Paravaginal female adnexal tumor of probable Wolffian origin mimicking vaginal spindle cell epithelioma on biopsy

Female adnexal tumor of probable wolffian origin (FATWO) is a tumor of low malignant potential that arises predominantly in the broad ligament, mesosalpinx, and ovarian hilus. The rarity of FATWO increases its susceptibility to misdiagnosis as other tumors, especially when it occurs at an unusual site. We report a 29-year-old woman with a 7.2 cm left paravaginal FATWO that invaded into the vaginal lumen. The initial biopsy demonstrated features suggestive of vaginal spindle cell epithelioma, but with increased Ki67 proliferation index. Pathologists should be aware that the common sieve-like architecture of FATWO may not be apparent on small biopsies, which by sampling error may demonstrate predominantly the less common spindle cell architecture. Awareness of FATWO in the differential diagnosis of paravaginal tumors may help to avoid misinterpretation as vaginal spindle cell epithelioma, a previously unappreciated pitfall in the diagnosis of FATWO.

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Low-Grade Fibromyxoid Sarcoma: A Brief Review

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2006-130-1358-lfsabr ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 130 (9) ◽

pp. 1358-1360 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Stephen E. Vernon ◽

Pablo A. Bejarano

Keyword(s):

Spindle Cell ◽

Fusion Gene ◽

Cytogenetic Abnormality ◽

Low Grade ◽

Deep Soft Tissue ◽

Balanced Translocation ◽

Linear Arrangement ◽

Myxoid Stroma ◽

Fibromyxoid Sarcoma ◽

The Common

Abstract Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcomas are uncommon deep soft tissue neoplasms first described by Evans in 1987. They exhibit a deceptively benign appearance, with a whorled or linear arrangement of spindle-shaped cells showing few to absent mitoses. A characteristic, but not specific, feature is the presence of areas of myxoid stroma. Recurrences are common, and late metastases have been recorded. A closely related but morphologically distinct tumor, the so-called hyalinizing spindle cell tumor with giant rosettes, has also been described; both neoplasms share the same cytogenetic abnormality, a balanced translocation resulting in a FUS/CREB3L2 fusion gene. Because of similar clinical behavior and the common cytogenetic abnormality, some authors prefer to consider both lesions as a single entity within the spectrum of low-grade sarcomas.

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Extragingival benign growth-Case report at a rare site

International Journal of Oral Health Dentistry ◽

10.18231/j.ijohd.2021.045 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 223-225

Author(s):

Merlin Thomas ◽

Leena Shettar

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Pyogenic Granuloma ◽

Final Diagnosis ◽

Unusual Site ◽

Vascular Neoplasm ◽

Lower Lip ◽

Betel Quid Chewing ◽

Rare Site ◽

The Common ◽

Atypical Presentations

To present a case report of extragingival pyogenic granuloma on lower lip which is an uncommon site for pathological entity and also to emphasize the reason for its occurrence. Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a benign vascular neoplasm more often appear as lobulated or smooth red nodular lesion commonly in gingiva. Extragingival occurrence of PG is very rare. The present article reports a rare case of 55-year-old female with PG presenting rapid growing mass on the lower lip. This article highlights the possibility on the reason for its occurrence which is important for the diagnosis in this atypical location. The primary etiology of lower lip lesion is trauma and contributory factors being poor oral hygiene and betel quid chewing. Pyogenic granuloma is one of the common lesions in oral cavity. This article highlights the pyogenic granuloma on lip which is an unusual site. Although it can be diagnosed clinically, atypical presentations lead to inappropriate diagnosis. Therefore, further investigation by biopsy confirms final diagnosis upon which treatment is instituted.

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MED12, TERT and RARA in fibroepithelial tumours of the breast

Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1136/jclinpath-2019-206208 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 73 (1) ◽

pp. 51-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Huan Ying Chang ◽

Valerie Cui Yun Koh ◽

Nur Diyana Md Nasir ◽

Cedric Chuan Young Ng ◽

Peiyong Guan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genome Sequencing ◽

Spindle Cell ◽

Subjective Assessment ◽

Accurate Diagnosis ◽

Genetic Mutations ◽

Whole Genome ◽

Spindle Cell Tumours ◽

The Common ◽

Diagnostic Applications ◽

Phyllodes Tumours

Fibroepithelial tumours are biphasic neoplasms of the breast comprising the common benign fibroadenomas and the less common phyllodes tumours (PTs), which have recurrent potential. PTs are classified into benign, borderline or malignant, based on five histopathological criteria, with malignant PTs having the highest metastatic capability. Accurate diagnosis can be challenging due to the subjective assessment of histopathological parameters. Fibroadenomas bear morphological similarities to benign PTs, while borderline and malignant PTs can sometimes be difficult to distinguish from other spindle cell tumours of the breast. From clonality studies to whole-genome sequencing, much research has been conducted to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of fibroepithelial tumours, which, in turn, have allowed leveraging the findings for diagnostic applications, including grading of PTs. The most noteworthy discovery was of recurrent MED12 mutations in both fibroadenomas and PTs. Subsequent studies also uncovered relatively frequent genetic mutations in TERT promoter and RARA. A customised panel of 16 most frequently mutated genes in fibroepithelial tissues has been compiled previously and has contributed to resolving a few diagnostic dilemmas. This review will introduce the 16 genes and focus on the top three that are most frequently mutated in fibroepithelial tumours: MED12, TERT, and RARA.

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Improved sampling of wildlife populations using airborne surveys

Wildlife Research ◽

10.1071/wr00045 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 269 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

W. M. Khaemba ◽

A. Stein

Keyword(s):

Adaptive Sampling ◽

Sampling Design ◽

Adaptive Design ◽

Sampling Error ◽

Simple Random Sampling ◽

Parameter Estimates ◽

Systematic Design ◽

The Common ◽

Wildlife Populations ◽

Connochaetes Taurinus

Parameter estimates, obtained from airborne surveys of wildlife populations, often have large bias and large standard errors. Sampling error is one of the major causes of this imprecision and the occurrence of many animals in herds violates the common assumptions in traditional sampling designs like systematic or simple random sampling even when stratification is used. In this paper, we present an adaptive sampling design that uses criteria of observed animal counts to maximise sample information and that is independent of the usual assumption of a uniform distribution for wildlife populations. For illustration, the design is applied to data derived from a survey carried out in the Masai Mara ecosystem (Mara) of Kenya, with a focus on three species: elephant (Loxodonta africana), kongoni (Alcelaphus buselaphus) and wildebeest (Connochaetes taurinus). The sampling design's more efficient estimates show an improvement on those from conventional systematic design, with a greater than 10 times reduction in estimated bias and a 37% lowering of the standard error. The adaptive design, however, underestimates population totals for species in large herds, while a multivariate extension gives only marginal improvements.

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Spindle-cell Hemangioendothelioma of the Posterior Pharyngeal Wall

Ear Nose & Throat Journal ◽

10.1177/014556130508400616 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 84 (6) ◽

pp. 362-365 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Himani Lade ◽

Neelima Gupta ◽

P.P. Singh ◽

Geeta Dev

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Spindle Cell ◽

Posterior Pharyngeal Wall ◽

Vascular Lesion ◽

Diagnostic Dilemma ◽

Unusual Site ◽

Pharyngeal Wall ◽

Aggressive Tumors

Spindle-cell hemangioendothelioma is an uncommon vascular lesion that exhibits a predilection for the extremities. Very few reports have been published describing this lesion in the head and neck, and to the best of our knowledge, its occurrence in the oropharynx has not been previously reported. In addition to reporting an unusual site of this lesion, our rationale for publishing this case is to comment on the diagnostic dilemma that arose in view of an unclear clinicohistopathologic pattern and to discuss this lesion's similarity to other aggressive tumors.

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Atypical Central Neurocytoma With Sarcomatous Differentiation

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/arpa.2012-0563-cr ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 138 (9) ◽

pp. 1233-1237 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lakshmi Vemavarapu ◽

Irene Czyszczon ◽

Joseph C. Parker ◽

Stephanie Wagner ◽

Todd Vitaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spindle Cell ◽

Central Neurocytoma ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Sarcomatous Component ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Spindle Cells ◽

Left Lateral Ventricle ◽

Mitotic Figures ◽

Occipital Horn ◽

Atypical Central Neurocytoma

We report a case of an intraventricular tumor with features of atypical central neurocytoma with a sarcomatous component in a 44-year-old woman who presented with headaches and vomiting. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 3.4-cm lobulated enhancing mass in the occipital horn of the left lateral ventricle, and the patient subsequently underwent a left occipital-parietal craniotomy for debulking. The tumor contained 2 cell populations: round cells with perinuclear halos in a fibrillary background, and spindle cells with oval nuclei arranged in interlacing fascicles with focal necrosis. The round cells had diffuse synaptophysin immunopositivity, while the spindle cells were diffusely immunopositive for vimentin and had intercellular reticulin. The mitotic activity (8 mitotic figures per 10 high-power fields) and the high Ki-67 proliferation index (15.0%) were consistent with atypical central neurocytoma with a sarcomatous component. Although different histologic variants have been described, this is the first reported case, to our knowledge, of central neurocytoma with spindle cell sarcomatous features.

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Hyalinizing Spindle Cell Tumor with Giant Rosettes of the Broad Ligament

Gynecologic Oncology ◽

10.1006/gyno.2001.6368 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 405-408 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Albert Peter Fras ◽

Snježana Frković-Grazio

Keyword(s):

Spindle Cell ◽

Broad Ligament ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Spindle Cell Tumor

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Mixed Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma with Spindle Cell and Clear Cell Features in the Extrahepatic Bile Duct

Case Reports in Pathology ◽

10.1155/2014/347949 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

John Wysocki ◽

Rishi Agarwal ◽

Laura Bratton ◽

Jeremy Nguyen ◽

Mandy Crause Weidenhaft ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bile Duct ◽

Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽

Spindle Cell ◽

Clear Cell ◽

Extrahepatic Bile Duct ◽

Large Cell ◽

Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽

Duct Carcinoma ◽

First Case ◽

The Common

Mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas, spindle cell carcinomas, and clear cell carcinomas are all rare tumors in the biliary tract. We present the first case, to our knowledge, of an extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma composed of all three types. A 65-year-old man with prior cholecystectomy presented with painless jaundice, vomiting, and weight loss. CA19-9 and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were elevated. Cholangioscopy revealed a friable mass extending from the middle of the common bile duct to the common hepatic duct. A bile duct excision was performed. Gross examination revealed a 3.6 cm intraluminal polypoid tumor. Microscopically, the tumor had foci of conventional adenocarcinoma (CK7-positive and CA19-9-postive) surrounded by malignant-appearing spindle cells that were positive for cytokeratins and vimentin. Additionally, there were separate areas of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC). Foci of clear cell carcinoma merged into both the LCNEC and the adenocarcinoma. Tumor invaded through the bile duct wall with extensive perineural and vascular invasion. Circumferential margins were positive. The patient’s poor performance status precluded adjuvant therapy and he died with recurrent and metastatic disease 5 months after surgery. This is consistent with the reported poor survival rates of biliary mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinomas.

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