scholarly journals Oral Semaglutide for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: A Mini Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Nasser Mikhail ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Moderate Degree ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Pubmed Search

Objective: To review efficacy and safety of the first orally available glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist semaglutide. Methods: PubMed search published in English, French and Spanish from January 2000 until September 04, 2019. Search terms included “oral semaglutide”, “semaglutide”, “GLP-1 receptors”, “clinical trials”, “absorption”, “metabolism”, “efficacy”, “safety”, “cardiovascular”, “kidney disease”. Randomized trials, review articles, expert opinions and editorials are included in the review. Results: Oral semaglutide is effectively absorbed in the stomach by absorption enhancer, but has to be taken in the fasting state with water, and no food allowed for 30 min after intake. It is generally comparable in efficacy to the subcutaneous form of semaglutide. When compared to liraglutide, oral semaglutide is slightly superior in decreasing hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (-0.3% vs. liraglutide) and weight (-1.3 kg vs. liraglutide), but is associated with more frequent adverse effects (reported by 80% vs. 74% of patients). Oral semaglutide was more effective than sitagliptin. Limited data suggest that oral semaglutide is safe and effective in patients with moderate degree of renal impairment. A large randomized trial of median follow-up of 15.9 months, showed that oral semaglutide was non-inferior to placebo in terms of cardiovascular events and mortality, and might have beneficial effects on reducing some of these events. Conclusion: Oral semaglutide has an efficacy and safety profile consistent with the class of GLP-1 receptor agonists. It represents a useful therapeutic option for patients with type 2 diabetes who are reluctant to take injections. Further studies are needed to establish its long-term efficacy and safety in a large population of type 2 diabetes, including those with chronic kidney disease.

Do DPP-4 Inhibitors Protect against COVID-19?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Pubmed Search

Background: Limited retrospective data suggest that the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor sitagliptin may decrease mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes admitted with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Objective: To review the strength of evidence that supports possible protective role of sitagliptin in COVID-19. Methods: PUBMED search until October 5, 2020. Search terms included COVID-19, sitagliptin, DPP-4, CD26, mortality, diabetes. Retrospective studies and pertinent animal and human studies are reviewed. Results: One retrospective study (n=338) showed that sitagliptin use before hospitalization was associated with significant mortality reduction of approximately 60% in patients with type 2 diabetes and COVID-19. Pre-admission sitagliptin administration was associated with greater number of hospital discharge, improvement of clinical status, reduced risk of transfer to intensive care unit (ICU) and need for mechanical ventilation compared with patients who were not receiving sitagliptin. In addition, there was significant decrease in some pro-inflammatory markers in the sitagliptin group. Another small retrospective study of 9 patients who were taking a DPP-4 inhibitor prior to admission did not find any significant effect of DPP-4 inhibitors on mortality and clinical outcomes after hospitalization. Conclusions: Weak evidence from observational studies suggests possible beneficial effects of sitagliptin use before hospital admission in patients with type 2 diabetes and COVID-19. Randomized trials are urgently needed to clarify the efficacy and safety of in-hospital sitagliptin administration in patients with COVID-19 with and without type 2 diabetes.

1109-P: Type 2 Diabetes Treatment in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: Efficacy and Safety of Initiating Insulin Glargine 300 U/mL—REALI Pooled Data Analysis

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1109-P ◽  
Author(s):  
DIDAC MAURICIO ◽  
PIERRE GOURDY ◽  
RICCARDO C. BONADONNA ◽  
NICK FREEMANTLE ◽  
GREGORY BIGOT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetes Treatment ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Pooled Data ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Treatment ◽  
P Type

786-P: Glycemic Efficacy and Safety of Ertugliflozin (ERTU) in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) and Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 3 (CKD 3): An Analysis from VERTIS CV

Diabetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 786-P
Author(s):  
SAMUEL DAGOGO-JACK ◽  
RICHARD E. PRATLEY ◽  
DAVID CHERNEY ◽  
BERNARD CHARBONNEL ◽  
DARREN K. MCGUIRE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease Stage ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Efficacy And Safety

scholarly journals Efficacy and Safety of Teneligliptin in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Chronic Kidney Disease: ATEND-CKD Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Mayuresh Dilip Kiran ◽  
Dr. Monali Vakharia ◽  
Lalit Jeevan Pawaskar ◽  
Shaheen Naseem Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Adverse Event ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Serum

Background: Prior studies have estimated prevalence of CKD among non-institutionalized adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at 34.5–42.3%, with most CKD cases identified as early stage (stage 1 or 2). Diabetes affects many organs, and complications due to high blood glucose are an important cause of disability, reduced quality of life, and premature death. (8) There is paucity of data regarding efficacy and safety of teneligliptin in T2DM with chronic kidney disease (CKD) especially in Indian population and therefore this study was planned. Methods: This was a phase IV, multi-centric, open labelled, non-comparative, user initiated study done in 405 patients diagnosed with CKD due to uncontrolled T2DM. Patients were given samples of Teneligliptin 20 mg at initial visit at day 1 and asked to take one tablet daily for a total of 90 days. Glycemic and renal profile during initial and follow up visit was used for efficacy evaluation. Patients were instructed to keep a diary to record daily symptoms and adverse events if any for safety evaluation. Results: Teneligliptin reported significant mean reduction in FPG and PPBG by 40.4 and 57.5 mg/dl respectively. At 12 weeks, statistically significant 0.9% reduction in HbA1c was noted. Effects on renal parameters were also found significantly positive in this study, with reduction of Sr. creatinine by around 4% and reduction in the BUN of around 9%. There was decrease in mean urinary albumin and UACR and increase in mean eGFR, though it was not statistically significant. Among all the patients, 6.41% of patients experienced adverse event. Hypoglycemia was the most common adverse event seen in 4.44% of patients followed by constipation (1.23%) and gastritis (0.74%). Conclusion: The study reported significant improvement in glycaemic control, serum creatinine and BUN with teneligliptin.

Efficacy and safety of canagliflozin over 52 weeks in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1016-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-F. Yale ◽  
G. Bakris ◽  
B. Cariou ◽  
J. Nieto ◽  
E. David-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Efficacy And Safety
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