scholarly journals The invasion and expansion of three North American species of goldenrod (Solidago canadensis L. sensu lato. S. gigantea Ait. and S. graminifolia (L ) Salisb) in Poland

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Guzikowa ◽  
Paul F. Maycock
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Solidago Canadensis ◽  
Adventive Species ◽  
Initial Area ◽  
History Of ◽  
Herbarium Collections

The geographical distributions of three adventive species of North American goldenrods (<em>S. canadensis</em> L. s.l., <em>S. gigantea</em> Ait. and S. <em>graminifolin</em> (L.) Salisb.) throughout Poland are presented. The history of escape, initial establishent and subsequent spread are documented on the basis of almost 1400 herbarium collections and site records of the authors. Of the three species <em>S. gigantea</em> is the most aggressive <em>S. cunadensis</em> has continued to spread vigorously. but <em>S. graminifolia</em> has barely moved beyond its initial area of establishment. The first two species occur essentially throughout Poland. having expanded from centers in southwestern Poland in the decade between 1840 to 1850. Both of these plants are spreading rapidly and producing vigorous populations which thrive in disturbed and semi-disturbed environments and <em>S. gigantea</em> seems to have now attained the capability of invading stabilized habitats and communities. They are in the process of becoming a serious threat to many natural environments and ecosystems in Poland.

scholarly journals Intra- and interpopulation variability of Solidago canadensis L. s. l. in Belarus

2019 ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Valery N. Tikhomirov ◽  
Iryna A. Ravenskaya
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Spontaneous Mutation ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Solidago Canadensis ◽  
The North ◽  
Ray Florets ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Average Plant

The study of the variability of 22 morphological characters in 5 populations of Solidago canadensis L. s. l., growing in the city of Minsk and its environs, was carried out. Comparison of the obtained data with previously published information on the nature and range of variability of the North American taxa Solidago subsect. Triplinerviae showed that plants growing on the territory of the Republic of Belarus cannot be unambiguously assigned to any of the North American species by the combination of morphological characters. Compared to North American taxa, the plants of the studied populations have a significantly more powerful habitus (a large average plant height, longer and in many populations broader mid stem leaves, most often a larger inflorescence), intermediate in comparison with S. canadensis s. str. and S. altissima s. str. and significantly different from both North American species, the length of involucres and the length of tubular flowers, significantly longer outer phyllaries, shorter straps of ray florets, larger ovaries of ray florets, but their shorter pappus, a significantly smaller number of disc florets. The disc florets have significantly larger teeth compared to S. canadensis s. str. and S. altissima s. str. The data obtained confirm the point of view of Hildemar Scholz, according to which the invasive goldenrod, which is currently widely distributed throughout Europe, are of European origin. Most likely, they are either stabilized hybrids that arose during breeding due to the crossing of several North American species, or arose as a result of spontaneous mutation and further selection under natural conditions.

scholarly journals Chromosome numbers in hybrids between invasive and native Solidago (Asteraceae) species in Europe

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 471 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-275
Author(s):  
KRYSTYNA MUSIAŁ ◽  
KONRAD PAGITZ ◽  
ZIGMANTAS GUDŽINSKAS ◽  
GRZEGORZ ŁAZARSKI ◽  
ARTUR PLISZKO
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Solidago Canadensis ◽  
Chromosome Counting ◽  
New Localities

In Europe, two North American species, Solidago canadensis and S. gigantea hybridize with native S. virgaurea producing the hybrids: S. ×niederederi, a hybrid between S. canadensis and S. virgaurea, and S. ×snarskisii, a hybrid between S. gigantea and S. virgaurea. The morphological description of both hybrids has been well established in contrast to the data on chromosome numbers which were insufficiently recorded or missing. The diploids of S. ×niederederi have been recently reported from a few localities in Austria and Lithuania. In this study, we evidenced a triploid of S. ×snarskisii from one locality in Lithuania, as well as confirmed diploids in the progenies of S. ×niederederi collected in 23 new localities in Austria, Poland, Lithuania, and Latvia, based on chromosome counting.

scholarly journals Molecular phylogeny of long-tailed shrews (genus Sorex) from México and Guatemala

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2615 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTHA ESTEVA ◽  
FERNANDO A. CERVANTES ◽  
SARA V. BRANT ◽  
JOSEPH A. COOK
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
North American ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Nominal Species ◽  
Bayesian Approaches ◽  
Major Clade ◽  
Mitochondrial Cytochrome B ◽  
History Of ◽  
Southern Species

We present a molecular phylogeny of North American species of long-tailed shrews of the genus Sorex. Our focus is on Mexican and Guatemalan species to begin understanding their evolutionary relationships and to test the validity of nominal species. Seventy-seven sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene were analyzed, including 19 specimens representing nine Mexican and one Guatemalan species. Phylogenetic analyses using parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian approaches revealed two major clades of North American species, all within the subgenus Otisorex. The first major clade includes S. trowbridgii and southern species (S. macrodon from Oaxaca; S. veraecrucis from Nuevo León, Michoacán, Chiapas, S. saussurei from Jalisco and Guatemala; S. veraepacis from Guerrero and Guatemala). Relatively deep branches among taxa characterize this clade and suggest that their early divergence from other North American shrews was soon after arrival of the ancestral stock from the Beringian region. The other major clade includes all other North American species of Sorex we examined, with two Mexican species, S. milleri and S. emarginatus, grouped in a subclade with the S. cinereus complex. Sorex veraecrucis is not, however, a monophyletic taxon because specimens of this nominal species were included in both the major clades. The Isthmus of Tehuantepec has likely played a role as a biogeographic barrier in the evolutionary history of Mexican shrews. This study of mitochondrial variation in southern North American shrews of the genus Sorex indicates there is substantial, previously undetected diversity that necessitates a revision of the taxonomy of S. veraecrucis and S. veraepacis.

scholarly journals EUPHORIA DAVIDII SUBILS (EUPHORBIACEAE) IN FLORA OF RAILWAY TRACKS OF DNIESTER BAY BAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2(49)) ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
О. Yu. Bondarenko ◽  
S. L. Myronov
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Adventive Species ◽  
Stunted Growth ◽  
Railway Tracks ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Abandoned Lands

Aim. Anthropogenically transformed ecotopes act as a centre for existance of many adventive species. The distribution of North-American species Euphorbia davidii subsp. Poinsettia across various continents is often attributed to the export of grain. For some time scientists have been bringing up the issue about identification of plants E. davidii in new territories, because the species is morphologically similar to E. dentata agg. The species E. davidii is characterised by a high invasive potential, it is a neophyte. In Ukraine the species is represented by separate localities almost throughout the country. It is related to sectors of ports, railway tracks, and abandoned lands. Methods. In the year 2021, by means of route method, in sectors of railway tracks of the Dniester bay bar, between the railway stops Karolina-Buhas and Soniachna (total length is up to eight kilometers) seven localities of E. davidii were distinguished; the coordinates of the locations are listed in the publication. The examined ecotopes are characterised by a crushed stone substratum, with higher temperatures, and also by specific vibrational, insolational and hydrological modes. Results. Both inconsiderable in number of plants localities (32 exemplars) and zones, where the number of plants reaches over 2000 are represented. The extent of habitats ranges from 2 to 20 meters. The height of particular, the most developed individuals constituted 20 cm. As a rule, in the inter-rail space there is a considerably smaller number of plants, however, they are better developed, well-branched and have more inflorescences with fruits. Conclusions. A number of plants from the southern slopes of the railways is typically bigger, however, the plants on the southern slopes (in comparison with the northern ones) are worse developed, branch out less and, at the time of conducting the research were represented by a smaller number of generative individuals. In sandy sectors of the bay bar adjoining the railway tracks the plants E. davidii were almost not noticed. The individuals found in the above-mentioned sectors are characterised by stunted growth, a single stem, almost did not bloom, and did not produce seeds.  

scholarly journals Montiphylax, (Trichoptera, Limnephilidae), a new genus to accommodate the western North American species: Stenophylax antennatus Banks, 1900, Philocasca thor Nimmo, 1971, and Philocasca alba Nimmo, 1977

ZooKeys ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 153-180
Author(s):  
David E. Ruiter ◽  
Robert A. Mutch
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North American ◽  
New Genus ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Caddisfly Larvae ◽  
History Of

Montiphylax, a new genus within the Limnephilidae, is proposed to includePhilocascaalba,P.antennata, andP.thor. Characters for the adults and larvae are presented to separateMontiphylaxfromPhilocasca. A summary of the distribution and life history of theMontiphylaxspecies is provided. A key to ease separation of the known North American caddisfly larvae with gill clusters of single filaments is given.

A REVISION OF THE GENUS SEPEDOPHILUS GISTEL (COLEOPTERA: STAPHYLINIDAE) OF AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (S99) ◽  
pp. 1-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Campbell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North American ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
The North ◽  
Palearctic Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Diagnostic Key

AbstractThe species of the genus Sepedophilus (Staphylinidae: Tachyporinae) of America north of Mexico are revised. Thirty species are recognized. Thirteen new species are described: wickhami from the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada; brachypterus, frosti, micans, ctenidialis, and kiteleyi from eastern North America; beckeri from the southcentral United States; and hermani, smetanai, stephani, arizonensis, coronadensis, and velox from the southwestern United States. The following species names are placed in synonymy: knoxii LeConte and carissimus Hatch (= littoreus Linnaeus); imbricatus Casey, limuloides Casey, and elongatus Blatchley (= testaceus Fabricius); corticola Casey (= cinctulus Erichson); virginiae Casey (= velocipes Casey); and subtilis Casey (= debilis Casey). The species cinctulus Erichson and bisignatus Horn, formerly considered as synonyms of opicus Say and bipustulatus Fabricius respectively are recognized as valid species. The Palearctic species marshami Stephens is reported for the first time from the Nearctic region. The usage of the generic group names Sepedophilus Gistel, Conurus Stephens, Conosoma Kraatz, and Conosomus Motschulsky is discussed. The North American species are divided into 12 species groups based on an examination of the Nearctic, Neotropical, and Palearctic faunas. The distribution of each species is mapped, and the male and female eighth abdominal sternites and tergites, the male genitalia and other diagnostic characters, are illustrated. A neotype is designated for Tachyporus opicus Say, and lectotypes are designated when necessary for all the North American species of Sepedophilus described by Gravenhorst, Erichson, LeConte, Horn, and Casey. A diagnostic key for all the species except S. heathi Wasmann is given. A brief discussion of the nomenclatural history of the genus, of collecting techniques, and of the major diagnostic characters is included.

THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF CINYGMA (EPHEMEROPTERA: HEPTAGENIIDAE)

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 675-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Lehmkuhl
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North American ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Submerged Wood ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
New Distribution

AbstractA key to species for adults and figures of the three North American Cinygma are presented. New distribution records are given; the range of C. lyriformis McDunnough is extended to Alaska and the genus in the Palearctic is discussed. Nymphs are undescribed except for C. integrum (Eaton). The life history of the latter is given for Oregon. Nymphs of all size classes are present throughout the year but adult emergence is restricted to mid May to mid July. Nymphs apparently are restricted to a submerged wood habitat.

North American Association for the Study of Religion (NAASR)

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-30
Author(s):  
Matt Sheedy
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
American Association ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of

I interviewed Russell McCutcheon back in March 2015, about his new role as president of the North American Association for the Study of Religion (NAASR), asking him about the history of the organization, goals for his tenure, and developments for NAASR’s upcoming conference in Atlanta in November 2015.

Indian Boarding School Gothic in Older than America and The Only Good Indian

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-27
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Kella
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Boarding Schools ◽  
Spiritual Values ◽  
Feature Films ◽  
Native North American ◽  
Indian Boarding School ◽  
Visual Sovereignty ◽  
History Of ◽  
Indian Boarding Schools

This article examines the appropriation and redirection of the Gothic in two contemporary, Native-centered feature films that concern a history that can be said to haunt many Native North American communities today: the history of Indian boarding schools. Georgina Lightning’s Older than America (2008) and Kevin Willmott’s The Only Good Indian (2009) make use of Gothic conventions and the figures of the ghost and the vampire to visually relate the history and horrors of Indian boarding schools. Each of these Native-centered films displays a cinematic desire to decenter Eurocentric histories and to counter mainstream American genres with histories and forms of importance to Native North American peoples. Willmott’s film critiques mythologies of the West and frontier heroism, and Lightning attempts to sensitize non-Native viewers to contemporary Native North American concerns while also asserting visual sovereignty and affirming spiritual values.

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