scholarly journals Depression and Functional Mobility Decline in Long Term Care Home Residents with Dementia: a Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-331
Author(s):  
Charlene H. Chu ◽  
Amanda My Linh Quan ◽  
Katherine S. McGilton
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Care Home ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Minute Walk

Objective  Assess the association between depression among new long-term care residents (<3 months stay) with dementia and functional mobility decline.  Methods  A multi-site prospective cohort study was carried out among 26 participants diagnosed with dementia. Functional mobility was measured by Timed-Up-and-Go (TUG) and 2-Minute walk test (2MWT) at baseline, and 60-day post-baseline while participants received usual care. Linear mixed models were applied to examine the association between depression and functional mobility decline.  Results  Residents experienced a statistically significant decline in functional mobility in as soon as 60 days. Each additional year of age was associated with a 2% increase in TUG. The interaction between depression and time spent in LTC was statistically significant. Age and time living in LTC were significantly associated with functional mobility decline in new residents with dementia.  Discussion  Further work determining why residents with dementia experience decline in functional mobility at an accelerated rate is needed. 

scholarly journals Social participation and the combination of future needs for long-term care and mortality among older Japanese people: a prospective cohort study from the Aichi Gerontological Evaluation Study (AGES)

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e030500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sei Takahashi ◽  
Toshiyuki Ojima ◽  
Katsunori Kondo ◽  
Sayaka Shimizu ◽  
Shunichi Fukuhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Social Participation ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Term Care

ObjectivesOur study aimed to examine the longitudinal association between social participation and both mortality and the need for long-term care (LTC) simultaneously.DesignA prospective cohort study with 9.4 years of follow-up.SettingSix Japanese municipalities.ParticipantsThe participants were 15 313 people who did not qualify to receive LTC insurance at a baseline based on the data from the Aichi Gerontological Evaluation Study (AGES, 2003–2013). They received a questionnaire to measure social participation and other potential confounders. Social participation was defined as participating in at least one organisation from eight categories.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcomes were classified into three categories at the end of the 9.4 years observational period: living without the need for LTC, living with the need for LTC and death. We estimated the adjusted OR (AOR) using multinomial logistic regression analyses with adjustment for possible confounders.ResultsThe primary analysis included 9741 participants. Multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that social participation was associated with a significantly lower risk of the need for LTC (AOR 0.82, 95% CI 0.69 to 0.97) or death (AOR 0.78, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.88).ConclusionsSocial participation may be associated with a decreased risk of the need for LTC and mortality among elderly patients.

scholarly journals Relationship between Mortality and Oral Function of Older People Requiring Long-Term Care in Rural Areas of Japan: A Four-Year Prospective Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1723
Author(s):  
Shiho Morishita ◽  
Yuki Ohara ◽  
Masanori Iwasaki ◽  
Ayako Edahiro ◽  
Keiko Motokawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Oral Function ◽  
Oral Dryness

Oral ingestion influences the life sustenance, quality of life, and dignity of older adults. Thus, it is an important issue in medical care and the welfare of older adults. The purpose of this four-year prospective cohort study was to investigate the relationship between mortality and oral function among older adults who required long-term care and were living in different settings in a rural area of Japan. This study included 289 participants aged 65 and older who required long-term care and lived in the former Omorimachi area in Yokote City, Akita Prefecture, located in northern Japan. Following the baseline survey, mortality data were collected over four years; 102 participants (35.3%) died during that time. A significant difference was noted in the overall survival rates between the groups with good and deterioration of oral function such as oral dryness, rinsing ability, swallowing function, and articulation, based on Log-rank test results. After adjusting for various potential confounders using Cox proportional-hazards regression, oral dryness (HR: 1.83, 95% confidence interval: 1.12−3.00) was significantly associated with mortality within four years. This study revealed that oral dryness influences the life prognosis of older adults who receive long-term care in different settings.

scholarly journals Association Between the Swallowing Reflex and the Development of Aspiration Pneumonia in Patients with Dysphagia Admitted to Long-term Care Wards -A Prospective Cohort Study of 60 Days-

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoya Omura ◽  
Miwa Matsuyama ◽  
Shota Nishioka ◽  
Shomu Sagawa ◽  
Masaya Seto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Aspiration Pneumonia ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Predictive Factor ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Swallowing Reflex ◽  
Abnormal Group

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association between the simple swallowing provocation test (SSPT) and development of aspiration pneumonia in patients with dysphagia in long-term care (LTC) wards.DesignThe study design was a prospective cohort study. Subjects were followed for 60 days from admission.SettingLTC wards.ParticipantsStudy subjects were patients with dysphagia aged 65 years or older who were admitted to LTC wards between August 2018 and August 2019. In total, 39 subjects were included in the analysis (20 males, 19 females; mean age 83.8 ± 8.5 years). Subjects were divided into two groups based on SSPT results: normal swallowing reflex (SSPT normal group) and abnormal swallowing reflex (SSPT abnormal group). The covariates were age and sex, primary disease, history of cerebrovascular disease, Glasgow coma scale, body mass index, geriatric nutritional risk index, the mann assessment of swallowing ability, food intake level scale, functional independence measure, and oral health assessment tool.InterventionsNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasureThe outcome was the incidence of aspiration pneumonia during the first 60 days of hospitalization, and the predictive factor was SSPT: 0.4 ml.ResultsThe incidence of aspiration pneumonia was 33.3% in the SSPT normal group and 76.2% in the SSPT abnormal group. The phi coefficient was −0.43, the risk ratio was 2.29, and the 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 1.14 to 4.58. The predictive factor for aspiration pneumonia was SSPT: 0.4 ml (95% CI: 1.57–26.03).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the SSPT provides a valid index for the development of aspiration pneumonia in older patients with dysphagia admitted to LTC wards.

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