scholarly journals Ecological features of flowers and the amount of pollen released in Corylus avellana (L.) and Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystyna Piotrowska
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Black Alder ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Atmospheric Pollen ◽  
Pollen Seasons ◽  
The Common ◽  
Corylus Avellana L

Hazel and alder bloom as one of the first plants in climatic conditions of Poland. In the present study, detailed observations were made of the structure of flowers of <i>Corylus avellana</i> L. and <i>Alnus glutinosa</i> (L.) Gaertn. Pollen yield of the abovementioned species was determined. The number of pollen grains in the theca, anther, flower and inflorescence was calculated. A comparison was made of the number of pollen grains of these taxa recorded during the atmospheric pollen seasons analysed over a period of 8 years in the conditions of Lublin. The study demonstrates that pollen yield of the common hazel inflorescence was 66 mg, whereas for black alder it was 120 mg. It was found that the number of pollen grains produced by the alder inflorescence was 2.2 times higher than by the hazel inflorescence. The atmospheric pollen season of the studied plant taxa was recorded at similar dates, but alder pollen was in much larger concentrations.

scholarly journals Winter Conditions Correlate with Phytophthora alni Subspecies Distribution in Southern Sweden

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (9) ◽  
pp. 1191-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel A. Redondo ◽  
Johanna Boberg ◽  
Christer H. B. Olsson ◽  
Jonàs Oliva
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Black Alder ◽  
Forest Pathogen ◽  
Winter Conditions ◽  
Winter Temperatures ◽  
Major River ◽  
Highly Correlated

During the last century, the number of forest pathogen invasions has increased substantially. Environmental variables can play a crucial role in determining the establishment of invasive species. The objective of the present work was to determine the correlation between winter climatic conditions and distribution of two subspecies of the invasive forest pathogen Phytophthora alni: P. alni subspp. alni and uniformis killing black alder (Alnus glutinosa) in southern Sweden. It is known from laboratory experiments that P. alni subsp. alni is more pathogenic than P. alni subsp. uniformis, and that P. alni subsp. alni is sensitive to low temperatures and long frost periods. By studying the distribution of these two subspecies at the northern limit of the host species, we could investigate whether winter conditions can affect the geographical distribution of P. alni subsp. alni spreading northward. Sixteen major river systems of southern Sweden were systematically surveyed and isolations were performed from active cankers. The distribution of the two studied subspecies was highly correlated with winter temperature and duration of periods with heavy frost. While P. alni subsp. uniformis covered the whole range of temperatures of the host, P. alni subsp. alni was recovered in areas subjected to milder winter temperatures and shorter frost periods. Our observations suggest that winter conditions can play an important role in limiting P. alni subsp. alni establishment in cold locations, thus affecting the distribution of the different subspecies of P. alni in boreal regions.

Engineering facilities for the nursery and mother plant garden of the common hazel (Corylus avellana l.)

2021 ◽  
pp. 500-504
Author(s):  
R.K. Gadzhiev ◽  
M.V. Kataeva ◽  
S.E. Kuchiev
Keyword(s):  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Irrigation Method ◽  
Reservoir Volume ◽  
The Common ◽  
Corylus Avellana L

The article deals with the issues of engineering arrangement of the territory for the nursery and the mother plant garden of common hazel - the layout of the nursery, the choice of the irrigation method, the calculation of the reservoir volume, irrigation rates, and production efficiency.

scholarly journals Ecological features of Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. flowers and characteristics of Ambrosia L. pollen seasons in the condition of Lublin (Poland) in the years 2001-2008

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska ◽  
Krystyna Piotrowska
Keyword(s):  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Ambrosia Artemisiifolia ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Long Distance Transport ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Pollen Seasons ◽  
Male Flowers

In the study, the biology of fl owering of <i>Ambrosia artemisiifolia</i> L. was investigated and the pattern of the <i>Ambrosia</i> pollen seasons in Lublin in the years 2001-2008 was characterised. The structure of male and female <i>A. artemisiifolia</i> flowers was observed in cultivated plants under controlled conditions in the 2000 vegetative season. The number of pollen grains produced by the stamen, flower, inflorescence and plant was determined. It was shown that in <i>A. artemisiifolia</i> flowers nonfunctional pistils occurred with a reduced ovary, performing the role of a pollen presenter. The pistils found in female flowers differed significantly in their morphological features from the pistils in male flowers. It was calculated that one stamrn produced an average of 3 375 pollen grains, whereas one flower 16 875. A plant which produces 20 racemes may release over 420 million pollen grains into the atmosphere. The <i>Ambrosia</i> pollen seasons in particular years had different patterns. In some years, the days of maximum concentration were in the second half of August, in other years in the first half of September. Over the 8-year period, the maximum daily concentration had a mean value of 116 pollen grains in m<sup>3</sup> (31-311). Annual total concentrations of <i>Ambrosia</i> pollen grains ranged between 194 and 1200 grains, and it was 523 grains on the average. The pollen seasons were characterised by the occurrence of several-day-long interruptions in the presence of airborne pollen in the atmosphere of Lublin, which may indicate the long-distance transport of <i>Ambrosia</i> pollen.

scholarly journals Corylus avellana pollen and catkins characterization on genotypes from selected localities of West Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Nikolaieva ◽  
Janka Nôžková ◽  
Ján Gažo
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Application Research ◽  
Experimental Development ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Experimental Works ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Corylus Avellana L ◽  
Shape And Size

Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) has unusual ability to adapt to extreme conditions and is widely spread throughout Slovakia. Under the influence of various environmental factors shape and size of habitus, leaves, fruits, and catkins change. That is the reason why hazelnut became the subject of research in many countries. The important stage in the study of hazelnut plants was the use for cultivation purposes. The traits from cultivated genotypes are transported also on wild genotypes. Genetic diversity of hazelnuts confirmed survival adaptability. The application research and experimental development in conservation of environment and agriculture are interconnected by different approaches. The biological objectives are native organisms, and they are constantly in inseparable unity with the environment, but environment conditions are unstable. Organisms adapt to new living conditions through the activation the synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins. This factor influences on variability evaluation of genetic resources. In our study we tried to find the most distinguishing sample by combined empiric knowledge with innovative methods for morphological characterization. We worked with pollen grains and catkins (male inflorescences). We proposed to combine the results of different experimental works for identifying the suitable genotypes for further using.

scholarly journals CLUSTER COMPOSITION OF POLLEN PARTICLES OF ATMOSPHERE UPON BLOOMING OF ANEMOPHILOUS PLANTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Vladimir Golovko ◽  
Anastasia Belanova ◽  
Galina Zueva
Keyword(s):  
Panicum Virgatum ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Pollen Emission ◽  
Panicum Virgatum L ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Betula Pubescens Ehrh ◽  
Corylus Avellana L

A study is made on pollen emission into atmosphere of 12 species of anemophilous plants (Betula fusca Pall. ex Georgi, Betula pubescens Ehrh., Ulmus pumila L., Corylus americana Marsh., Corylus avellana L., Stipa pennata L., Poa nemoralis L., Achnatherum splendens (Trin.) Nevski, Panicum virgatum L., Lolium perenne L., Avena sativa L., Setaria maximowiczii Tzvelev & Prob.), exposed by the Central Siberian Botanical Garden, SB RAS. These plants are widely spread over the territory of the Russian Federation and produce great amounts of allergenic pollen. Estimated is the share of clusters of two and more pollen grains in the total number of pollen particles, entering the atmosphere upon blooming of plants of a given species. It is shown that although the anemophilous plants display morphological properties, that prevent the formation of clusters, substantial number of such clusters is recorded in all experimental series. In this case, the share of pollen grains could exceed 50% of the total number of pollen grains, entering the atmosphere.

scholarly journals Effect of Photo-Selective Shade Nets on Pollination Process and Nut Development of Corylus avellana L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devid Guastella ◽  
Mbuyseli Sigwebela ◽  
Eloy Suarez ◽  
Oscar Stubbs ◽  
Jorge Acevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Tube ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Pollen Tube Growth ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Floral Biology ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Pollen Tubes ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Tube Growth ◽  
Corylus Avellana L

Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is one of the most appreciated nut crops, which is motivating the cultivation outside its historical production areas. Despite that, there is still limited knowledge about the floral biology of the species and its developmental fruiting stages under different environments. Adverse climatic conditions can threaten the pollination process and fruit development. In South Africa, the deciduous fruit industry identified the net shading as a tool to mitigate the effects of unfavorable abiotic events. The objective of this work was to investigate the effects of photo-selective nets on the pollination process and nut development of C. avellana. Mature hazelnut trees were maintained under netting and compared with the ones in open field. Microscopic examination of female flower and developing nuts were conducted in order to observe the pollen tube growth and the pattern of disodium fluorescein transport into the funiculus and ovule. The results showed differences in pollen tubes growth and timing between the treatments. Generally, trees under nets showed higher rate in pollen tubes developing and reaching the base of the style. On the contrary, the tests carried out in open field showed a higher ratio of pollen tubes arrested in the style. The results also indicated differences in ovules abortion. Developing fruits that showed an interruption point at the funicle level or at junction point of the ovule were classified as aborting fruits (blank nuts at harvest time). A higher rate of abortion was detected in open field compared to the plants under netting. In conclusion, the shade nets influenced the pollen tube growth and the nut development, principally due to micro-climate modification. Therefore, further investigations are needed to analyze the influence of light spectra and to determine the sustainability of photo-selective nets over several years.

Ecological plasticity of nut crops of the collections of the federal scientific center for agroecology RAS

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-115
Author(s):  
А.Ш. Хужахметова
Keyword(s):  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Ecological Plasticity ◽  
Protective Forest ◽  
Corylus Avellana L ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Показана актуальность изучения экологической пластичности древесных растений в связи с необходимостью подбора адаптированного видового состава деревьев и кустарников для защитных лесных насаждений в условиях климатических изменений. Установлено, что экологическая пластичность и пределы толерантности растений связаны со свойством организмов адаптироваться к тому или иному диапазону факторов среды. В статье представлен таксономический состав орехоплодных культур коллекций ФНЦ агроэкологии РАН. Это шесть видов рода Juglans: J. regia, J. mandshurica, J. cinerea, J. rupestris, J. ailanthifolia, J. nigra и три вида рода Corylus: С. avellana L., С. аmericana W., сорта С. pontica C. Koch Президент, Футкурами, Черкесский2. Приведены сведения о положительном опыте культивирования Corylus avellana L. в плантационных насаждениях (1,6 га, посадка рядовая, схема размещения 55 м) в условиях южных черноземов. Цель исследований изучить экологическую пластичность орехоплодных кустарников коллекций ФНЦ агроэкологии РАН. На примере родового комплекса Corylus получены материалы по экологической пластичности орехоплодных кустарников в условиях каштановых (кадастр. 34:36:0000:14:0178), светлокаштановых почв (34:34:000000:122 34:34:060061:10). Установлены уровни изменчивости морфологических признаков ассимиляционного аппарата и плодов С. avellana L., сортов С. pontica C. Koch., которые согласуются с зимо и засухоустойчивостью. Кластерный анализ позволил выявить корреляцию признаков при 5 уровне значимости. Для целей защитного лесоразведения и озеленения засушливых районов рекомендованы Corylus avellana и Черкесский2 с выраженной вариабельностью морфологических признаков, которая указывает на их широкую экологическую валентность и адаптационные возможности в рассматриваемых условиях. The urgency of studying the ecological plasticity of woody plants in connection with the need to select an adapted species composition of trees and shrubs for protective forest plantations in the context of climate change is shown. It is established that the ecological plasticity and tolerance range of plants is associated with the ability of organisms to adapt to a particular range of environmental factors. The article presents the taxonomic composition of nut crops in the collections of FSC Agroecology RAS. Six species of Juglans: J. regia, J. mandshurica, J. cinerea, J. rupestris, J. ailanthifolia, J. nigra and three species of the genus Corylus: С. avellana L., С. аmericana W., varieties of C. pontica C. Koch the President, Futkurami, Circassian2. Data on positive experience of cultivation of Corylus avellana L. in plantation plantings (1,6 hectares, landing ordinary, the scheme of placement of 55 m) in the conditions of southern chernozems are given. The purpose of the research is to study the ecological plasticity of nutbearing shrubs of the collections of the Federal scientific center for Agroecology Russian Academy of Sciences. For example, a generic complex Corylus submissions received on the environmental plasticity of nut bushes in the conditions of brown (the cadaster nubmer 34:36:0000:14:0178), light chestnut soils (34:34:000000:122 34:34:060061:10). The levels of variability of morphological features of the assimilation apparatus and fruits of Corylus avellana L., С. pontica C. Koch varieties were established., which are consistent with winter and drought resistance. Cluster analysis revealed the correlation of features at 5 significance level. Corylus avellana and Circassian2 with a pronounced variability of morphological features, which indicates their broad ecological valence and adaptation capabilities in the conditions under consideration, are recommended for the purposes of protective afforestation and greening of dry areas.

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