scholarly journals TERRESTRIAL RADIANT ENERGY EXCHANGES ACROSS TROPOPAUSE OVER PUNE

MAUSAM ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-368
Author(s):  
V. DESIKAN ◽  
K. JAYARAMAN ◽  
S.P. BHAGWAT
Keyword(s):  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Energy Exchanges

Fort nightly auuusphe ric sound ings """ilh radiomete r are bei ng made al Pu ne after th e sunset Thedam obtained o ver an (" iih t yea r pe riod. 1978-1985 an d on occasions ....'hen th ese so unl.Hnis reac hed stratosp hereh aw bee n studied in o rde r 10 obta in a pictu re of th e terr estri al radiant ene rgy excha nges (infrared rad iative !luxexchanges) Berms the tropopause. It is Iound th ai th e tropopause .:ene raJly loses energy almust th rough out the yearexceru du ring the monso on period . Th e net lo ss in rad iant euC' rgy by the tropo pause is 1.4Wm - ~. Th e losses in th epre-monsoo n and th e post -monsoon pe riod s are respectivel y 3.4 Wm - =an d 41 Wrn - ~ . whereas the gai n du ring th emonsoon .'Il!'IIS(ln is 5.2 Wm - : . Winh' r losses amo um rc 6.ft Wm - ~ , These valu es. however, vary wide ly in individualca ses depc nding upon th e sky cover. ROl l the d epth nf water vapo ur ..:o lumo .

scholarly journals The Polar Radiant Energy in the Far InfraRed Experiment: A New Perspective on Polar Longwave Energy Exchanges

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-46
Author(s):  
Tristan S. L’Ecuyer ◽  
Brian J. Drouin ◽  
James Anheuser ◽  
Meredith Grames ◽  
David Henderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Emission ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Spectral Variation ◽  
Energy Exchanges

AbstractThe Earth’s climate is strongly influenced by energy deficits at the poles that emit more thermal energy than they receive from the sun. Energy exchanges between the surface and atmosphere influence the local environment while heat transport from lower latitudes drives midlatitude atmospheric and oceanic circulations. In the Arctic, in particular, local energy imbalances induce strong seasonality in surface-atmosphere heat exchanges and an acute sensitivity to forced climate variations. Despite these important local and global influences, the largest contributions to the polar atmospheric and surface energy budgets have not been fully characterized. The spectral variation of far-infrared radiation that makes up 60% of polar thermal emission has never been systematically measured impeding progress toward consensus in predicted rates of Arctic warming, sea ice decline, and ice sheet melt.Enabled by recent advances in sensor miniaturization and CubeSat technology, the Polar Radiant Energy in the Far InfraRed Experiment (PREFIRE) mission will document, for the first time, the spectral, spatial, and temporal variations of polar far-infrared emission. Selected under NASA’s Earth Ventures Instrument (EVI) program, PREFIRE will utilize new light weight, low-power, ambient temperature detectors capable of measuring at wavelengths up to 50 micrometers to quantify Earth’s far-infrared spectrum. Estimates of spectral surface emissivity, water vapor, cloud properties, and the atmospheric greenhouse effect derived from these measurements offer the potential to advance our understanding of the factors that modulate thermal fluxes in the cold, dry conditions characteristic of the polar regions.

Finite-element view-factor computations for radiant energy exchanges

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 033108 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Muneer ◽  
S. Ivanova ◽  
Y. Kotak ◽  
M. Gul
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
View Factor ◽  
Energy Exchanges

Evaluation of net shortwave radiation over China with a regional climate model

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-163
Author(s):  
X Liu ◽  
Y Kang ◽  
Q Liu ◽  
Z Guo ◽  
Y Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Climate Model ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Monsoon Region ◽  
Clear Sky ◽  
Sky Conditions

The regional climate model RegCM version 4.6, developed by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reanalysis, was used to simulate the radiation budget over China. Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) satellite data were utilized to evaluate the simulation results based on 4 radiative components: net shortwave (NSW) radiation at the surface of the earth and top of the atmosphere (TOA) under all-sky and clear-sky conditions. The performance of the model for low-value areas of NSW was superior to that for high-value areas. NSW at the surface and TOA under all-sky conditions was significantly underestimated; the spatial distribution of the bias was negative in the north and positive in the south, bounded by 25°N for the annual and seasonal averaged difference maps. Compared with the all-sky condition, the simulation effect under clear-sky conditions was significantly better, which indicates that the cloud fraction is the key factor affecting the accuracy of the simulation. In particular, the bias of the TOA NSW under the clear-sky condition was <±10 W m-2 in the eastern areas. The performance of the model was better over the eastern monsoon region in winter and autumn for surface NSW under clear-sky conditions, which may be related to different levels of air pollution during each season. Among the 3 areas, the regional average biases overall were largest (negative) over the Qinghai-Tibet alpine region and smallest over the eastern monsoon region.

A Study of the Abundance of Some Adult Culicine Mosquitoes in Ten Villages of Chitwan District, Nepal

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 103-112
Author(s):  
Vaijayanti Devi Neupane ◽  
Ishan Gautam ◽  
A. S. Tamrakar ◽  
Shambhu Raj Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Natural History Museum ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Post Monsoon

A study was carried out at 10 villages of Chitwan District of Nepal during August-September, 1997 to March- April, 1998. A total of 12 species among 1197 samples were collected. Culex quinquefasciatus, Cx. fuscocephala, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. gelidus, Cx. thelieri were previously reported, vector of different mosquito born diseases were recorded. Cx. quinquefasciatus was the most abundant both in post monsoon (26.90%) and pre monsoon (18.7%). Highest resting density (Human) of 9.33 was recorded in Post Monsoon at 25.75º C in Champanagar. Indoor resting density (Cattle) was highest in Suryapur at 22º C in Post Monsoon. The highest outdoor density (0.22) was at 22.5º C in Kholesimal in Pre Monsoon. Resting habit of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus & Cx. mimulus was infinitive in Post Monsoon.  Key Words:  Culex; JE Filariasis;  Abundant;  Resting habit; Chitwan. Journal of Natural History Museum Vol. 24, 2009,Page: 103-113 

Methods for assessing territory pollution by oil or petroleum product spills

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-146
Author(s):  
S. I. Chelombitko ◽  
V. V. Piven
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Radiant Energy ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Oil And Gas Fields ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Destructive Processes ◽  
Gas Fields

During the development of oil and gas fields and transportation of hydrocarbons, the ecology of regions is subject to various negative impacts. The most severe consequences for the environment are caused by accidental spills of oil or petroleum products, which occur due to through damage to pipelines. Polluted territories are subject to mandatory reclamation in accordance with government regulations and industry regulations. However, despite the measures taken by the administrations of the northern regions to increase the rate of reclamation of damaged territories in recent years, there has been a trend of growth of areas contaminated with hydrocarbons.Various remediation technologies that have been tested in warm and temperate climates are not very effective in regions with permafrost. Pollution of the daytime surface with oil or petroleum products leads to an increase in the absorption of the sun's radiant energy, the growth of the seasonal thaw layer and the development of destructive processes for the territory. To achieve a positive effect as a result of rehabilitation measures, it is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of the territory and the extent of its pollution.

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