scholarly journals Asthma prevalence, lung and cardiovascular function in adolescents born preterm

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Arroyas ◽  
Cristina Calvo ◽  
Santiago Rueda ◽  
Maria Esquivias ◽  
Cristina Gonzalez-Menchen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Asthma Prevalence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Global Function ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Very Preterm

AbstractOur main objective was to study respiratory evolution and pulmonary and cardiac function in adolescents born preterm in the post-surfactant era. Observational cross-sectional study, comparing very preterm (< 32 weeks) and moderately-late preterm adolescents (≥ 32 weeks) (74 each group). We recorded respiratory symptoms, spirometry and functional echocardiogram. Very preterm adolescents required more respiratory admissions (45.9% vs. 28.4%) (p = 0.03, OR 2.1, CI95% 1.1–4.2) and had more current asthma (21.6% vs. 9.5%, p = 0.04, OR 2.3, CI95% 1.1–5.2). Preterm subjects with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) presented lower FEV1 (88.7 ± 13.9 vs. 95.9 ± 13.3, p = 0.027) and lower FVC (88.2 ± 13.6 vs. 95.5 ± 13.3, p = 0.025). When assessing right ventricle, very preterm showed a greater E/E’ ratio (p = 0.02) and longer myocardial performance index (MPI) (p = 0.001). Adolescents with IUGR showed less shortening fraction (p = 0.016), worse E/E′ ratio (p = 0.029) and longer MPI (p = 0.06). Regarding left ventricle, very preterm showed less E′ wave velocity (p = 0.03), greater E/E′ ratio (p = 0.005) and longer MPI (p < 0.001). Gestational age < 32 weeks is independently associated with current asthma in adolescence. Children 13–14 years old born very preterm required more respiratory admissions and had poorer diastolic and global function of both ventricles. IUGR is a risk factor for poorer lung function in preterm adolescents, regardless gestational age.

scholarly journals Comparison of WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference in determining prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight in children under five: a cross-sectional study from Musi sub-district

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Jeannie Flynn ◽  
Firas Farisi Alkaff ◽  
William Putera Sukmajaya ◽  
Sovia Salamah
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
National Reference ◽  
Growth Standard ◽  
Growth Reference

Background: Determination of stunting and wasting always uses the WHO growth standard in Indonesia. However, it is believed that Indonesian children are “below” the global standard, thus the WHO standard is not reliable to present the actual prevalence. This study aims to compare the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight using WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in Musi sub-district, East Nusa Tenggara province in July 2019. East Nusa Tenggara province had the highest prevalence of stunting and underweight in Indonesia. The study population were children under five, and total sampling method was used for this study. Length/height-for-age and weight-for-age were plotted using WHO standard and national Indonesian reference. Univariate and multivariate binomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of stunting and underweight were higher for the WHO standard than the national reference (53.9% vs 10.7% and 29.17% vs 17.7%; all p < 0.001). After adjusted for confounding factors, when the WHO standard was used, determinants of stunting were maternal mid-upper arm circumference below 23.5cm and maternal height below 150cm; determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction, young maternal age during pregnancy, and multiple parities. When the national reference was used, no determinants was found for stunting; the determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction and maternal education. Conclusions: The WHO standard is not suitable for representing child growth in Musi sub-district. Future studies should be done to re-evaluate the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight nationwide using the national Indonesian reference.

scholarly journals Comparison of WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference in determining prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight in children under five: a cross-sectional study from Musi sub-district

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Jeannie Flynn ◽  
Firas Farisi Alkaff ◽  
William Putera Sukmajaya ◽  
Sovia Salamah
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
National Reference ◽  
Growth Standard ◽  
Growth Reference

Background: Determination of stunting and wasting always uses the WHO growth standard in Indonesia. However, it is believed that Indonesian children are “below” the global standard, thus the WHO standard is not reliable to present the actual prevalence. This study aims to compare the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight using WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in Musi sub-district, East Nusa Tenggara province in July 2019. East Nusa Tenggara province had the highest prevalence of stunting and underweight in Indonesia. The study population were children under five, and total sampling method was used for this study. Length/height-for-age and weight-for-age were plotted using WHO standard and national Indonesian reference. Univariate and multivariate binomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of stunting and underweight were higher for the WHO standard than the national reference (53.9% vs 10.7% and 29.17% vs 17.7%; all p < 0.001). After adjusted for confounding factors, when the WHO standard was used, determinants of stunting were maternal mid-upper arm circumference below 23.5cm and maternal height below 150cm; determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction, young maternal age during pregnancy, and multiple parities. When the national reference was used, no determinants was found for stunting; the determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction and maternal education. Conclusions: The WHO standard is not suitable for representing child growth in Musi sub-district. Future studies should be done to re-evaluate the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight nationwide using the national Indonesian reference.

scholarly journals Comparison of WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference in determining prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight in children under five: a cross-sectional study from Musi sub-district

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Jeannie Flynn ◽  
Firas Farisi Alkaff ◽  
William Putera Sukmajaya ◽  
Sovia Salamah
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
National Reference ◽  
Growth Standard ◽  
Growth Reference

Background: Determination of stunting and wasting always uses the WHO growth standard in Indonesia. However, it is believed that Indonesian children are “below” the global standard, thus the WHO standard is not reliable to present the actual prevalence. This study aims to compare the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight using WHO growth standard and national Indonesian growth reference. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out in Musi sub-district, East Nusa Tenggara province in July 2019. East Nusa Tenggara province had the highest prevalence of stunting and underweight in Indonesia. The study population were children under five, and total sampling method was used for this study. Length/height-for-age and weight-for-age were plotted using WHO standard and national Indonesian reference. Univariate and multivariate binomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of stunting and underweight were higher for the WHO standard than the national reference (53.9% vs 10.7% and 29.17% vs 17.7%; all p < 0.001). After adjusted for confounding factors, when the WHO standard was used, determinants of stunting were maternal mid-upper arm circumference below 23.5cm and maternal height below 150cm; determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction, young maternal age during pregnancy, and multiple parities. When the national reference was used, no determinants was found for stunting; the determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction and maternal education. Conclusions: The WHO standard is not suitable for representing child growth in Musi sub-district. Future studies should be done to re-evaluate the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight nationwide using the national Indonesian reference.

scholarly journals Comparison of WHO and Indonesian growth standards in determining prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight in children under five: a cross-sectional study from Musi sub-district

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 324
Author(s):  
Jeannie Flynn ◽  
Firas Farisi Alkaff ◽  
William Putera Sukmajaya ◽  
Sovia Salamah
Keyword(s):  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Growth Standards ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Background: Undernutrition among children under five continues to be a critical global public health challenge, especially in developing countries. However, it is believed that Indonesian children are “below” the global standard, thus the WHO standard is not reliable to present the actual prevalence. This study aims to compare the difference between WHO and Indonesian growth standards regarding prevalence of stunting and underweight and its determinants. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in Musi sub-district, East Nusa Tenggara province in July 2019. East Nusa Tenggara province had the highest prevalence of stunting and underweight in Indonesia. The study population were children under five, and total sampling method was used for this study. Length/height-for-age and weight-for-age were plotted using WHO and national standards. Univariate and multivariate binomial logistic regression were used for statistical analysis. Results: The prevalence of stunting and underweight were higher for the WHO than the national standard (53.9% vs 10.7% and 29.17% vs 17.7%; all p < 0.001). Determinants of stunting were maternal mid-upper arm circumference below 23.5cm and maternal height below 150cm when the WHO standard was used, and no determinant was found when the national standard was used. Determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction, young maternal age during pregnancy, and multiple parities when the WHO standard was used. When the national standard was used, the determinants of underweight were intrauterine growth restriction and maternal education. Conclusions: The WHO standard over-diagnosed stunting and underweight in Musi sub-district. Future studies should be done to re-evaluate the prevalence and determinants of stunting and underweight nationwide using the Indonesian standard.

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Associated Factors Among Enteral Fed Preterm and Low Birth Weight Neonates Admitted in Selected Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110196
Author(s):  
Sitotaw Molla Mekonnen ◽  
Daniel Mengistu Bekele ◽  
Fikrtemariam Abebe Fenta ◽  
Addisu Dabi Wake
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains to be the most critical and frequent gastrointestinal disorder understood in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). The presented study was intended to assess the prevalence of NEC and associated factors among enteral Fed preterm and low birth weight neonates. Institution based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 350 enteral Fed preterm and low birth weight neonates who were admitted at selected public hospitals of Addis Ababa from March 25/2020 to May 10/2020. The data were collected through neonates’ medical record chart review. A total of 350 participants were enrolled in to the study with the response rate of 99.43%. One hundred eighty-four (52.6%) of them were male. The majority 123 (35.1%) of them were (32 + 1 to 34) weeks gestational age. The prevalence of NEC was (25.4%) (n = 89, [95% CI; 21.1, 30.0]). Being ≤28 weeks gestational age (AOR = 3.94, 95% CI [2.67, 9.97]), being (28 + 1 to 32 weeks) gestational age (AOR = 3.65, 95% CI [2.21, 8.31]), birth weight of 1000 to 1499 g (AOR = 2.29, 95% CI [1.22, 4.33]), APGAR score ≤3 (AOR = 2.34, 95% CI [1.32, 4.16]), prolonged labor (AOR = 2.21, 95% CI [1.35, 6.38]), maternal chronic disease particularly hypertension (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI [1.70, 5.90]), chorioamnionitis (AOR = 4.8, 95% CI [3.9, 13]), failure to breath/resuscitated (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI [1.7, 4.4]), CPAP ventilation (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI [1.50, 12.70]), mixed milk (AOR = 3.58, 95% CI [2.16, 9.32]) were factors significantly associated with NEC. Finally, the prevalence of NEC in the study area was high. So that, initiating the programs that could minimize this problem is required to avoid the substantial morbidity and mortality associated with NEC.

scholarly journals Use of electronic cigarettes and secondhand exposure to their aerosols are associated with asthma symptoms among adolescents: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Alnajem ◽  
Abdullah Redha ◽  
Dalal Alroumi ◽  
Ahmed Alshammasi ◽  
Mohamad Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Uncontrolled Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current Asthma ◽  
The Past ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Globally, a surge in electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has been observed in recent years, with youth being the most susceptible group. Given their recent emergence, studies assessing the health consequences of using e-cigarettes and exposure to their secondhand aerosols (SHA) are limited. Hence, this study sought to assess associations between e-cigarette use and household exposure to SHA from e-cigarettes with asthma symptoms among adolescents. Methods A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted by enrolling high school students (n = 1565; aged 16–19 years) in Kuwait. Participants self-completed a questionnaire on tobacco products use (e-cigarettes and cigarettes) and asthma symptoms. Current e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking were defined as any use in the past 30 days. Household exposure to SHA from e-cigarettes in the past 7 days was reported as none (0 days), infrequent (1–2 days), and frequent (≥ 3 days). Asthma symptoms included current (past 12 months) wheeze, current asthma (history of clinical diagnosis and current wheeze and/or medication use), and current symptoms of uncontrolled asthma (≥ 4 attacks of wheeze, ≥ 1 night per week sleep disturbance from wheeze, and/or wheeze affecting speech). Associations were assessed using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation, and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Results Among the analytical study sample (n = 1345), current e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking was reported by 369 (27.4%) and 358 (26.6%) participants, respectively. Compared to never e-cigarette users and never cigarette smokers, current e-cigarette users with no history of cigarette smoking had increased prevalence of current wheeze (aPR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.01–2.45) and current asthma (aPR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.03–3.41). Moreover, the frequency of exposure to household SHA from e-cigarettes was associated with asthma symptoms. For example, compared to those with no exposure to household SHA, frequent exposure to household SHA was associated with current wheeze (aPR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.04–1.59), current asthma (aPR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.13–2.16), and current uncontrolled asthma symptoms (aPR = 1.88, 95% CI 1.35–2.62). Conclusions E-cigarette use and their household SHA exposure were independently associated with asthma symptoms among adolescents. Hence, such observations indicate that e-cigarette use and passive exposure to their aerosols negatively impact respiratory health among adolescents.

scholarly journals Serum Concentrations of Selected Organochlorines in Pregnant Women and Associations with Pregnancy Outcomes. A Cross-Sectional Study from Two Rural Settings in Cambodia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7652
Author(s):  
Margit Steinholt ◽  
Shanshan Xu ◽  
Sam Ol Ha ◽  
Duong Trong Phi ◽  
Maria Lisa Odland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rural Settings

We conducted a cross-sectional study among 194 pregnant women from two low-income settings in Cambodia. The inclusion period lasted from October 2015 through December 2017. Maternal serum samples were analyzed for persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The aim was to study potential effects on birth outcomes. We found low levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCP), except for heptachlors, β-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), heptachlor epoxide, and p,p’-DDE. There were few differences between the two study locations. However, the women from the poorest areas had significantly higher concentrations of p,p’-DDE (p < 0.001) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) (p = 0.002). The maternal factors associated with exposure were parity, age, residential area, and educational level. Despite low maternal levels of polychlorinated biphenyls, we found significant negative associations between the PCB congeners 99 (95% CI: −2.51 to −0.07), 138 (95% CI: −1.28 to −0.32), and 153 (95% CI: −1.06 to −0.05) and gestational age. Further, there were significant negative associations between gestational age, birth length, and maternal levels of o,p’-DDE. Moreover, o,p’-DDD had positive associations with birth weight, and both p,p’-DDD and o,p’-DDE were positively associated with the baby’s ponderal index. The poorest population had higher exposure and less favorable outcomes.

scholarly journals Fetal foot length for assessment of gestational age: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 3153
Author(s):  
Vaibhav Sharma ◽  
Ruchi Saxena ◽  
Priyanka Gaur
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Foot Length ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Background: Fetal age actually begins at conception and an equivalent term is conceptional age. Uncertain gestational age (GA) has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes independent of maternal characteristics. The objective was to evaluate the accuracy of fetal foot length (FFL) in estimation of gestational age.Methods: It was a cross sectional study. Trans abdominal ultrasound on 150 pregnant women with normal singleton pregnancies between 16 to 40 weeks was done to measure FFL. The relationship between GA and FFL was analysed by simple linear regression.Results: A linear relationship was demonstrated between FFL and GA. (GA (in weeks)=7.490+0.393×FFL (in mm)) with significant correlation (r=0.985, p<0.001).Conclusions: Ultrasonographic measurement of FFL is a reliable indicator of gestational age and can be a useful alternative to estimate GA when other routine biometric parameters are not conclusive.

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