Migrations in Late Mesoamerica

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-40
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Beekman
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Migrant Populations ◽  
Terminal Classic ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Context Specific ◽  
Political Economic

This chapter addresses recent research that identifies migration as a specific form of human movement in which social groups move into new social contexts. Migration is inherently disruptive to people’s lives, and it occurs embedded within political, economic, or social processes that make it highly context-specific. I discuss the history of theory in migration research, including recent shifts away from a concern with ethnicity in favour of communities of practice. Late Mesoamerica is a data-rich environment for the study of migration within its social context. The Classic period saw regional political systems that extended their reach economically or militarily and frequently had a demographic component. The widespread disruption of the Epiclassic or Terminal Classic periods included environmental change, political collapse, and a major reorganization of the social landscape. The Postclassic witnessed the re-emergence of complex societies claiming descent from migrant populations. The contributions to this volume come from many different disciplines and assess the timing, causes, perceptions, and impacts of migrations across a variety of social contexts. Political disruption, environmental change, and migration are frequently interrelated in ways reminiscent of our world today.

Scientific Advice for British India: Imperial Perceptions and Administrative Goals, 1898—1923

1975 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy M. MacLeod
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
The Political ◽  
British India ◽  
Commercial Exploitation ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Political Economic

In recent years there has been a continuing effort to place the history of scientific activity in Europe firmly in the political, economic and social contexts in which ideas and institutions have developed. Hitherto, however, comparatively little attention has been paid to the development of scientific institutions in the European colonial empires, or to the role of scientific activity in the commercial exploitation, civil government, or political development of individual countries.

scholarly journals System, technologia i wernakularne innowacje. Piotr Sitarski, Maria B. Garda, Krzysztof Jajko, Nowe media w PRL, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź 2020, ss. 250

2021 ◽  
pp. 470-477
Author(s):  
Mateusz Felczak
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations Theory ◽  
Satellite Television ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rich Data ◽  
Political Economic

System, Technology and Vernacular Innovations. Piotr Sitarski, Maria B. Garda, Krzysztof Jajko, Nowe media w PRL, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego, Łódź 2020, ss. 250. This review concerns New Media Behind the Iron Curtain: Cultural History of Video, Microcomputers and Satellite Television in Communist Poland (original title: New Media in Polish People’s Republic), a book co-authored by Piotr Sitarski, Maria B. Garda, and Krzysztof Jajko. The publication offers a unique insight into vernacular usages of new technology (videocassette recorders, microcomputers and satellite TV) during the last decades of the Communist rule in Poland. Making the diffusion of innovations theory its basic approach to the subject, the book grounds its claims using rich data including interviews, photographs and documents from the analyzed era. New Media presents a comprehensive, case study-focused approach to the analysis of political, economic and social contexts concerning the dissemination, appropriation and application of technological innovations by individual users.

Masculinity, Marriage and Migration

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 111-131
Author(s):  
Patcharin Lapanun
Keyword(s):  
Vietnam War ◽  
Thai Women ◽  
Recent Scholarship ◽  
Transnational Marriage ◽  
Caucasian Men ◽  
Advantageous Position ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Individual Choices

This article reviews the literature on masculinity and marriages, focusing on Thai women-farang (Caucasian) men marriages and how these relationships have been conceptualised. The review highlights the shift from emphasising the political, economic and international-relations dimensions that determine marriages to agency analysis, in which individual choices are informed by local and Western cultures/norms, global opportunities and local constraints. While studies have focused on women and their agency, men’s experiences are only beginning to emerge in recent scholarship, indicating both the negotiation and vulnerability of farang men coming from a more advantageous position. Studies of Thai-farang marriages have often centred on the presence of American troops in Thailand during the Vietnam War (1965–1975), while ignoring those that date back centuries. I posit that the history of transnational marriage should be considered in terms of changing structural conditions and that the balance between structural- and agency-centred explanations must be recognised.

scholarly journals Early Christian movements: Jesus movements and the renewal of Israel

2006 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Horsley
Keyword(s):  
New Testament ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
Economic Relationships ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
History Of ◽  
Village Communities ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Genuine Communication

This article investigates the origins and development of the earliest Jesus movements within the context of persistent conflict between the Judean and Galilean peasantry and their Jerusalem and Roman rulers. It explores the prominence of popular prophetic and messianic movements and shows how the earliest movements that formed in response to Jesus’ mission exhibit similar features and patterns. Jesus is not treated as separate from social roles and political-economic relationships. Viewing Jesus against the background of village communities in which people lived, the Gospels are understood as genuine communication with other people in historical social contexts. The article argues that the net effect of these interrelated factors of theologically determined New Testament interpretation is a combination of assumptions and procedures that would be unacceptable in the regular investigation of history. Another version of the essay was published in Horsley, Richard A (ed), A people’s history of Christianity, Volume 1: Christian origins, 23-46. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress.

scholarly journals Environmental Change and Migration in Morocco: What Has Been Done So Far?

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-59
Author(s):  
Lore Van Praag ◽  
Loubna Ou-Salah ◽  
Elodie Hut ◽  
Caroline Zickgraf
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Interesting Case ◽  
Environmental Migration ◽  
Migration History ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Migration ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Unexpected Outcomes ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBefore we delve further into the relationship between migration and environmental change, it is important to gain more insight into the migration history of Moroccans going abroad and the specific environmental changes faced by people in Morocco. Therefore, in the first part of this chapter, we outline the history of Moroccan migration to Europe in general and to Belgium in particular. Morocco provides an interesting case of study with regard to environmental migration, as in the second half of the twentieth century, Morocco evolved into one of the world’s leading emigration countries. Moroccan migration is one of the unexpected outcomes in which colonial migration, labour migration, family reunification, and, most recently, undocumented migration combine. Hence, there is a high degree of internal differentiation and dynamics within the migrant population of Morocco (De Haas 2007).

The Global Exchange of Food and Drugs

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe Fernández‐Armesto ◽  
Benjamin Sacks
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Change ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Recreational Drugs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Columbian Exchange ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Global Exchange ◽  
Crucial Part

There are few more intriguing problems in the history of consumption than that of how cultural barriers to the transmission of foods and drugs have been traversed or broken. Environmental change is a crucial part of the background of global exchanges of food and drugs. The process we have come to know as ‘the Columbian exchange’ of the last half-millennium made it possible to transplant crops to new climates, by a mixture of adaptation and accident. Shifts of religion can also play a big part. This article discusses the global exchange of food and drugs. After briefly considering imperialism and migration, which are inescapable parts of the background of trade, it focuses on trade itself, which is probably the biggest single influence on the global exchange of commodities such as salt, sugar and spice, psychotropic beverages, and therapeutic and recreational drugs. The article concludes with a discussion on food and drugs in the era of global trade.

Intraocular tuberculosis, a challenge in diagnosis and treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Martina Larroude ◽  
Gustavo Ariel Budmann
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Ocular Tuberculosis ◽  
Industrial Countries ◽  
Choroidal Granuloma ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Ocular Tb

Ocular tuberculosis (TB) is an extrapulmonary tuberculous condition and has variable manifestations. The incidence of TB is still high in developing countries, and a steady increase in new cases has been observed in industrial countries as a result of the growing number of immunodeficient patients and migration from developing countries. Choroidal granuloma is a rare and atypical location of TB. We present a case of a presumptive choroidal granuloma. This case exposes that diagnosis can be remarkably challenging when there is no history of pulmonary TB. The recognition of clinical signs of ocular TB is extremely important since it provides a clinical pathway toward tailored investigations and decision making for initiating anti-TB therapy and to ensure a close follow-up to detect the development of any complication.

Mind Cure

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wakoh Shannon Hickey
Keyword(s):  
White Male ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Scientific Psychology ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Gender ◽  
First Americans ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Political Economic

Mindfulness is widely claimed to improve health and performance, and historians typically say that efforts to promote meditation and yoga therapeutically began in the 1970s. In fact, they began much earlier, and that early history offers important lessons for the present and future. This book traces the history of mind-body medicine from eighteenth-century Mesmerism to the current Mindfulness boom and reveals how religion, race, and gender have shaped events. Many of the first Americans to advocate meditation for healing were women leaders of the Mind Cure movement, which emerged in the late nineteenth century. They believed that by transforming their consciousness, they could also transform oppressive circumstances in which they lived, and some were activists for social reform. Trained by Buddhist and Hindu missionaries, these women promoted meditation through personal networks, religious communities, and publications. Some influenced important African American religious movements, as well. For women and black men, Mind Cure meant not just happiness but liberation in concrete political, economic, and legal terms. The Mind Cure movement exerted enormous pressure on mainstream American religion and medicine, and in response, white, male doctors and clergy with elite academic credentials appropriated some of its methods and channeled them into scientific psychology and medicine. As mental therapeutics became medicalized, individualized, and then commodified, the religious roots of meditation, like the social justice agendas of early Mind Curers, fell away. After tracing how we got from Mind Cure to Mindfulness, this book reveals what got lost in the process.

History of Education Policymaking in India, 1947-2016

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.V. Vaidyanatha Ayyar
Keyword(s):  
Education Policy ◽  
History Of Education ◽  
Indian Education ◽  
The Political ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Education Commission ◽  
History Of ◽  
Judicial Policymaking ◽  
Political Economic

This book chronicles the history of education policymaking in India. The focus of the book is on the period from 1964 when the landmark Kothari Commission was constituted; however, to put the policy developments in this period into perspective major developments since the Indian Education Commission (1882) have been touched upon. The distinctiveness of the book lies in the rare insights which come from the author’s experience of making policy at the state, national and international levels; it is also the first book on the making of Indian education policy which brings to bear on the narrative comparative and historical perspectives it, which pays attention to the process and politics of policymaking and the larger setting –the political and policy environment- in which policies were made at different points of time, which attempts to subject regulation of education to a systematic analyses the way regulation of utilities or business or environment had been, and integrates judicial policymaking with the making and implementation of education policies. In fact for the period subsequent to 1979, there have been articles- may be a book or two- on some aspects of these developments individually; however, there is no comprehensive narrative that covers developments as a whole and places them against the backdrop of national and global political, economic, and educational developments.

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