scholarly journals Risk model of tree stand damage by winds and its evaluation based on damage caused by cyclone “Xaver”

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. e014
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Bruchwald ◽  
Elżbieta Dmyterko ◽  
Radomir Balazy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Model ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Tree Stand ◽  
Digital Map ◽  
Site Type ◽  
High Prediction ◽  
Stand Damage ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Forest District

Aim of study: To develop and evaluate the forest’s wind-risk model, dedicated for stand damage level.Area of study: Model was tested in the northeastern Poland.Material and methods: A risk model referring to the damage of forest stands by wind specifies, for every stand in a selected forest district, the risk factor within the range of 0 to 3. The higher value of the factor, the greater risk of damage, if wind occurs. The model was based on 11 features: average size of a tree stand, mean diameter breast high in the specified features’ ratio, species composition, degree of stand density, age of stand, forest site type, amount of damage caused by wind in the last 10-year period, location of forest district in the region of Poland, and three features for mountains: stand’s altitude above sea level, direction, and slope. The model used information from the State Forests’ Information System database (SILP), and since it was developed in JAVA computer language, the processing of data for one forest district lasted less than one minute.Main results: The model can create a forest district digital map, in which stands characterized by specific risk values are presented with high prediction accuracy.Research highlights: The risk model of tree stand damage by winds uses data provided by the SILP and what was proven in below study, can be used as an effective tool in a forestry practice.

scholarly journals HEIGHT INCREMENT OF NATURALLY REGENERATED YOUNG FOREST STANDS OF SCOTS PINE PINUS SYLVESTRIS L. IN MYRTILLOSA FOREST SITE TYPE

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga MIEZĪTE ◽  
Ineta EGLĪTE ◽  
Solveiga LUGUZA ◽  
Imants LIEPA
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Initial Density ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Site Type ◽  
Young Forest

One of the most important stand productivity and competition indicators is height annual increment, which is affected by various factors such as soil preparation, initial density as well as various management risk factors. Empirical material for the research was collected in the northern part of Latvia. In four pure Scots pine stands in Myrtillosa forest site type 29 circular plots tree diameter, height and the last five years annual height increment was measured and visual state of health was described. The aim of this research is to analyse Scots pine height annual increment in naturally regenerated young forest stands in Myrtillosa site type forest stands and to give an evaluation of the impact of the initial stand density and the health status on height growth. The mean height increment in studied stands is 0.26 ± 0.009 m and the average periodical increment is 0.37 ± 0.042 m. The annual height increment has been in the height range from 0.23 to 0.53 m. Initial stand density affects the annual height increment significantly. In the stand with an initial density of 5770 ± 961 trees the height increment during the last five years has risen by 36%, but in stand with initial density of 12,650 ± 1,581 trees (P = 51.8 % and R = 6.0 %) the height increment during the five-years period has increased by only 12 %. The tree health status does not affect the tree height increment significantly.

scholarly journals Vegetation diversity of the Scots pine stands in different forest sites in the Turawa Forest District

2014 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Stefańska-Krzaczek ◽  
Paweł Pech
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Indicator Species ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Tree Stand ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Site Type ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Pine Stands ◽  
Scots Pine Stands ◽  
Site Types

Abstract The utility of phytocenotic indices in the diagnosis and classification of forest sites might be limited because of vegetation degeneration in managed forests. However, even in secondary communities it may be possible to determine indicator species, although these may differ from typical and well known plant indicators. The aim of this work was to assess the vegetation diversity of Scots pine stands in representative forest site types along a moisture and fertility gradient. In total 120 sample plots from Turawa forests were included in the study. These plots represented young (21-40 years) and old (> 80 years) Scots-pine-dominated stands. The forest sites were categorised according to Polish site classification. Four site categories were studied: Bśw (very nutrient-poor and mesic sites), BMśw (nutrient-poor and mesic sites), BMw (nutrient-poor and moist sites), LMw (quite nutrient-rich and moist sites). The species composition of the forest patches studied hardly differed among forest site types. Almost all of the vegetation in site Bśw was different from both moist site types (BMw and LMw). Sites Bśw and LMw had the exclusive species determined as site indicators. Moreover, young stands had their own site type indicator species which differed from old stands. Numerical classification showed that only two plant communities were widespread: Leucobryo- Pinetum in Bśw and BMśw, and the community of Pinus sylvestris and Molinia caerulea in BMśw, BMw, LMw. In secondary communities typical indicator species may not be useful, but it is possible to determinate species that are locally unique to forest site type. Despite the convergence in the composition of the plant community resulting from tree stand unification, plant communities have the capacity for a more diverse composition. Tree stand conversion can increase phytocenotic diversity

scholarly journals GROUND COVER VEGETATION DEVELOPMENT IN HYLOCOMIOSA FOREST SITE TYPE AFTER THE CLEARCUT

AGROFOR ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aigars INDRIKSONS ◽  
Edgars DUBROVSKIS ◽  
Lelde HERMANE ◽  
Andis KALNINS
Keyword(s):  
Forest Disturbance ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Tree Stand ◽  
Vegetation Development ◽  
Moss Species ◽  
Site Type ◽  
Ground Cover Vegetation ◽  
Site Types

Most of the ground cover vegetation descriptions given for characteristic of certainforest site types are made for mature forest stands. However the site typeestimation for the practical forest inventory needs knowledge about the vegetationin every age class of forest. The clearcut as an artificial forest disturbance causesdramatically changes in plant community. Especially fast changes proceed duringthe first years after the clearcut. Due to increase of temperature and nutrientavailability there proceeds several processes causing significant changes in groundcover vegetation. In 2015 a research was started to clarify the changes in groundcover vegetation in Hylocomiosa forest site type. This forest site type is mostabundant in Latvian forests taking around 22%. The dominant tree species inHylocomiosa is Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) although the silver birch (Betulapendula Roth), Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karsten) and aspen (Populustremula L.) can form a tree stand there. The chronosequence method was used byproviding the inventory at 5 tree stands dominated by pine. Six sample plots ateach forest stand with size of 10 m2 were established. The point-square method byusing of 1mm thick and 1m high metallic needle was used for registration of plantsat each square of sample plot. The inventory showed significant changes of speciescomposition and projective cover of moss species and caulescent plants. Theresults of calculation of the Ellenberg’s ecological values and Tschekanovskycoefficient suggest of appearance of plants with another attitude to the ecologicalfactors.

scholarly journals QuickBird image-based estimation of tree stand density using local maxima filtering method: A case study in a Beijing forest

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. e0208256
Author(s):  
Shuhan Wang ◽  
Xiaoli Zhang ◽  
Mohammed Abdelmanan Hassan ◽  
Qi Chen ◽  
Chaokui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stand Density ◽  
Tree Stand ◽  
Local Maxima ◽  
Filtering Method

scholarly journals A Combination of Chest Radiography and Estimated Plasma Volume May Predict In-Hospital Mortality in Acute Heart Failure

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatake Kobayashi ◽  
Amine Douair ◽  
Stefano Coiro ◽  
Gaetan Giacomin ◽  
Adrien Bassand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Pulmonary Congestion ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
High Prediction ◽  
Score Index

Background: Patients with heart failure (HF) often display dyspnea associated with pulmonary congestion, along with intravascular congestion, both may result in urgent hospitalization and subsequent death. A combination of radiographic pulmonary congestion and plasma volume might screen patients with a high risk of in-hospital mortality in the emergency department (ED).Methods: In the pathway of dyspneic patients in emergency (PARADISE) cohort, patients admitted for acute HF were stratified into 4 groups based on high or low congestion score index (CSI, ranging from 0 to 3, high value indicating severe congestion) and estimated plasma volume status (ePVS) calculated from hemoglobin/hematocrit.Results: In a total of 252 patients (mean age, 81.9 years; male, 46.8%), CSI and ePVS were not correlated (Spearman rho <0 .10, p > 0.10). High CSI/high ePVS was associated with poorer renal function, but clinical congestion markers (i.e., natriuretic peptide) were comparable across CSI/ePVS categories. High CSI/high ePVS was associated with a four-fold higher risk of in-hospital mortality (adjusted-OR, 95%CI = 4.20, 1.10-19.67) compared with low CSI/low ePVS, whereas neither high CSI nor ePVS alone was associated with poor prognosis (all-p-value > 0.10; Pinteraction = 0.03). High CSI/high ePVS improved a routine risk model (i.e., natriuretic peptide and lactate)(NRI = 46.9%, p = 0.02), resulting in high prediction of risk of in-hospital mortality (AUC = 0.85, 0.82-0.89).Conclusion: In patients hospitalized for acute HF with relatively old age and comorbidity burdens, a combination of CSI and ePVS was associated with a risk of in-hospital death, and improved prognostic performance on top of a conventional risk model.

Tree diversity and natural regeneration in Tropical Dry Deciduous Forest of Panna Tiger Reserve, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talat Parveen ◽  
Orus Ilyas
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Tectona Grandis ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Tree Stand ◽  
Tiger Reserve ◽  
Dry Deciduous Forest

Abstract The disturbance is a major factor driving the decline of tropical forests and their associated fauna. Henceforth, basic information on species diversity would be useful for assessing the success of management in the fragmented and human-disturbed landscape. We accounted for tree species diversity and their regeneration pattern from the tropical dry deciduous forest of Panna Tiger Reserve (PTR), India. Considering this, random vegetation sampling along with transects was carried out in different ranges of PTR. It is spread over in an area of 2998.98 km2 that situated in the northern part of Madhya Pradesh and distributed in Panna and Chhatarpur district. The tropical dry deciduous forest inventory in the 10.6132-ha area yielded a total of 46 woody species of > 10 cm GBH, belonged to 23 Families and 40 genera. The regeneration represented 27 species of < 30 cm height (seedling) under 16 families and 24 genera while sapling, which ranges from > 30cm to 1.3m, showed 24 species of 13 families and 32 genera. The Shannon diversity of Trees, seedlings, and saplings was 2.684, 2.525, and 2.401 respectively. A total stand density and basal area of 2391 stems of trees were estimated as 225.285 stand ha− 1 and 90.016 m2ha− 1 respectively. Tectona grandis scored the highest IVI value of 59.44 (19.81% of total IVI for all species) among the dominated tree species, followed by Acacia catechu (24.94), Abrus precatorius (23.25), Zizyphus xylopyra (22.94), Anogeissus latifolia (22.16) and Lagerstroemia parviflora (22.18). Nearly 23.913% of the total number of species was recorded as rare species. The highest seedling density was obtained for Diospyros melanoxylon followed by Zizyphus xylopyra, Aegle marmelos, Wrightia tintoria, and Tectona grandis, which declined in the subsequent sapling stage and showed a reverse pattern. Hence, the highest sapling density was recorded for Tectona grandis then Aegle marmelos, Wrightia tintoria, Diospyros melanoxylon, and Zizyphus xylopyra. A total of 36.956% of tree species were found to fail to establish in the community because species were represented by only adult or tree stage that listed as Not-regenerating. In terms of the most diverse family among the plant categories; viz. Tree, Seedling, Sapling, Fabaceae had the highest species richness. The highest tree stand density (127.576 stand ha− 1) was recorded in the girth class of 31-60cm (48.687% of the total tree stand density) followed by 10-30cm and 61-90cm. Likewise, a total basal area of 20.824 m2ha− 1 was occupied by 31-60cm that contributed 23.051% of the total basal area, so our data on the population structure of forest shows a similar trend wherein the distribution curve exponentially decreases with increasing girth classes that indicates not only a mid-successional forest but also a human-disturbed.

scholarly journals Characteristics of chosen biometric features of European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) due to the age of trees and the forest site type

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Turczański ◽  
Katarzyna Kaźmierczak ◽  
Bogna Zawieja
Keyword(s):  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Floodplain Forest ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Diameter At Breast Height ◽  
Site Type ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Biometric Features ◽  
European Ash ◽  
Site Types

The dieback of European ash contributes the disappearance of the species from the typical ash sites such as floodplain forests or alder-ash forests. The species occurs more often in moist broadleaved forests and fresh broadleaved forests. Therefore, the main objective of our study was to determine the influence of ash age and the forest site type on the chosen biometric features of dominant and codominant trees. We also aimed to compare the sizes of European ash growing in optimal forest site types with less fertile ones, where it does not occur as the main species. We collected the empirical material from 25 plots representing 4 forest site types: fresh broadleaved forest, moist broadleaved forest, floodplain forest, and alder-ash forest. The research plots were located in the Babki, Konstantynowo, and Łopuchówko Forest Districts, western Poland. The age of ash varied from 52 to 144 years. On each plot, we measured a tree height and a diameter at breast height of 15 dominant and codominant ash trees. Subsequently, we used measured features to calculate the volume of each tree. We carried out the analysis of covariance of diameter at breast height, height, and volume. The analysis showed the strong relationship of examined features with the age of the species and the forest site type. Furthermore, our results indicated the underestimation of the growth possibilities of European ash in fresh broadleaved forest and moist broadleaved forest. In these sites, ash achieved similar sizes in comparison to optimal forest site types, i.e. floodplain forest and alder-ash forest. This result cannot be omitted in forestry practice, especially in silviculture, which should aim to support the natural regeneration of European ash in differentiated site conditions. Keywords: European ash, forest site type, age of a tree, biometric features

scholarly journals SOME PRINCIPLES OF FOREST SITE-TYPE CLASSIFICATION

1951 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kabzems
Keyword(s):  
Forest Site ◽  
Site Type ◽  
Type Classification
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