Structure of the 4-O-[1-Carboxyethyl]-d-Mannose-Containing O-Specific Polysaccharide of a Halophilic Bacterium Salinivibrio sp. EG9S8QL

The moderately halophilic strain Salinivibrio sp. EG9S8QL was isolated among 11 halophilic strains from saline mud (Emisal Salt Company, Lake Qarun, Fayoum, Egypt). The lipopolysaccharide was extracted from dried cells of Salinivibrio sp. EG9S8QL by the phenol–water procedure. The OPS was obtained by mild acid hydrolysis of the lipopolysaccharide and was studied by sugar analysis along with 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, including 1H,1H COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, 1H,13C HSQC, and HMBC experiments. The OPS was found to be composed of linear tetrasaccharide repeating units of the following structure: →2)-β-Manp4Lac-(1→3)-α-ManpNAc-(1→3)-β-Rhap-(1→4)-α-GlcpNAc-(1→, where Manp4Lac is 4-O-[1-carboxyethyl]mannose.

Antioxidant Activity and Consumer Preference of Brown Algae Sargassum hystrix Juice as a Functional Drink

Sargassum hystrix juice is a functional beverage made from S. hystrix through the immersion process, crushing, filtering, and pasteurization. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of S. hystrix concentration on antioxidant activity, level of consumer acceptance, and chemical composition of the juice. The fresh S. hystrix used were washed, immersed for three days, and blended at a concentration of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50%, respectively. Meanwhile, the qualities of juice that were observed include yield, antioxidant activity, total phenol, water, ash, protein, and fiber content, formol number, total sugar, total plate count, and sensory analysis. The results showed that the S. hystrix juice had a value of yield 43.00-85.67%, pH 7.5, antioxidant activity 20.50-44.57%, total phenolic 32.78-293.11 mg GAE/g, water 93.03-95.39%, ash 0.36-6.34%, protein 0.88-4.96%, crude fiber 0.41-5.04%, formol number 15-21.67 mL N NaOH/100 mL, total sugar 3.10-4.61%, total plate count 2.3x103-4.3x103CFU/mL, sensory of color 1.83-2.95, flavor 2.49-3.29, and taste 2.29-3.50.

Design and construction of a localized surface plasmon resonance-based gold nanobiosensor for rapid detection of brucellosis

In this study, a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) nanobiosensor was designed to quantify anti-Brucella antibodies in the human sera. Smooth Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was extracted from Brucella melitensis via a modified hot phenol water method and fixed on the surface of the gold nanoparticles by covalent interactions with the functionalized nanoparticles. To obtain the best performance from the designed probe, the ratio of LPS to gold nanoparticle was optimized. Dynamic light scattering was used for the characterization of the probe. The reduction of the LSPR peak at 600nm was used to quantify the amount of captured anti-Brucella antibody. Finally, satisfactory results were obtained when the nanobiosensor was used to analyze the control and patient sera for the presence of anti-Brucella antibodies.

Extraction and Characterization of Lipopolysaccharide from Salmonella typhi

There is no standard process available for high purity LPS isolation, and it may be appropriate to mix two purification steps. For Salmonella typhi LPS that were subjected to normal microbiological & biochemical screening protocols, updated phenol-water extraction protocol & non-phenolic extraction methods were also used in present research. Pellet of crude LPS obtained with wet weight was 2.0 gm. yield of LPS was more by hot phenol method 1.94 mg/ml as compared to non-phenolic method 0.40 mg/ml. relative purity of LPS obtained by hot phenol method was more as compared to non-phenolic method, as protein content was 23.60 mg/ml in LPS extracted from hot phenol method & 26.62 mg/ ml in LPS extracted from non-phenolic method. However, Nucleic acid contain was comparable in LPS extracted from both methods. Qualitative analysis showed ladder like bands of LPS extracted by hot phenol method as compared to single band obtained for LPS extracted by non-phenolic method. Findings of silver staining clearly revealed ladder pattern of multi-rung bands that are characteristics of smooth form of gram negative bacteria due to difference in length of carbohydrate chain of O-antigen component. In order to clarify diseased conditions & better work on LPS profiling, this research may be crucial to lead to more successful diagnosis and care.

Catalysis and degradation of phenol in coking wastewater during low-rank coal coke gasification

The thermochemical-reaction characteristics of different concentrations of phenol water and gasification-coke at 1000 °C in a thermochemical reactor were experimentally studied.