scholarly journals The Structural Analysis of Virtual Social Capital for Urban Resilience in a Metropolitan Area: The case of Tokyo and Bangkok

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Kiyomi Kawamoto ◽  
Nij Tontisirin ◽  
Eric Y. Yamashita
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Hypothesis Model

This study clarified the structure in which virtual social capital (SC) affects the quality of life (QOL) and promotes urban resilience in a metropolitan area. It has been determined that assistance from neighboring residents and acquaintances is essential for community resilience and is considered one of the critical factors in urban systems' resilience. These social ties among residents are called SC. In today's metropolises, social ties with others are shifting from face-to-face relationships to virtual relationships. In this study, virtual SC is defined as a weak virtual network formed among people through social media, email, telephones, letters, which is less overlapped with networks formed in face-to-face networks. Also, direct communication online positively affects psychological and personal well-being (QOL). The case study in this paper examines the Tokyo metropolitan region and Bangkok metropolitan region. A web-based survey was administered among those in the younger generation who communicate daily using online tools, and 193 valid responses were collected. Structural Equation Modeling was used to analyze. This study's hypothesis model is the structure that virtual SC affects urban resilience through the quality of life. The difference in structure was identified as both ordinary time and the period of emergency declaration. Virtual SC affected urban resilience through QOL during ordinary times. On the other hand, Virtual SC directly worked towards urban resilience during the period of an emergency declaration. Moreover, the use of media with bridging actors forms rich virtual SC and improves urban resilience. Finally, some recommendations of virtual SC use for urban resilience in a metropolitan area were discussed.

scholarly journals Association between social capital, health-related quality of life, and mental health: a structural-equation modeling approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jafar Hassanzadeh ◽  
Mohsen Asadi-Lari ◽  
Abdolvahab Baghbanian ◽  
Haleh Ghaem ◽  
Aziz Kassani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT IN MUNICIPALITIES OF THE METROPOLITAN AREA OF CARIRI, CEARÁ, BRAZIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 81-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANA PATRÍCIA NUNES BANDEIRA ◽  
◽  
PAULA HEMÍLIA DE SOUZA NUNES ◽  
MARIA GORETHE DE SOUSA LIMA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Management ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Disaster Management ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Civil Defense ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
The World

Abstract The landslides areas and flooding risks are present in several cities in the world, annually causing several casualties and health problems to communities. The main objective of this paper is to present the situation of disorderly occupation in the Metropolitan Region of Cariri, the state of Ceara, located in the Northeast of Brazil and propose actions of the risk management in order to contribute to the minimization of natural disasters. Through activities in the occupied slopes and contact with civil defense the main problems existing in some municipalities of the region were identified. Through this study it was concluded that the disaster management is incipient in Cariri. In this sense the work also presented contributions to public managers as to problems related to natural disasters, generating subsidy for the preservation of the environment and to improve the population's quality of life.

scholarly journals Effect of Peer Mentoring on Quality of Life among CKD Patients: Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nasrollah Ghahramani ◽  
Vernon M. Chinchilli ◽  
Jennifer L. Kraschnewski ◽  
Eugene J. Lengerich ◽  
Christopher N. Sciamanna
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Peer Mentoring ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Online Mentoring ◽  
Peer Mentors ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Domain Scores

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> CKD is associated with decreased quality of life (QOL). Peer mentoring (PM) leads to improved QOL in various chronic diseases. The effectiveness of PM on QOL of patients with CKD has not been previously studied. We conducted a randomized clinical trial to test the effectiveness of face-to-face (FTF) and online mentoring by trained peers, compared with usual care, on CKD patients’ QOL. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We randomized 155 patients in one of 3 groups: (1) FTF PM (<i>n</i> = 52), (2) online PM (<i>n</i> = 52), and (3) textbook only (<i>n</i> = 51). Peer mentors were patients with CKD, who received formal training through 16 h of instruction. Participants in all 3 groups received a copy of an informational textbook about CKD. Participants assigned to PM received either 6 months of FTF or online PM. The outcomes included time-related changes in domain scores of the Kidney Disease Quality of Life (KDQOL)-36 for each of the groups over the 18-month study period. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Compared with baseline, online PM led to improved scores in domains of the KDQOL-36 at 18 months: Effects of Kidney Disease (<i>p</i> = 0.01), Burden of Kidney Disease (<i>p</i> = 0.01), Symptoms and Problems of Kidney Disease (<i>p</i> = 0.006), SF-12 Physical Composite Summary (<i>p</i> = 0.001), and SF-12 Mental Composite Summary (<i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). There were no statistically significant changes from baseline in domain scores of KDQOL-36 within the FTF PM and textbook-only groups. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Among patients with CKD, online PM led to increased scores in domains of the KDQOL-36 at 18 months. The study was limited to English-speaking subjects with computer literacy and internet access.

The Impact of Self-Stigma, Role Strain, and Diabetes Distress on Quality of Life and Glycemic Control in Women With Diabetes: A 6-Month Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 109980042110096
Author(s):  
Ruey-Hsia Wang ◽  
Chia-Chin Lin ◽  
Shi-Yu Chen ◽  
Hui-Chun Hsu ◽  
Chiu-Ling Huang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Role Strain ◽  
Diabetes Distress ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Disease Characteristics ◽  
The Impact

Purposes: Women with diabetes (WD) are more severely impacted by the consequence of suboptimal diabetes control. This study aims to examine the impact of demographic and disease characteristics, baseline self-stigma, role strain, diabetes distress on Hemoglobin A1C (A1C) levels, quality of life (D-QoL) and 6-month A1C levels in younger WD. Methods: This study was a 6-month prospective study. In total, 193 WD aged 20–64 years were selected by convenience sampling from three outpatient clinics in Taiwan. Demographic and disease characteristics, self-stigma, role strain, diabetes distress, A1C levels, and D-QoL were collected at baseline. A1C levels were further collected 6 months later. Structural equation modeling was conducted to test the hypothesized model. Results: The final model supported that higher baseline D-QoL directly associated with lower concurrent A1C levels and indirectly associated with lower 6-month A1C levels through baseline A1C levels. Higher baseline self-stigma, role strain, and diabetes distress directly associated with lower baseline D-QoL, and indirectly associated with higher 6-month A1C levels through D-QoL. Conclusion: Improving self-stigma, role strain, and diabetes distress should be considered as promising strategies to improve D-QoL in young WD. D-QoL plays a mediation role between baseline self-stigma, role strain, diabetes distress and subsequent glycemic control in younger WD. Enhancing baseline D-QoL is fundamental to improve subsequent glycemic control.

Triple P for Parents of Children with Phenylketonuria: A Nonrandomized Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy E Mitchell ◽  
Alina Morawska ◽  
Grace Kirby ◽  
James McGill ◽  
David Coman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Parenting Stress ◽  
Child Behavior ◽  
Triple P ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Nonrandomized Trial

Abstract Objective Families of children with phenylketonuria (PKU) report child emotional and behavioral problems, parenting stress, and parenting difficulties, which are associated with worse health-related quality of life. This study aimed to examine acceptability and feasibility of a brief, group-based parenting program (Healthy Living Triple P) for families of children with PKU. Methods An uncontrolled nonrandomized trial design was used. Families of children aged 2–12 years (N = 17) completed questionnaire measures assessing child behavior and impact of PKU on quality of life (primary outcomes), and parenting behavior, self-efficacy and stress, and children’s behavioral and emotional adjustment (secondary outcomes). Routinely collected blood phenylalanine (Phe) levels were obtained from the treating team. Parents selected two child behaviors as targets for change. The intervention comprised two, 2-hr group sessions delivered face-to-face or online. Assessment was repeated at 4-week postintervention (T2) and 4-month follow-up (T3). Results Attrition was low and parent satisfaction with the intervention (face-to-face and online) was high. All families achieved success with one or both child behavior goals, and 75% of families achieved 100% success with both behavior goals by T3; however, there was no change in health-related quality of life. There were moderate improvements in parent-reported ineffective parenting (total score, d = 0.87, 95% CI −1.01 to 2.75) and laxness (d = 0.59, 95% CI −1.27 to 2.46), but no effects on parenting stress or children’s adjustment. Phe levels improved by 6month post-intervention for children with elevated preintervention levels. Conclusions Results support intervention acceptability and feasibility. A randomized controlled trial is warranted to establish intervention efficacy.

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