obtained 30 years after the initial myelographic injection.

Spinal cord representation of motor cortex plasticity reflects corticospinal tract LTP

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (52) ◽  
pp. e2113192118
Author(s):  
Alzahraa Amer ◽  
Jianxun Xia ◽  
Michael Smith ◽  
John H. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Corticospinal Tract ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
Spinal Cord Segment ◽  
Spinal Interneuron ◽  
Activity Dependent

Although it is well known that activity-dependent motor cortex (MCX) plasticity produces long-term potentiation (LTP) of local cortical circuits, leading to enhanced muscle function, the effects on the corticospinal projection to spinal neurons has not yet been thoroughly studied. Here, we investigate a spinal locus for corticospinal tract (CST) plasticity in anesthetized rats using multichannel recording of motor-evoked, intraspinal local field potentials (LFPs) at the sixth cervical spinal cord segment. We produced LTP by intermittent theta burst electrical stimulation (iTBS) of the wrist area of MCX. Approximately 3 min of MCX iTBS potentiated the monosynaptic excitatory LFP recorded within the CST termination field in the dorsal horn and intermediate zone for at least 15 min after stimulation. Ventrolaterally, in the spinal cord gray matter, which is outside the CST termination field in rats, iTBS potentiated an oligosynaptic negative LFP that was localized to the wrist muscle motor pool. Spinal LTP remained robust, despite pharmacological blockade of iTBS-induced LTP within MCX using MK801, showing that activity-dependent spinal plasticity can be induced without concurrent MCX LTP. Pyramidal tract iTBS, which preferentially activates the CST, also produced significant spinal LTP, indicating the capacity for plasticity at the CST–spinal interneuron synapse. Our findings show CST monosynaptic LTP in spinal interneurons and demonstrate that spinal premotor circuits are capable of further modifying descending MCX control signals in an activity-dependent manner.

Microsurgical Resection of an Intramedullary Spinal Cord Hemangioblastoma Through an Anterior Cervical Approach: 2-Dimensional Operative Video

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Lindsey McCormick ◽  
Nikita Alexiades ◽  
Paul C McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
Dural Closure ◽  
Cervical Approach ◽  
Anterior Cervical Approach ◽  
Microsurgical Resection

Abstract This video demonstrates the microsurgical removal of an intramedullary spinal cord hemangioblastoma through an anterior cervical approach. While most spinal hemangioblastomas arise from the dorsal or dorsolateral pial surface and can be safely resected through a posterior approach,1,2 ventral tumors can present a significant challenge to safe surgical removal.3-5 This patient presented with a progressively symptomatic ventral pial based hemangioblastoma at the C5-6 level with large polar cysts extending from C3 to T1. The tumor was approached through a standard anterior cervical exposure with a C5 and C6 corpectomy. Following midline durotomy, the tumor was identified and complete microsurgical resection was achieved. The principles and techniques of tumor resection are illustrated and described in the video. Following tumor resection and dural closure, a fibular allograft was inserted into the corpectomy defect and a C4-C7 fixation plate was placed. The patient was maintained in a supine position for 36 h. He was discharged home on postoperative day 3 in a cervical collar. The patient did well with near-complete recovery of neurological function. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging at 6 wk showed a substantial resolution of the polar cysts and no evidence of residual tumor. The patient featured in this video consented to the procedure.

scholarly journals A feather cyst causing vertebral bone lysis and spinal cord compression in a Lohmann Brown layer

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alaster Samkange ◽  
Borden Mushonga ◽  
Erick Kandiwa ◽  
Alec S. Bishi ◽  
Basiamisi V.E. Segwagwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Vertebra ◽  
Cord Compression ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Subsequent Growth ◽  
Spinal Cord Segment ◽  
Normal Diameter ◽  
Bone Lysis ◽  
Exerted Pressure

A feather cyst in the cervical region which, through complications of inward growth, resulted in compression of the cervical spinal cord of a Lohmann Brown layer is described. It is postulated that expansion of the cyst exerted pressure on the adjacent cervical vertebra and through bone lysis created an opening through which the cyst protruded, thereby exerting pressure on the spinal cord. The affected spinal cord segment was reduced to a fifth of its normal diameter. The bird most likely died of starvation because of limb and neck paralysis and disorientation. Although the cause of the feather cyst was not conclusively identified, moulting and trauma could have triggered its formation and subsequent growth.

scholarly journals Isolated Solitary Intramedullary Spinal Cord Metastasis Presenting as the First Manifestation of Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Report of a Rare Case

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Yusuf Kurtuluş Duransoy ◽  
Mesut Mete ◽  
Mehmet Selçuki ◽  
Aydın Işisağ
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Intramedullary Lesion ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Spinal Cord Metastasis ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Intramedullary Spinal Cord Metastasis

Background. Intramedullary spinal cord metastases presenting as the first manifestation of malignancies are extremely rare lesions.Case Description. The authors report a 74-year-old woman who presented with an isolated intramedullary spinal cord metastasis which presents as first manifestation of malignancy without central nervous system and/or other organ involvement. She went under surgery, and after histopathological evaluation, primary focus was determined in lung in positron emission tomography. She is still alive after 9 months since the first diagnosis of primary focus.Conclusion. In patients with solitary intramedullary lesion in the spinal magnetic resonance imaging, whole-body investigation might help for diagnosis of primary focus and approach to treatment.

scholarly journals Anatomical and functional outcome after bilateral scrotal flap in penile reconstruction

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pornthep Pungrasmi ◽  
Anon Chayasadom ◽  
Apichai Angspatt
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Foreign Body Granuloma ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Penile Skin ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Injection of alloplastic material underneath the penile skin for penile augmentation causes many complications such as inflammation, infection, ulceration, and pain during sexual activity. One of the treatments for complications after these penile augmentation procedures is surgical excision of the foreign body granuloma followed by penile skin coverage with bilateral scrotal flaps. There are no prior prospective studies published about anatomical and functional outcomes. Objective: To study the anatomical and functional outcome of one-stage bilateral scrotal flap reconstruction in patients after surgical removal of paraffinoma from penile shafts. Methods: Patients who suffered from complications of penile foreign body granuloma were treated by surgical excision and reconstruction with bilateral scrotal flaps. The penile lengths and circumferences when flaccid and erect were recorded preoperatively and postoperatively. The patients were interviewed using questionnaires and satisfaction scored to determine their sexual experiences were recorded before and after surgery. Results: Thirteen patients were enrolled in this study. The mean follow-up time was 23.5 (11.5-40.5) weeks. The mean erectile length and the maximal circumference were 11.8 (9-15) cm, 14.5 (11.5-17) cm preoperatively, and 11.7 (10-14) cm, 11.8 (10-13) cm postoperatively. Satisfaction scores of sexual activity is 6.84 (0-9) preoperatively, and 8.38 (5-10) postoperatively. Conclusion: One-stage bilateral scrotal flap coverage is a good option for penile skin reconstruction. This technique can achieve satisfactory results both anatomically and functionally.

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