A Dream Coming True: The Netherlands and the Creation of the European Common Market, 1984–1989

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Jan van der Harst
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Common Market ◽  
The Creation

The creation of a socially diverse neighbourhood in Utrecht, the Netherlands

2019 ◽  
pp. 147-164
Author(s):  
Flórián Sipos ◽  
Alfons Fermin ◽  
Sandra Geelhoed ◽  
Rob Gründemann
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
The Creation

Universities and the Creation of Spin-off Companies

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan A. Kobus
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
The University

The article reports on the creation of spin-off companies at the University of Twente in The Netherlands. Two programmes are discussed: The TOP and the TOS programmes. In the TOP programme graduates of the university are encouraged to start their own knowledge-intensive companies. Since 1986 94 of these companies have been started. In the TOS programme product ideas are identified within existing companies and matched with entrepreneurs.

False confessions after repeated interrogation: the Putten Murder Case

2002 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLEM A. WAGENAAR
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
False Memories ◽  
Criminal Investigation ◽  
False Confessions ◽  
Effective Protection ◽  
Innocent People ◽  
Serious Crime ◽  
Interrogation Techniques ◽  
The Creation

Suggestive or misleading interrogation techniques may have the effect that innocent people start to remember having committed a serious crime. Confessions are therefore not the best possible evidence, especially not when it is obvious that the interrogation contained elements of suggestion and deception. The problem is illustrated by a case that has become famous in The Netherlands, because two innocent men were imprisoned for about eight years, after obviously false confessions. The confessions were obtained during long and repeated interrogations in which various types of psychological deception were used. In the end, the amount of contradiction, and even of sheer impossibilities, made it clear that the confessions were false and the men innocent. Some of the literature on the creation of false memories is reviewed. It is argued that the practice of criminal investigation may elicit even stronger effects, because empirical research is constrained by ethical limits. The objective of criminal investigation seems to put no limit on what is deemed acceptable, even though we know quite well that the elicitation of false confessions is a serious risk. European agreements about criminal interrogation techniques may provide an effective protection against undesirable practices; but it will not be easy to convince the European legislators of this.

LHBTI1-discriminatie en werk

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-279
Author(s):  
Michiel Odijk
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Social Climate ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Creation

Abstract As a result of a changing mentality in the 1980s in the Netherlands, the dismissal of workers because of their sexual orientation started to raise public indignation and contributed to the creation of lesbian/gay (later: LGBTI) groups in trade unions. Since then, discriminatory dismissals have become outlawed. These union groups, however, had and still have a broader agenda: inclusiveness in collective labour agreements and improving the social climate at work are major issues. Issues that still need to be studied include discrimination and exclusion mechanisms faced by bisexual and by intersex workers and how unions can stand up against these.

scholarly journals The Klinsky Press Agency Finding Aid at the Art Gallery of Ontario

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Yarnell
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Art Gallery ◽  
Access Points ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Art Gallery Of Ontario

The Klinsky collection (comprised of Klinsky I and Klinsky II) contains over 20,000 press photographs from the 1930s and 1940s and was amassed by Emil Klinsky, the owner and operator of Recla, a picture distribution agency located in Amsterdam. Operating primarily during the 1930s, Klinsky at the helm of Recla, handled picture distribution in the Netherlands for numerous media agencies in Germany. The Klinsky I collection encompasses 9,236 press photographs, assembled from illustrated magazines and press agencies from the 1930s. The Art Gallery of Ontario acquired it in 2002 from the Archive of Modern Conflict. Although the Klinsky collection is one of largest photographic collection at the Art Gallery of Ontario, access to the collection is hindered by its lack of organization. The creation of a finding aid enables new access points to the collection which will facilitate and promote research. An intellectual arrangement based on 16 subject terms was implemented, and a database was created to reflect the new organization of the contents.

European Economic Community and European Atomic Energy Community

1958 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-261
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
European Community ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
Atomic Energy ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Energy Community

The European community treaties establishing the European Economic Community (common market) and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) were ratified by Italy on October 9, 1957. by Luxembourg on November 26, by Belgium on November 28 and by the Netherlands on December 5 With the ratification thus completed the treaties came into force on January 1, 1958.

Structural Vulnerabilities of the Transnational Sphere

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-63
Author(s):  
Jonathan White
Keyword(s):  
European Integration ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Action Coordination ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Institutional Field ◽  
The 1950S

Since its origins in the 1950s, European integration has entailed the creation of institutions whose rationale is to advance and maintain certain policy ends, notably the ‘four freedoms’ of the common market. As this chapter argues, the effect is that policy commitments have tended to be privileged over procedural arrangements. Rather than self-standing entities that can be put to different ends, broadly on the model of the modern state, one sees institutions evolving with the policies, and liable to be side-stepped should they fail to serve those ends. A non-hierarchical constitutional structure does little to inhibit these restructurings, indeed arguably gives further encouragement. The ideas and practices of emergency become ways to galvanize action, coordination, and innovation across a diverse and potentially recalcitrant institutional field.

The Challenge of a Jewish State

2015 ◽  
pp. 135-180
Author(s):  
David H. Weinberg
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Jewish Identity ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Jewish Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Jewish State ◽  
The Creation ◽  
First Time ◽  
State Of Israel

This chapter investigates the first of three external challenges which defined Jewish life in western Europe in the late 1940s and 1950s. This was the creation of the State of Israel in 1948. For the first time in modern history, Jews could choose whether or not to live in the diaspora. There were hundreds of survivors in Belgium, France, and the Netherlands who were convinced that they had no future in Europe and migrated to Palestine as soon as they could. Those who chose not to were now forced to think more seriously about their decision to remain in western Europe. Zionist stalwarts, in particular, were challenged to reassess their role now that the Jewish state was a reality. What resulted was a transformation in collective and personal behaviour and attitudes that largely strengthened collective Jewish identity and commitment.

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