scholarly journals Susceptibility of Dermatophytes to Thiabendazole Using CLSI Broth Macrodilution

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Efrén Robledo-Leal ◽  
Mariana Elizondo-Zertuche ◽  
Gloria M. González
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Strong Inhibitor ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Susceptibility Data ◽  
Standardized Protocol ◽  
Broth Macrodilution

Objective. To evaluate in vitro antifungal activity of thiabendazole against strains of dermatophytes using a reference method for filamentous fungi. Materials and Methods. Dermatophytes’ susceptibility to thiabendazole (TBZ) and fluconazole (FCZ) was evaluated using macrodilution method of protocol M38-A2 of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Results. MIC ranges of TBZ for all strains were narrower and/or smaller than those of FCZ. TBZ showed a significantly greater potency than FCZ () against all isolates. Discussion. Although there have been approaches to evaluate the antifungal activity of TBZ in human mycoses, no tests had been made with a standardized protocol. Susceptibility data resulted from this study shows that although TBZ is not a particularly strong inhibitor of dermatophytes, it displays a stable and constant effect against all isolates tested. Conclusion. Results show that TBZ is more effective against strains of dermatophytes than FCZ. We acknowledge the antifungal effect of TBZ against dermatophyte isolates.

In Vitro Antifungal Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Against Ocular Pathogenic Filamentous Fungi

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Xu ◽  
Chuanwen Gao ◽  
Xiaohua Li ◽  
Yi He ◽  
Lutan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

In vitro susceptibility of filamentous fungi to itraconazole, voriconazole and posaconazole by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute reference method and E-test

Mycoses ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. e318-e322 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kondori ◽  
E. Svensson ◽  
I. Mattsby-Baltzer
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility

scholarly journals ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF PANCHAWALKALA KWATHA AND PANCHAWALKALA SHATADAUTA GHRITA

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Wadimuna Mudiyanselage Dharmasenage Ruvinika Wirajani Wadimuna ◽  
Gunarathnage Upul Anuruddha Kumara ◽  
W. L. A. Rajini Saroja Pushpakumari
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Antifungal Action ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Panchawalkala is one of the ideal herbal combinations in Ayurveda and it has therapeutic properties such as Vranaropana, Shothahara, Graahi and Visarpahara. And also researchers have been proven anthelmintic, antimicrobial, wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities of these plants in combination and individual too. Ghrita (Ghee) is one of the oil preparation made by cow’s milk and it has Balavardhaka, Ojovardhaka, Vayasthapaka, Dhatuposhaka properties and is supreme in Snehana Dravyas. Panchawalkala is widely used in Kwatha and Powder form. Shatadauta Ghrita is the most famous form of the Ghee. The advantages of different innovative preparations are; increased shelf life, ready to use, better acceptability and ease of application. This study was planned to evaluate in-vitro antifungal activity of traditional Panchawalkala Kwatha and innovative Panchawalkala Shatadauta Ghrita (the Ghrita, hundreds times purified by Panchawalkala Kwatha). It was assessed by adopting agar diffusion method. Each agar plate was divided into four equal parts and was cultivated the Candida albicans. Replicator device was used to inoculate multiple specimens on to two parts of three series of plates with respective drugs. Further, responses of organism to the trial drugs were measured and compared with standard drug of Fluconazole (+ve control) and distilled water (-ve control) by using other two parts of the agar plates. All the plates were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. According to the findings, Panchawalkala Shatadauta Ghrita has an antifungal effect than Panchawalkala Kwatha. Fluconazole is the best antifungal drug among these and distilled water does not have any antifungal action. Hence, it can be concluded that, Panchawalkala Shatadauta Ghrita has antifungal activity rather than Panchawalkala Kwatha but not effective than Fluconazole.    

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oils from Ocimum gratissimum L. Grown in Togo

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koffi Koba ◽  
P W Poutouli ◽  
Christine Raynaud ◽  
Komla Sanda
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Minimum Fungicidal Concentration ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

The aerial parts of Ocimum gratissimum L. (Lamiaceae) harvested in Togo was steam-distilled and investigated for essential oil composition (GC and GC/MS) and in vitro antifungal activities. Thymol (31.79 %), p-cymene (15.57 %) and γ-terpinene (12.34 %) and were the major components of the oil. Other notable components identified in this oil were myrcene (6.94 %) and α-thujene (6.11 %).The in vitro antifungal activity was recorded with the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 80 to 150 µl.l-1, 150 to 500 µl.l-1  and from 100 to 150 µl.l-1 respectively on dermatophytes, imperfect filamentous fungi and pathogenic yeasts. Likewise, on tested fungi the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) varied from 300 µl.l-1 to 500 µl.l-1, 500 to 700 µl.l-1 and from 250 to 300 µl.l-1, respectively on dermatophytes, imperfect filamentous fungi and pathogenic yeasts. Keywords: O.gratissimum,  Antifungal, Essential oil; Thymol. © 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i1.1131 

In vitro studies of activities of the antifungal triazoles SCH56592 and itraconazole against Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and other pathogenic yeasts.

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
J N Galgiani ◽  
M L Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Broth Macrodilution

We investigated the effects of various assay conditions on the activities of two antifungal drugs, SCH56592 and itraconazole, against seven species of fungi by the broth macrodilution testing procedure proposed by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). For both drugs, which are insoluble in water, the concentration and type of solubilizing agent produced differences in drug activity. Starting inoculum size differences from 10(2) to 10(5) yeast cells per ml resulted in approximately a fourfold effect on the MIC of both drugs, but other significant differences were not observed with variations in synthetic medium composition, pH, buffering reagent, or incubation temperature. Under standardized conditions of reference method M27-T with 1% polyethylene glycol as the solubilizing agent, median MICs of SCH56592 and itraconazole of 60 and 125 mg/ml, respectively, were demonstrated for 110 strains (12 to 23 strains for each of seven species). Broth microdilution results were typically severalfold higher than broth macrodilution results. We conclude that the NCCLS standard reference method can be applied without modification to the testing of SCH56592 and itraconazole, but particular attention to solubilizing the agents is critical to obtaining consistent results.

In vitro and in vivo activity of chelerythrine against Candida albicans and underlying mechanisms

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 1545-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Gong ◽  
Siwen Li ◽  
Weixin Wang ◽  
Yiman Li ◽  
Wenli Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Drug Transporter ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Aim: To evaluate whether chelerythrine (CHT) exhibited antifungal activity against Candida albicans in vitro and in vivo and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Materials & methods: Broth microdilution assay and Galleria mellonella model were used to evaluate the antifungal effect in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Mechanism studies were investigated by morphogenesis observation, Fluo-3/AM, DCFH-DA and rhodamine6G assay, respectively. Results: CHT exhibited antifungal activity against C. albicans and preformed biofilms with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranged from 2 to 16 μg/ml. Besides, CHT protected G. mellonella larvae infected by C. albicans. Mechanisms studies revealed that CHT inhibited hyphal growth, increased intracellular calcium concentration, induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species and inhibited drug transporter activity. Conclusion: CHT exhibited antifungal activity against C. albicans.

In vitro Antifungal Activity of Dihydropyrimidinones/Thiones Against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 648-655
Author(s):  
Gabriel O. de Azambuja ◽  
Laura Svetaz ◽  
Itamar L. Gonçalves ◽  
Patricia F. Corbelini ◽  
Gilsane L. von Poser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Drug Design ◽  
Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽  
Biginelli Reaction ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Chemical Library ◽  
Antifungal Effect ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Background: Since the Monastrol discovery in 1999 as the first inhibitor of Eg5, functionalized dihydropyrimidinones/thiones (DHPMs) have emerged as prototypes for drug design in different targets. The present work aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of a chemical library of DHPMs. Methods: The compounds were obtained employing Biginelli reaction. Their antifungal activities were assessed against C. neoformans and C. albicans. Results: The compounds 1-i and 1-k inhibited moderately the fungal growth of C. neoformans, with compound 2-k presenting MIC80 values of 62.5-125 µg·mL-1. Considering activity against C. albicans, the compounds 1-i and 1-n present an MIC50 value of 125-250 µg·mL-1. Conclusion: The changes performed in DHPM scaffold appear to be valuable for generating compounds with potential antifungal effect.

scholarly journals In Vitro Susceptibility Testing of Filamentous Fungi: Comparison of Etest and Reference Microdilution Methods for Determining Itraconazole MICs

2000 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 3359-3361 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Pfaller ◽  
S. A. Messer ◽  
K. Mills ◽  
A. Bolmström
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Pseudallescheria Boydii ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility ◽  
In Vitro Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Microdilution Broth

The performance of the Etest for itraconazole susceptibility testing of 50 isolates of filamentous fungi was assessed in comparison with the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) proposed standard microdilution broth method. The NCCLS method employed RPMI 1640 broth medium, and MICs were read after incubation for 48 h at 35°C. Etest MICs were determined with RPMI agar containing 2% glucose and with Casitone agar and were read after incubation for 24 h (Aspergillus spp. and Rhizopus spp.) and 48 h (all species except Rhizopus spp.) at 35°C. The isolates included Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus terreus, Fusarium spp., Pseudallescheria boydii, Rhizopus spp., Paecilomyces variotii, and an Acremonium sp. Overall agreement between Etest and microdilution MICs was 96% with RPMI agar and 80% with Casitone agar. The agreement was 100% for all species exceptRhizopus spp. (83%) and Paecilomyces varioti(0%) with RPMI agar. When Casitone agar was used, the agreement ranged from 50% with Rhizopus spp. to 100% withFusarium spp., P. boydii, P. varioti, and an Acremonium sp. Notably, forAspergillus spp., the agreement between itraconazole Etest MICs read at 24 h and reference microdilution MICs read at 48 h was 100% with both RPMI and Casitone agar. Both media supported the growth of all filamentous fungi tested. Where a discrepancy was observed between Etest and the reference method, the Etest MIC was generally higher. The Etest method using RPMI agar appears to be a useful method for determining itraconazole susceptibilities ofAspergillus spp. and other filamentous fungi.

scholarly journals In Vitro Activity of a New Oral Triazole, BMS-207147 (ER-30346)

1998 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan C. Fung-Tomc ◽  
Elizabeth Huczko ◽  
Beatrice Minassian ◽  
Daniel P. Bonner
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Sporothrix Schenckii ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Microsporum Gypseum ◽  
Dematiaceous Fungi ◽  
Pseudallescheria Boydii ◽  
Broth Macrodilution

ABSTRACT The antifungal activity of BMS-207147 (also known as ER-30346) was compared to those of itraconazole and fluconazole against 250 strains of fungi representing 44 fungal species. MICs were determined by using the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS)-recommended broth macrodilution method for yeasts, which was modified for filamentous fungi. BMS-207147 was about two- to fourfold more potent than itraconazole and about 40-fold more active than fluconazole against yeasts. With the NCCLS-recommended resistant MIC breakpoints of ≥1 μg/ml for itraconazole and of ≥64 μg/ml for fluconazole against Candida spp., itraconazole and fluconazole were inactive against strains of Candida kruseiand Candida tropicalis. In contrast, all but 9 (allC. tropicalis) of the 116 Candida strains tested had BMS-207147 MICs of <1 μg/ml. The three triazoles were active against about half of the Candida glabrata strains and against all of the Cryptococcus neoformans strains tested. The three triazoles were fungistatic to most yeast species, except for BMS-207147 and itraconazole, which were fungicidal to cryptococci. BMS-207147 and itraconazole were inhibitory to most aspergilli, and against half of the isolates, the activity was cidal. BMS-207147 and itraconazole were active, though not cidal, against most hyaline Hyphomycetes (with the exception ofFusarium spp. and Pseudallescheria boydii), dermatophytes, and the dematiaceous fungi and inactive againstSporothrix schenckii and zygomycetes. Fluconazole, on the other hand, was inactive against most filamentous fungi with the exception of dermatophytes other than Microsporum gypseum. Thus, the spectrum and potency of BMS-207147 indicate that it should be a candidate for clinical development.

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