Association of Cardiovascular Disease with Micro Albuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular disease with micro albuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Study Design: Observational study Place and Duration: Study was carried out in medicine department of DHQ category A hospital Batkhela and Combined Military Hospital, Multan for duration of six months from January 2020 to June 2020. Methods: Total 120 patients of both genders diagnosed diabetes 2 mellitus were presented in this study. Patients were aged between 20-80 years. Patients’ details demographics were recorded after taking written consent. Prevalence of cardiovascular disease with microalbuminuria was assessed by statistical analysis. Microalbuminuria was diagnosed among patients if urinary albumin excretion was >30mg/g and in normal albuminuria urinary albumin excretion was <30mg/g. Complete data was analyzed by SPSS 20.0 version. Results: Out of 120, 66 (55%) were males and 54 (45%) were females. Mean age of the patients were 45.71±16.9 years with mean BMI 26.14±9.22 kg/m2. Cardiovascular disease found in 90 (75%) cases. We found that 80 (66.7%) patients had microalbuminuria with mean ACR 160.4±74.6 mg/gm while rest of the patients 40 (33.3%) had normal albuminuria 19.14±5.4 mg/gm. Among 90 cases of cardiovascular disease frequency of microalbuminuria was 65 (72.22%) and among 30 diabetes patients of non- cardiovascular disease frequency of microalbuminuria were 15 (50%). Microalbuminuria was found significantly higher in patients of cardio vascular disease and increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to normoalbuminuric patients. In patients with microalbuminuria, blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin have increased dramatically. Conclusion: We concluded in this study that the prevalence of cardiovascular disease with micro albuminuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus was significantly high <0.05 with increased systolic diastolic pressure and fasting blood glucose as compared to normal albuminuria. Keywords: Microalbuminuria, Normal albuminuria, Type 2 Diabetes, Cardio vascular disease