scholarly journals ESTRUTURA DA SINÚSIA EPIFÍTICA E EFEITO DE BORDA EM UMA ÁREA DE TRANSIÇÃO ENTRE FLORESTA ESTACIONAL SEMIDECÍDUA E FLORESTA OMBRÓFILA MISTA

FLORESTA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Bernardi ◽  
Jean Carlos Budke
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Edge Effect ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Vascular Epiphytes ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Forest Remnant

Tendo em vista a baixa disponibilidade de informações sobre a sinúsia epifítica vascular na região Sul do Brasil, o objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever a estrutura de epífitos vasculares considerando o efeito de borda em uma área de transição entre Floresta Estacional Semidecídua e Floresta Ombrófila Mista. O levantamento foi realizado em um remanescente de 60 ha na região norte do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram analisados 499 forófitos, com perímetro a 1,3 m do solo ³ 15 cm, em 40 unidades amostrais de 10×10 m, sendo 20 localizadas em área de borda e 20 no interior do remanescente. Os forófitos foram divididos em cinco estratos, para análise da distribuição vertical das espécies, e suas estruturas comunitárias foram comparadas através de análise de agrupamento. Foram coletados dados referentes à luminosidade, umidade relativa do ar e temperatura para cada unidade amostral. As espécies com maior frequência e dominância foram Peperomia trineuroides Dahlst., para a área de borda, e Lepismium cruciforme (Vell.) Miquel para a área de interior. As estimativas de umidade, temperatura e luminosidade diferiram (P < 0,001) entre as áreas de borda e interior, enquanto que diversidade e equabilidade não foram estatisticamente diferentes. Embora não tenham ocorrido diferenças estruturais entre borda e interior, houve variação estrutural ao longo do gradiente vertical da floresta. Palavras-chave: Estratificação vertical; forófito; luminosidade; remanescente florestal; Sul do Brasil.   Abstract Structure of vascular epiphytes communities and the edge-effect relationships in a transitional area of seasonal semideciduous forest and rain mixed forest. Due to the low amount of information about the structure of epiphytes in southern Brazil the aim of this work was to describe the phytosociological structure of vascular epiphytes and edge-effect relationships in a transitional remnant between semideciduous seasonal forest and rain mixed forest. The survey was conducted in a 60 ha forest remnant located at northern Rio Grande do Sul state. We analyzed 499 host-trees with perimeter at breast height ³ 15 cm distributed in 40 sampling units of 10×10 m (20 at the edge and 20 at inside the remnant). The host-trees were divided in five strata to analyze vertical distribution of epiphytes and their community structures were compared by cluster analysis. We also collected data from lightness, relative humidity and air temperature in each sampling unit. The most frequent and dominant species were Peperomia trineuroides Dahlst. at the edge and Lepismium cruciforme (Vell.) Miq. at the inside site. Diversity and equability at both sites were not statistically different, by other hand, light, relative humidity and air temperature were quite different (P < 0.001). There are not structural differences between edge and inside sites to the epiphyte community, although slight differences occurred across the vertical forest strata to epiphyte community.Keywords: Forest remnant; host-trees; lightness; southern Brazil; vertical strata.

scholarly journals Testing capturing methods for the Yellow-legged Tinamou Crypturellus noctivagus (Wied, 1820) (Aves, Tinamidae) in southern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Luiz Liberato Costa Corrêa ◽  
Maria Virginia Petry
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Sampling Effort ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Forest Bird ◽  
Forest Remnant

Specific and efficient methods for capturing tinamous are scarce in the scientific literature. Here we tested the effectivity of two methods for capturing the Yellow-legged Tinamou Crypturellus noctivagus (Tinamidae): a bell-trap adapted with a nylon cast net and a type of fall-trap. In a forest remnant in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, we applied 120 hours of sampling effort using the traps, resulting in the capture of six individuals (two females and four males). These capture methods are an efficient tools and useful for forest tinamous studies, although it can be also used for capturing other forest bird which use the forest floor.

scholarly journals Medium and large sized mammals of a semideciduous forest remnant in southern Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Paulo de Souza Pires ◽  
Cristina Vargas Cademartori
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Trophic Group ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Semideciduous Forest ◽  
Plot Analysis ◽  
Forest Remnant

Knowledge about mammals of the Atlantic Forest is still lacking, especially because some places remain poorly studied or inventoried, which makes conservation initiatives difficult. We aimed to determine the species richness and composition of medium and large sized mammals in a semideciduous forest remnant, Morro do Coco, thus contributing information about the occurrence of mammalian fauna in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. The methods consisted of interviews with local inhabitants, visual records and sand plot analysis. The study took place from July 2008 to April 2009, with monthly expeditions of three days. Sixteen species of mammals were recorded, seven of which are threatened with extinction in Rio Grande do Sul and one nationally. The predominant trophic group was the frugivorous/herbivorous. The study area is situated in a prioritized zone for the conservation of mammals in Greater Porto Alegre, since it consists of one of the last remnants where the phytophysionomies that originally occupied the edge of Guaiba Lake and granite hills of the region are represented and preserved.

scholarly journals Epifitismo vascular em uma floresta de estinga do Brasil subtropical

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Luiz Waechter
Keyword(s):  
Sand Dune ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Vascular Epiphytes ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Index Of Diversity

A phytosociological survey of vascular epiphytes was performed in a sand-dune forest (restinga) of northeastern Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. A total of 60 host trees (phorophytes) were sampled according to the point-centered quarter method, including trees with at least 10cm of diameter at breast height. The recorded vascular epiphytes belong to 8 families, 20 genera and 31 species, the Orchidaceae and Bromeliaceae being the most diversified. Several additional species were recorded in the whole forest stand with ca. one hectare. Frequency values of vascular epiphytes formed a gradually decreasing sequence of species, the most important being Microgramma vacciniifolia (Polypodiaceae) and Tillandsia eêrenthos (Bromeliaceae). The Shannon index of diversity was estimated (H'= 2,990), using frequency on individual phorophytes as a measure of quantitative participation (pi). The number of vascular epiphytes on individual phorophytes ranged from 4 to 16 species, showing a polymodal distribution and a highest modal value of 8 species.

scholarly journals Ocorrência de Lagartas Desaciculadoras em Podocarpus lambertii Klotzsh ex Eichler no Sul do Brasil

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ervandil Corrêa Costa ◽  
Jardel Boscardin
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Forest Entomology ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Plastic Containers

O presente estudo objetivou identificar lagartas que se alimentam de acículas de Podocarpus lambertii Klotzsh ex Eichler (Podocarpaceae) no Sul do Brasil, e descrever algumas características de sua herbivoria. Para tanto, no período de setembro a dezembro de 2011, em um remanescente de floresta ripária localizada no município de São Sepé, Rio Grande do Sul, foram realizadas três coletas, em 10 árvores de P. lambertii, utilizando-se uma rede entomológica de copa. Após escolhidas as árvores, a metodologia de coleta compreendia na colocação do saco da rede sob o galho da planta, procedendo-se 10 sacudidas por galho. As lagartas coletadas foram acondicionadas em recipientes plásticos e levadas ao Laboratório de Entomologia Florestal da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, em Santa Maria, RS. Em laboratório, as lagartas encontradas em P. lambertii foram mantidas em ambiente com temperatura controlada 25 ± 1ºC, umidade relativa do ar de 70 ± 10% e fotofase de 12 horas, até atingirem o estágio adulto. As espécies de lagartas desaciculadoras, total de duas, foram identificadas como Eupithecia sp. (Geometridae: Larentiinae) e Cyclophora annularis (Felder & Rogenhofer) (Geometridae: Sterrhinae). Ambas as espécies apresentaram o comportamento de consumir toda a acícula, iniciando pelo ápice em direção a base do pecíolo. Assim, conclui-se que as espécies de lagartas descritas, alimentam-se das acículas de P. lambertii, causando o desaciculamento das plantas. Este é o primeiro registro de ocorrência de Eupithecia sp. e C. annularis para o estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Occurrence of Acicula-Eating Caterpillars on Podocarpus lambertii Klotzsh ex Eichler in Southern Brazil Abstract. The present study aimed to identify caterpillars that feed on needles of Podocarpus lambertii Klotzsh ex Eichler (Podocarpaceae) in southern Brazil, and to describe some characteristics of it herbivory. For that, from September to December 2011, in a forest riparian located in the municipality of São Sepé, Rio Grande do Sul, three collections were performed on 10 trees of P. lambertii, using a entomological net canopy. After chosen the trees, the collection methodology consisted in placing the bag under the branch network of the plant is proceeding ten rocked by branch. The collected larvae were placed in plastic containers and brought to the Laboratory of Forest Entomology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS. In the laboratory, caterpillars found in P. lambertii were kept in an environment with controlled temperature 25 ± 1 °C, relative humidity 70 ± 10% and photoperiod of 12 hours, until they reach the adult stage. Defoliating species of caterpillars, total of two, were identified as Eupithecia sp. (Geometridae: Larentiinae) and Cyclophora annularis (Felder & Rogenhofer) (Geometridae: Sterrhinae). Both species have the behavior of consuming whole acicula, starting with the apex toward the base of the petiole. Thus, it is concluded that the described species of caterpillars, feed on the needles of P. lambertii, causing defoliating plants. This is the first occurrence of Eupithecia sp. and C. annularis for the state of Rio Grande do Sul.

A 12-year study of fungal infections in Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa da Silva Fay ◽  
Tatiana Schäffer Gregianini ◽  
Ana Beatriz Gorini da Veiga ◽  
Stela Maris Bottin Gonçalves ◽  
Diana Mara Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul

Molecular Detection of Trypanosoma kaiowa in Tabanus triangulum (Diptera: Tabanidae) from the Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gratchela D. Rodrigues ◽  
Eduardo Blodorn ◽  
Ândrio Zafalon-Silva ◽  
William Domingues ◽  
Roberta Marques ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul

scholarly journals Habitat use patterns of franciscana dolphins (Pontoporia blainvillei) off southern Brazil in relation to water depth

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 943-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Danilewicz ◽  
Eduardo R. Secchi ◽  
Paulo H. Ott ◽  
Ignacio B. Moreno ◽  
Manuela Bassoi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Use ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Use Patterns ◽  
Management Procedures ◽  
By Catch ◽  
Pontoporia Blainvillei

The patterns of habitat use by the franciscana dolphins (Pontoporia blainvillei) along its distribution are poorly known. This study investigates the patterns of habitat use with respect to depth for 181 individuals of different age, size, gender and reproductive condition off Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The results reveal that franciscanas are very homogeneously distributed according to depth. Individuals from all lengths utilize nearly the entire range of depths of the surveyed area. Larger or older animals do not use deeper waters than younger animals, indicating that body size and age are not limiting factors for franciscanas that occupy deeper or offshore waters. Gestation seems to not cause a change in the distribution of females. Although the sex-ratio of the overall data did not vary from 1:1 in different depth intervals, a small-scale comparison between the northern and southern coast demonstrated the existence of some kind of sexual segregation. Franciscana by-catch in Rio Grande do Sul is not sustainable and it is agreed that management procedures are needed. Nevertheless, the available data on species distribution do not allow the designing of a protected area in order to minimize the by-catches of a particular sex/reproductive class.

scholarly journals Herpetofauna from an urban Pampa fragment in southern Brazil: composition, structure and conservation

Check List ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1964
Author(s):  
Omar Machado Entiauspe-Neto ◽  
Tângela Denise Perleberg ◽  
Marco Antonio de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Faunal Composition ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Composition Structure

Faunistic inventories regarding natural history of amphibians and reptiles are considered scarce and very little is known about their assemblages in urban areas; the Pampas morphoclimatic domain, also known as Uruguayan Savannah or Southern Grasslands, is also poorly known regarding their faunal composition.  Herein, we present a checklist of 16 amphibian and 20 reptile species recorded over a course of four years in the Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciências e Tecnologia, Câmpus Pelotas-Visconde da Graça, in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. We also present data on natural history and discuss conservation efforts to be undertaken in the area, in one of the least preserved and known Brazilian morphoclimatic domains, providing insights into urban herpetofaunal diversity patterns and showing the importance of modified areas in its conservation.

scholarly journals Toxomerus duplicatus Wiedemann, 1830 (Diptera: Syrphidae) preying on Microtheca spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) larvae

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 656-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
VS Sturza ◽  
STB Dequech ◽  
M Toebe ◽  
TR Silveira ◽  
A Cargnelutti Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Integrate Pest Management ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
New Information ◽  
Raphanus Sativus L ◽  
Santa Maria

Microtheca spp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) are insect pests primarily related to Brassicaceae crops. In the State of Rio Grande do Sul (RS), southern Brazil, they are found on forage turnip, Raphanus sativus L. var. oleiferus Metzg., which is commonly grown during fall/winter seasons. This work reports the predation of Microtheca spp. larvae by Toxomerus duplicatus Wiedemann, 1830 (Diptera: Syrphidae) larvae, on forage turnip crop, in Santa Maria, RS. This register provides new information about Microtheca spp. natural enemies in Brazil, which might be a new option for integrate pest management of these species.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal parasites and prey items from a mass stranding of false killer whales, Pseudorca crassidens, in Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil

2001 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. V. ANDRADE ◽  
M. C. PINEDO ◽  
A. S. BARRETO
Keyword(s):  
Rio Grande ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Ommastrephes Bartramii ◽  
Killer Whales ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Pseudorca Crassidens ◽  
Mass Stranding ◽  
Prey Items

The gastrointestinal tract of 14 false killer whales, 6 males and 8 females, stranded in June 1995 in southern Brazil, with total standard lengths from 338 to 507 cm, were analysed for endoparasites and food items. A pregnant female had a male foetus of 77.5 cm. Parasites were found in all 14 false killer whales. The nematode Anisakis simplex (Rudolphi, 1809) was found in the stomach of 57% of the animals and the acanthocephalan Bolbosoma capitatum (Linstow, 1889) Porta, 1908 was present in the intestine of all specimens and showed densities up to 600 m-1. An unidentified cestode (Tethrabothridae) was found also in the intestines of 14% of the individuals. The high infections of B. capitatum and A. simplex were not directly related with the cause of death. In the stomachs of four females, beaks of at least eight specimens of the oceanic and epipelagic species Ommastrephes bartramii (Lesueur, 1821) were found, with mantle lengths ranging from 189.8 to 360.9 mm. The distribution of O. bartramii in the coast of Rio Grande do Sul is consistent with false killer whales feeding in continental shelf waters.

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