Evaluation of fetal middle cerebral artery Doppler indices in pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction: A cross-sectional study

Background: Determination of stunting and wasting always uses the WHO growth standard in Indonesia. However, it is believed that Indonesian children are “below” the global standard, thus the WHO standard is not reliable to present the actual prevalence. This study aims to compare the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight using WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in Musi sub-district, East Nusa Tenggara province in July 2019. East Nusa Tenggara province had the highest prevalence of stunting and underweight in Indonesia. The study population were children under five, and total sampling method was used for this study. Length/height-for-age and weight-for-age were plotted using WHO standard and national Indonesian reference. Univariate and multivariate binomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of stunting and underweight were higher for the WHO standard than the national reference (53.9% vs 10.7% and 29.17% vs 17.7%; all p < 0.001). After adjusted for confounding factors, when the WHO standard was used, determinants of stunting were maternal mid-upper arm circumference below 23.5cm and maternal height below 150cm; determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction, young maternal age during pregnancy, and multiple parities. When the national reference was used, no determinants was found for stunting; the determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction and maternal education. Conclusions: The WHO standard is not suitable for representing child growth in Musi sub-district. Future studies should be done to re-evaluate the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight nationwide using the national Indonesian reference.

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Comparison of WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference in determining prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight in children under five: a cross-sectional study from Musi sub-district

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.23156.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 324

Author(s):

Jeannie Flynn ◽

Firas Farisi Alkaff ◽

William Putera Sukmajaya ◽

Sovia Salamah

Keyword(s):

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Under Five ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

National Reference ◽

Growth Standard ◽

Growth Reference

Background: Determination of stunting and wasting always uses the WHO growth standard in Indonesia. However, it is believed that Indonesian children are “below” the global standard, thus the WHO standard is not reliable to present the actual prevalence. This study aims to compare the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight using WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in Musi sub-district, East Nusa Tenggara province in July 2019. East Nusa Tenggara province had the highest prevalence of stunting and underweight in Indonesia. The study population were children under five, and total sampling method was used for this study. Length/height-for-age and weight-for-age were plotted using WHO standard and national Indonesian reference. Univariate and multivariate binomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of stunting and underweight were higher for the WHO standard than the national reference (53.9% vs 10.7% and 29.17% vs 17.7%; all p < 0.001). After adjusted for confounding factors, when the WHO standard was used, determinants of stunting were maternal mid-upper arm circumference below 23.5cm and maternal height below 150cm; determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction, young maternal age during pregnancy, and multiple parities. When the national reference was used, no determinants was found for stunting; the determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction and maternal education. Conclusions: The WHO standard is not suitable for representing child growth in Musi sub-district. Future studies should be done to re-evaluate the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight nationwide using the national Indonesian reference.

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Comparison of WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference in determining prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight in children under five: a cross-sectional study from Musi sub-district

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.23156.3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 324

Author(s):

Jeannie Flynn ◽

Firas Farisi Alkaff ◽

William Putera Sukmajaya ◽

Sovia Salamah

Keyword(s):

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Under Five ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

National Reference ◽

Growth Standard ◽

Growth Reference

Background: Determination of stunting and wasting always uses the WHO growth standard in Indonesia. However, it is believed that Indonesian children are “below” the global standard, thus the WHO standard is not reliable to present the actual prevalence. This study aims to compare the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight using WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in Musi sub-district, East Nusa Tenggara province in July 2019. East Nusa Tenggara province had the highest prevalence of stunting and underweight in Indonesia. The study population were children under five, and total sampling method was used for this study. Length/height-for-age and weight-for-age were plotted using WHO standard and national Indonesian reference. Univariate and multivariate binomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of stunting and underweight were higher for the WHO standard than the national reference (53.9% vs 10.7% and 29.17% vs 17.7%; all p < 0.001). After adjusted for confounding factors, when the WHO standard was used, determinants of stunting were maternal mid-upper arm circumference below 23.5cm and maternal height below 150cm; determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction, young maternal age during pregnancy, and multiple parities. When the national reference was used, no determinants was found for stunting; the determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction and maternal education. Conclusions: The WHO standard is not suitable for representing child growth in Musi sub-district. Future studies should be done to re-evaluate the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight nationwide using the national Indonesian reference.

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Outcomes of Neonates in Pregnancies with Intrauterine Growth Restriction in Developing Countries: A Cross-sectional Study Over a Period of 6 Months

Gynecology & Obstetrics ◽

10.4172/2161-0932.1000434 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 07 (04) ◽

Author(s):

Karthik Chandra Bassetty ◽

Pranay Phukan ◽

Reena Dutta Ahmed ◽

Reeta Borah

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Intrauterine Growth

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Comparison of WHO and Indonesian growth standards in determining prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight in children under five: a cross-sectional study from Musi sub-district

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.23156.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 324

Author(s):

Jeannie Flynn ◽

Firas Farisi Alkaff ◽

William Putera Sukmajaya ◽

Sovia Salamah

Keyword(s):

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

National Standard ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Children Under Five ◽

Growth Standards ◽

Under Five ◽

Intrauterine Growth

Background: Undernutrition among children under five continues to be a critical global public health challenge, especially in developing countries. However, it is believed that Indonesian children are “below” the global standard, thus the WHO standard is not reliable to present the actual prevalence. This study aims to compare the difference between WHO and Indonesian growth standards regarding prevalence of stunting and underweight and its determinants. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in Musi sub-district, East Nusa Tenggara province in July 2019. East Nusa Tenggara province had the highest prevalence of stunting and underweight in Indonesia. The study population were children under five, and total sampling method was used for this study. Length/height-for-age and weight-for-age were plotted using WHO and national standards. Univariate and multivariate binomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of stunting and underweight were higher for the WHO than the national standard (53.9% vs 10.7% and 29.17% vs 17.7%; all p < 0.001). Determinants of stunting were maternal mid-upper arm circumference below 23.5cm and maternal height below 150cm when the WHO standard was used, and no determinant was found when the national standard was used. Determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction, young maternal age during pregnancy, and multiple parities when the WHO standard was used. When the national standard was used, the determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction and maternal education. Conclusions: The WHO standard over-diagnosed stunting and underweight in Musi sub-district. Future studies should be done to re-evaluate the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight nationwide using the Indonesian standard.

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UTERINE ARTERY DOPPLER INDICES AS PREDICTIVE MEASURES FOR THE PRE-ECLAMPSIA AND INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION

Journal of Humanities, Social and Management Sciences (JHSMS) ◽

10.54112/bcsrj.v2020i1.23 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (1) ◽

Author(s):

MN Rashid ◽

M Kari ◽

R Rashid ◽

MA Rana ◽

A Amjad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Uterine Artery ◽

Growth Restriction ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Maternal Complications ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Uterine Artery Doppler ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Pregnant Females ◽

Doppler Indices

Preeclampsia and Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) remains as the important causes for the neonatal and maternal complications leading to even death in some cases. Uterine artery Doppler USG can be done transvaginally or trans abdominal and performed in the 1st or 2nd trimester of the pregnancy to detect these complications Doppler waveform suggested the high vascular resistance to blood flow. In our present study, we conclude uterine artery Doppler indices as prognostic procedure for the preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. A cross-sectional survey design with convenient sampling technique was used. Mixture of standardized and self-modified structured questionnaire was undertaken to determine the indices of pre eclampsia and IUGR by uterine artery. The data was collected from Bahria International Hospital, Lahore during the period of 9 months. This study was included 162 pregnant females with identification of the main uterine artery on a longitudinal scan lateral to the uterus. Initial diastolic notch of right and left side of the uterine artery waveforms was recorded. At every antenatal checkup, urine was tested for protein and blood pressure readings were taken to identify preeclampsia. Further analysis was done dividing patients as normotensive and those patients developing hypertension after 30 weeks of gestation. After delivery neonates observed for IUGR by head circumference and body weight. The study was concluded that from the total sample size of 162 pregnant females who undergoes uterine artery Doppler, 34% females shows diastolic notch and almost all of these later diagnosed with preeclampsia and 19.8% deliver babies with IUGR. So, based on the study, we have concluded that uterine artery Doppler is helpful to provide diagnosis of preeclampsia and IUGR in early pregnancy.

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Asthma prevalence, lung and cardiovascular function in adolescents born preterm

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-76614-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Maria Arroyas ◽

Cristina Calvo ◽

Santiago Rueda ◽

Maria Esquivias ◽

Cristina Gonzalez-Menchen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gestational Age ◽

Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Asthma Prevalence ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Global Function ◽

Current Asthma ◽

Intrauterine Growth ◽

Very Preterm

AbstractOur main objective was to study respiratory evolution and pulmonary and cardiac function in adolescents born preterm in the post-surfactant era. Observational cross-sectional study, comparing very preterm (< 32 weeks) and moderately-late preterm adolescents (≥ 32 weeks) (74 each group). We recorded respiratory symptoms, spirometry and functional echocardiogram. Very preterm adolescents required more respiratory admissions (45.9% vs. 28.4%) (p = 0.03, OR 2.1, CI95% 1.1–4.2) and had more current asthma (21.6% vs. 9.5%, p = 0.04, OR 2.3, CI95% 1.1–5.2). Preterm subjects with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) presented lower FEV1 (88.7 ± 13.9 vs. 95.9 ± 13.3, p = 0.027) and lower FVC (88.2 ± 13.6 vs. 95.5 ± 13.3, p = 0.025). When assessing right ventricle, very preterm showed a greater E/E’ ratio (p = 0.02) and longer myocardial performance index (MPI) (p = 0.001). Adolescents with IUGR showed less shortening fraction (p = 0.016), worse E/E′ ratio (p = 0.029) and longer MPI (p = 0.06). Regarding left ventricle, very preterm showed less E′ wave velocity (p = 0.03), greater E/E′ ratio (p = 0.005) and longer MPI (p < 0.001). Gestational age < 32 weeks is independently associated with current asthma in adolescence. Children 13–14 years old born very preterm required more respiratory admissions and had poorer diastolic and global function of both ventricles. IUGR is a risk factor for poorer lung function in preterm adolescents, regardless gestational age.

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