scholarly journals N-hydroxyurea, mitomycin C and actinomycin D activity in the process of tumour formation on the primary leaves of the 'Pinto' bean

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63-76
Author(s):  
Aldona Rennert
Keyword(s):  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Actinomycin D ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Maximal Effect ◽  
Critical Periods ◽  
Tumour Formation ◽  
Pinto Bean ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
Pinto Beans ◽  
Bean Leaves

Mitomycin C (MC), N-hydroxyurea (HU) and actinomycin D (AD) inhibit tumour formation on the primary leaves of Pinto beans. <em>Agrobacterium</em> tumefaciens was inoculated into bean leaves with application of the above named inhibitors at various times. It was found that MC action is strongest during inoculation and immediately after it, the maximal effect of HU take place within 12 h after inoculation, whereas the antitumour action of AD starts as late as 12 h after leaf inoculation. In view of the different degree of susceptibility of bacteria and plant cells to the inhibitors applied, the above described results allowed to distinguish three critical periods in the process of tumour formation in the tested host-pathogen system.

scholarly journals Effect of N-hydroxyurea, mitomycin C and actinomycin D on tumour formation on the leaves of Kalanchoe daigremontiana

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Józef Koawalczyk
Keyword(s):  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Actinomycin D ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Tumour Formation ◽  
Second Period ◽  
Dna Synthesis Inhibitors ◽  
Kalanchoë Daigremontiana ◽  
Kalanchoe Daigremontiana

The leaves of <em>Kalanchoe daigremontiana</em> wounded and infected with <em>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</em> were treated with single doses of inhibitors (hydroxyurea - 190, mitomycin - 0.5, actinomycin - 2 µ,g per leaf). After delaying the time' of dosage of inhibitors during five days after inoculation, changes in susceptibility of the system to antitumorous activity of analysed compounds were observed. In several hours after inoculation (period of the bacteria metabolic activity in wounds) all the inhibitors prevent strongly the tumour formation. At the time between 14 and 72 hours after inoculation, including the phase of tumour induction, the system becomes sensitive to the DNA synthesis inhibitors, particularly hydroxyurea. The intensified action of actinomycin appears again only about 60 hours after inoculation and lasts till the end of experiment (the initiation of the transformed plant cell proliferation). According to the literature the antitumorous effect of inhibitors could be connected with their action on the bacteria metabolism inside the host tissue. The activities of hydroxyurea and mitomycin in the second period correspond with the intensive DNA synthesis in plant cells, which is induced by wounding. The effect of actinomycin D in 60 hours after inoculation could depend upon the inhibition of the proliferation of the transformed host cells.

Analysis of Myo-inositol in Dry Beans by Gas Chromatography of Its Hexaacetate

1972 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1194-1198
Author(s):  
Richard M Seifert
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Chromatographic Retention ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Pinto Bean ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Pinto Beans ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract A method has been developed for the analysis of myo-inositol in California small white beans, pinto beans, and 2 pinto bean flake products by gas-liquid chromatography of myo-inositol hexaacetate. The identity of myoinositol hexaacetate from bean samples was confirmed by mass spectrometry and chromatographic retention time. A standard curve prepared by plotting peak height vs. μg myoinositol hexaacetate was linear over the range studied, 0.2 to 0.6 μg. Peak heights were measurable in all samples, although inositol hexaacetate was not completely separated in California small white bean samples. An internal standard, perseitol, was used to correct for losses in the procedure. Hydrolysis of phytin was negligible during sample preparation or analysis. Recoveries of 12 to 40 μg inositol from 40 mg samples of California small white beans averaged 113%. These beans contained an average of 71 ppm inositol compared to 215 ppm inositol in similarly prepared pinto beans.

EDEMA FACTOR AND PHOSPHOLIPASE RELEASE BY A STRAIN OF BACILLUS CEREUS

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 717-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Altenbern ◽  
Harold B. Stull
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Optical Density ◽  
Parent Strain ◽  
Actinomycin D ◽  
Spontaneous Release ◽  
Post Irradiation ◽  
Edema Factor ◽  
Ultraviolet Light Irradiation

After ultraviolet light irradiation, strain 6464 of Bacillus cereus lysed, resulting in the release of toxin, phospholipase, and mature phage particles. Small amounts of toxin and phospholipase produced by non-induced cultures were correlated with the infrequent spontaneous release of bacteriophage. Stationary incubation following ultraviolet induction results in a greater yield of toxin and phospholipase than post irradiation incubation on a shaker. Postirradiation incubation at temperatures below 37° either reduced (30°) or prevented (26°) toxin and phospholipase production. A clone was obtained which was sensitive to the phage from the parent strain and was presumably no longer lysogenic for it. This cured strain still exhibited ultraviolet-induced optical density decline accompanied by release of toxin and phospholipase. Mitomycin C would induce strain 6464 and the cured strain derived from it and both released toxin and phospholipase during mitomycin C induced lysis. The induced lysis of the cured strain could be prevented by postinduction treatment with inhibitors of synthesis of protein (chloramphenicol), RNA (actinomycin D), or DNA (5-fluorouracil deoxyriboside).

scholarly journals How to Unravel the Key Functions of Cryptic Oomycete Elicitin Proteins and Their Role in Plant Disease

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1201
Author(s):  
Aayushree Kharel ◽  
Md Tohidul Islam ◽  
James Rookes ◽  
David Cahill
Keyword(s):  
Gene Editing ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Plant Defense Responses ◽  
Host Pathogen Interactions ◽  
Binding Ability ◽  
Host Pathogen ◽  
Pathogen Colonization

Pathogens and plants are in a constant battle with one another, the result of which is either the restriction of pathogen growth via constitutive or induced plant defense responses or the pathogen colonization of plant cells and tissues that cause disease. Elicitins are a group of highly conserved proteins produced by certain oomycete species, and their sterol binding ability is recognized as an important feature in sterol–auxotrophic oomycetes. Elicitins also orchestrate other aspects of the interactions of oomycetes with their plant hosts. The function of elicitins as avirulence or virulence factors is controversial and is dependent on the host species, and despite several decades of research, the function of these proteins remains elusive. We summarize here our current understanding of elicitins as either defense-promoting or defense-suppressing agents and propose that more recent approaches such as the use of ‘omics’ and gene editing can be used to unravel the role of elicitins in host–pathogen interactions. A better understanding of the role of elicitins is required and deciphering their role in host–pathogen interactions will expand the strategies that can be adopted to improve disease resistance and reduce crop losses.

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