scholarly journals Renin-Angiotensin System 24 hours after mild traumatic brain injury: a case- control study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago de Oliveira Furlam ◽  
Ewelin Wasner Machado da Silva ◽  
Isadora Gonçalves Roque ◽  
Pedro Parenti Vianna ◽  
Rafael Arantes de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Mild Tbi ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Control Study

Background: The Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) has been associated with several neuropathologies, including traumatic brain injury (TBI). Objectives: Assess the relationship between RAS and mild TBI within 24 hours after trauma. Design and setting: A case-control study developed by the Federal University of Minas Gerais and conducted at the Hospital João XXIII, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: Sociodemographic data and blood samples were collected from 52 individuals, of whom 28 suffered mild TBI in the 24 hours prior to collection and 24 healthy individuals made up the control group. The serum was used to measure the components of the RAS. Results: There were no significant sociodemographic differences between groups regarding to sex and age (p=0.782; p=0.077). Of the experimental group, 15 individuals reported loss of consciousness and 11 reported previous TBI. The experimental group showed significantly higher concentrations of angiotensin II (p=0.0234) and angiotensin-(1-7) (p=0.0225) and significantly lower concentrations of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) (p=0.0004) and ACE2 (p=0.0047). Conclusion: RAS seems to be involved in the pathophysiology of the hyperacute phase of mild TBI and the study of its components may contribute to identify prognostic biomarkers and new therapeutic targets for patients victims of TBI.

Does Sleep Bruxism Contribute to Headache-Related Disability After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury? A Case-Control Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Suzuki ◽  
Caroline Arbour ◽  
Samar Khoury ◽  
Jean-François Giguère ◽  
Ronald Denis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Sleep Bruxism ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Outcome of children with severe traumatic brain injury who are treated with decompressive craniectomy

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 508-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maroun J. Mhanna ◽  
Wael EI Mallah ◽  
Margaret Verrees ◽  
Rajiv Shah ◽  
Dennis M. Super
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Decompressive Craniectomy ◽  
Cerebral Edema ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Severe Tbi ◽  
Control Study

OBJECT Decompressive craniectomy (DC) for the management of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is controversial. The authors sought to determine if DC improves the outcome of children with severe TBI. METHODS In a retrospective, case-control study, medical records of all patients admitted to the pediatric ICU between May 1998 and May 2008 with severe TBI and treated with DC were identified and matched to patients who were treated medically without DC. Medical records were reviewed for patients’ demographic data and baseline characteristics. RESULTS During the study period, 17 patients with severe TBI treated with DC at a median of 2 hours (interquartile range [IQR] 1–14 hours) after admission were identified and matched to 17 contemporary controls. On admission, there were no differences between DC and control patients regarding age (10.2 ± 5.9 years vs 12.4 ± 5.4 years, respectively [mean ± SD]), sex, weight, Glasgow Coma Scale score (median 5 [IQR 3–7] vs 4 [IQR 3–6], respectively; p = 0.14), or the highest intracranial pressure (median 42 [IQR 22–54] vs 30 [IQR 21–36], respectively; p = 0.77). However, CT findings were significant for a higher rate of herniation and cerebral edema among patients with DC versus controls (7/17 vs 2/17, respectively, had herniation [p = 0.05] and 14/17 vs 6/17, respectively, had cerebral edema [p = 0.006]). Overall there were no significant differences in survival between patients with DC and controls (71% [12/17] vs 82% [14/17], respectively; p = 0.34). However, among survivors, at 4 years (IQR 1–6 years) after the TBI, 42% (5/12) of the DC patients had mild disability or a Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 5 vs none (0/14) of the controls (p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS In this retrospective, small case-control study, the authors have shown that early DC in pediatric patients with severe TBI improves outcome in survivors. Future prospective randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings.

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