scholarly journals Fungus ball and emphysematous cystitis secondary to Candida tropicalis: A case report

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Wang ◽  
Xiang Ji ◽  
Guo-feng Sun ◽  
Ying-chao Qin ◽  
Miao-zi Gong ◽  
...  

Fungus ball and fungal emphysematous cystitis are two rare complications of fungal urinary tract infection. A 53-year-old male patient presented with these complications caused by Candida tropicalis simultaneously. The predisposing factors were diabetes mellitus and usage of broad-spectrum antibiotics. The fungus ball, measuring 3.5 × 2.0 cm on the left wall of the urinary bladder, shrank significantly to 1.6 × 0.8 cm after 5 days of intermittent irrigation with saline before surgery. With transurethral removal of the fungus ball and antifungal treatment with fluconazole, the patient fully recovered. We conclude that a bladder fungus ball and fungal emphysematous cystitis should always be suspected in patients with diabetes mellitus with uncontrolled funguria and abnormal imaging. Treatment should include a systemic antifungal therapy and thorough surgical removal of the fungus ball. A systemic antifungal therapy combined with a local irrigation with saline or antifungal drugs might help decrease the dissemination of fungemia during an invasive manipulation.

Author(s):  
I.Yu. Ermolaeva ◽  
A.S. Nesterov

Effective therapy of patients with onychomycosis is a real challenge. Difficulties in treatment are caused by genetically determined resistance of micromycetes to drugs and acquired resistance. Antifungal therapy is used to treat multiple lesions of the nail plates. An important factor contributing to onychomycosis is extremity devascularization, which may be caused by diabetes mellitus. However, the problem becomes even more urgent if we take into account the fact that, along with officially registered type 2 diabetes mellitus, in a significant part of the population the diagnosis is undetermined, while many people have impaired glucose tolerance. Systemic antimycotics are known to be toxicants, however, the changes in patients with onychomycosis and impaired carbohydrate tolerance remain poorly understood. The purpose of our study was to compare the changes in blood chemistry value in patients with impaired carbohydrate tolerance and patients without concomitant pathology during systemic antifungal therapy. Materials and Methods. Within three months of therapy with oral antifungal drugs, 98 patients with onychomycosis were examined at Ulyanovsk Regional Clinical Skin and Venereal Diseases Clinic for basic blood chemistry values. Results. It was found that during antifungal therapy, all patients demonstrated a statistically significant increase in liver function tests: AST, ALT, bilirubin, cholesterol, and some patients had a slightly elevated urea and alkaline phosphatase levels. Conclusion. The revealed changes in the hepatobiliary system, which is subjected to a pronounced load in case of impaired carbohydrate metabolism and systemic antimycotic therapy, will help to create an algorithm for onychomycosis diagnosis and treatment in patients with impaired carbohydrate tolerance. Key words: onychomycosis, impaired glucose tolerance, liver function tests. Эффективная терапия больных онихомикозом представляет собой сложную задачу. Трудности лечения обусловлены наличием генетически детерминированной устойчивости микромицетов к препаратам и приобретенной резистентностью. При тотальном или множественном поражении ногтевых пластин проводится терапия системными антимикотическими препаратами. Важным фактором, способствующим развитию онихомикоза, является нарушение кровоснабжения конечностей, что может быть обусловлено сахарным диабетом. Однако актуальность проблемы становится еще более очевидной, если принять во внимание данные, свидетельствующие о том, что, наряду с официально зарегистрированными случаями сахарного диабета 2 типа, у значительной части населения диагноз не установлен и наблюдается нарушенная толерантность к глюкозе. Проблема гепатотоксичности системных антимикотиков известна, однако особенности этих изменений у больных онихомикозами с нарушенной толерантностью к углеводам остаются малоизученными. Целью нашей работы явилось проведение сравнительного анализа изменения биохимических показателей крови у пациентов с нарушенной толерантностью к углеводам и пациентов без сопутствующей патологии при лечении системными антимикотическими препаратами. Материалы и методы. В течение трех месяцев терапии пероральными противогрибковыми препаратами у 98 пациентов с онихомикозами были исследованы основные биохимические показатели крови. Результаты. Установлено, что на фоне терапии антимикотическими препаратами у всех пациентов наблюдалось статистически значимое повышение печеночных проб: АСТ, АЛТ, билирубина, холестерина, а у некоторых пациентов отмечалось незначительное повышение мочевины и щелочной фосфатазы. Выводы. Выявленные изменения состояния гепатобилиарной системы, которая подвергается выраженной нагрузке при нарушении углеводного обмена и применении системных антимикотических препаратов, позволят разработать алгоритм диагностики и терапии онихомикозов у пациентов с нарушенной толерантностью к углеводам. Ключевые слова: онихомикоз, нарушение толерантности к глюкозе, печеночные пробы.


2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-109
Author(s):  
Evert Baten ◽  
An Buttiens ◽  
Lize Waumans ◽  
Linde Stessens ◽  
Ingrid Arijs ◽  
...  

Fungal colonization or infection of the urinary tract system is relatively common in patients with diabetes or a compromised immune system. However, fungal intravesical bezoars are extremely rare. We present a unique case with multiple, gas-holding fungals bezoars and emphysematous cystitis caused by Candida tropicalis.


2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Alexandru Andrei Iliescu ◽  
◽  
Paula Perlea ◽  
Anca Nicoleta Temelcea ◽  
◽  
...  

Sometimes the maxillary endosseous implants may migrate into the maxillary sinus, a quarter of them being recorded in maxillary sinus bone grafts. Less frequent it occurs after the occlusal loading or during the prosthetic abutment insertion. The displacement and retention of a dental implant in maxillary sinus causes a chronic sinusitis. One of such infection might be aspergillosis. Clinically the aspergillosis of maxillary sinus may be non-invasive, invasive or allergic. The treatment of non-invasive aspergillosis in immunocompetent individuals consists in surgical removal of infected fungal mass without a systemic antifungal medication. The invasive aspergillosis which is affecting immunocompromised persons has to be treated both by surgical and long-term systemic antifungal therapy. In allergic form the surgical removal of nasal polyp and recreation of the patency of the maxillary ostium are recommended.


Author(s):  
Amanda M. Willis ◽  
Wilson A. Coulter ◽  
Catherine R. Fulton ◽  
John R. Hayes ◽  
Patrick M. Bell ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Bruce R. Pachter

Diabetes mellitus is one of the commonest causes of neuropathy. Diabetic neuropathy is a heterogeneous group of neuropathic disorders to which patients with diabetes mellitus are susceptible; more than one kind of neuropathy can frequently occur in the same individual. Abnormalities are also known to occur in nearly every anatomic subdivision of the eye in diabetic patients. Oculomotor palsy appears to be common in diabetes mellitus for their occurrence in isolation to suggest diabetes. Nerves to the external ocular muscles are most commonly affected, particularly the oculomotor or third cranial nerve. The third nerve palsy of diabetes is characteristic, being of sudden onset, accompanied by orbital and retro-orbital pain, often associated with complete involvement of the external ocular muscles innervated by the nerve. While the human and experimental animal literature is replete with studies on the peripheral nerves in diabetes mellitus, there is but a paucity of reported studies dealing with the oculomotor nerves and their associated extraocular muscles (EOMs).


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document