scholarly journals Pengaruh pH dan Jenis Pelarut terhadap Ekstraksi Batch Asam 6-Aminopenisilinat

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Lienda Aliwarga ◽  
Reynard Reynard ◽  
Iga Putri Yasmani ◽  
Mia Puspasari

Abstrak. Asam 6-aminopenisilinat (6-APA) merupakan bahan dasar pembuatan penisilin semi-sintetis. Dalam skala komersial, 6-APA dapat diproduksi dengan cara enzimatis atau kimiawi. Pada umumnya, produksi 6-APA dilakukan secara enzimatis, yaitu dengan mengkonversi penisilin G menjadi 6-APA dengan bantuan penisilin asilase. Karena konversi merupakan reaksi kesetimbangan, maka produk yang didapat adalah campuran penisilin G, 6-APA, dan asam fenil asetat (PAA) sehingga untuk memperoleh 6-APA murni dilakukan proses ekstraksi, pemekatan, dan kristalisasi. Proses ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa variabel operasi, yaitu temperatur, pH, dan jenis pelarut. Dalam penelitian ini akan dipelajari pengaruh pH dan jenis pelarut terhadap proses pemisahan 6-APA. Temperatur operasi adalah kondisi ruang dan perbandingan volume pelarut dengan volume larutan yang akan diekstraksi adalah 1:1. Variasi pH ekstraksi dilakukan antara rentang 2,0-5,0, sedangkan jenis pelarut yang digunakan adalah n-butil asetat, iso butil asetat, metil isobutil keton, dan iso amil asetat. Rentang pH terbaik untuk pemisahan 6-APA adalah 2,0-3,0 dengan pelarut metil isobutil keton. Pada kondisi ini, perolehan penisilin G adalah 98%, 6-APA 5%, dan PAA 99%. Sebagian besar 6-APA pada fase aquatik dapat diproses untuk pemurnian selanjutnya. Kata kunci: Penisilin G, 6-APA, PAA, ekstraksi, pelarut, pH. Abstract. Influence of pH and Solvent Types on 6-Aminopenicillinic Acid Batch Extraction. 6-aminopenicillinic acid (6-APA) is the raw material for producing semi-synthetic penicillin. In commercial scale, penicillin G is converted into 6-APA enzymatically by penicillin acylase. Due to the nature of equilibrium reaction, the products are in mixture solution of penicillin G, 6-APA, and phenyl acetic acid (PAA). In order to purify the targeted 6-APA, steps of extraction, concentration, and crystallisation are thereby compulsory. Extraction process is influenced by operation variables, among other things, temperature, pH, and solvent types. In this experiment, we observed the aspects of pH and solvent type, while temperature was set in room condition. Volume ratio of solvent to extracted solution was 1:1 and pH was varied between 2.0 and 5.0. There were four solvents tested: n-butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, methyl isobutyl ketone, and isoamyl acetate. The results suggested that optimum process was attained from pH 2.0 to 3.0, using methyl isobutyl ketone as solvent. In this regard, the yield of penicillin G (98%), 6-APA 95%) and PAA (99%); hence, most of the 6-APA was concentrated within the aquatic phase, representing the ease of further process. Keywords: Penicillin G, 6-APA, PAA, extraction, solvent, pH. Graphical Abstract


Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moussa Toure ◽  
Guilhem Arrachart ◽  
Jean Duhamet ◽  
Stephane Pellet-Rostaing

A study has been carried out on Ta and Nb recovery by a liquid-liquid extraction process using 4-methylacetophenone (4-MAcPh) as the organic phase. The 4-MAcPh was compared to methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) with respect to extraction efficiencies (D values) at different concentrations of H2SO4 in the aqueous phase. The results showed a similar extraction of Nb for both solvents. However, for Ta, extraction efficiency is increased by a factor of 1.3 for 4-MAcPh. In addition, the MIBK solubilized completely after 6 mol∙L−1 of H2SO4 against only a loss of 0.14–4% for 4-MAcPh between 6 and 9 mol∙L−1 of H2SO4. The potential of 4-MAcPh has also been studied to selectively recover Ta from a model capacitor waste solution. The results showed a selectivity for Ta in the presence of impurities such as Ag, Fe, Ni and Mn. The 4-MAcPh also presents the advantage of having physicochemical properties adapted to its use in liquid-liquid extraction technologies such as mixer-settlers.





2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (26) ◽  
pp. 5304-5310
Author(s):  
Magdalena Turkowska ◽  
Marek Smolik

The paper presents the results of a study on the efficiency of the separation of Ta(V) and Nb(v) from fluoride solutions by solvent extraction with methyl isobutyl ketone with a view to applying the extraction process to the purification of Nb from Ta and for the pre-concentration of Ta prior to its determination in Nb and its compounds over a wide range of initial concentrations.





1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 2227-2234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Václav Stužka ◽  
Jaromír Souček

A new method has been developed for the indirect determination of nitroso- and nitrophenols by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) after extraction of ionic associates involving bipyridylocopper(II) (CuDP) or phenanthrolinocopper(II) (CuPH) complexes. Nitrobenzene and methyl isobutyl ketone appeared to be suitable for the extraction. It was possible to determine several tenths to hundredths of a milligram of nitrophenol in a litre. Extractable associates with CuDP and CuPH are formed by phenols possessing two substituents or by higher molecular weight phenols such as naphthol or hydroxyquinoline. Monosubstituted phenols fail to form associates of this kind.



Author(s):  
Kalina Grzelak ◽  
Rouzana Pulikkal Thumbayil ◽  
Søren Kegnæs ◽  
Maciej Trejda ◽  
Anders Riisager


1958 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dakshinamurty ◽  
G. Jayarama Rao ◽  
M.V.R. Acharya ◽  
C. Venkata Rao


1980 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roque Riggio ◽  
Mariana Hernandez Ubeda ◽  
Juan F. Ramos ◽  
Hector E. Martinez


1965 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 1003-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. Varga ◽  
W. D. Wakley ◽  
L. S. Nicholson ◽  
M. L. Madden ◽  
J. Patterson


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