Aussteigen um 1900

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ernst Bloch ◽  
Hermann Hesse ◽  
Hermann Broch ◽  
Rudolf Von Laban ◽  
Mary Wigman

Die Visionen der Lebensreformer auf dem Monte Verità inspirierten Schriftsteller wie Hermann Broch, der selber ein Aussteiger war. Im verheißungsvollen Jahr 1900 gründeten Ida Hofmann und Henri Oedenkoven eine lebensreformerische Heilanstalt in Ascona, beeinflusst von Ideen Rudolf Steiners sowie Friedrich Nietzsches. Viele Spielarten des Aussteigens - von unpolitischen über sozialistische und anarchistische Positionen - waren in Ascona vertreten. Neben Karl und Gusto Gräser, Otto Gross und Erich Mühsam hospitierten in der Kommune Schriftstellerinnen und Schriftsteller wie Hermann Hesse, Ernst Bloch, Yvan und Claire Goll, Franziska zu Reventlow, Emmy Hennings, Hugo Ball und Oskar Maria Graf. Willkommen waren auch Vertreter der neuen Tanzkunst wie Rudolf von Laban und seine Mitarbeiterin Mary Wigman. Der Band untersucht die Faszination, die Nietzsches Philosophie auf die Kommune ausübte, sowie Spuren der Reformideen, die in der Medizin, der Architektur und der Literatur der Moderne zu entdecken sind. Sieben Aufsätze beleuchten erstmals Hermann Brochs Beziehungen zu diesen Gegenwelten, denn 1927 verkaufte er die Fabrik seiner Familie, schaffte mit vierzig Jahren den Berufswechsel vom Industriellen zum Schriftsteller und schuf in Wien sowie im amerikanischen Exil ein Erzählwerk voller Aussteigerfiguren.

IDENTITY BECOMES AN ISSUE: EUROPEAN LITERATURE IN THE 1920S

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
GERALD IZENBERG
Keyword(s):  
Virginia Woolf ◽  
Luigi Pirandello ◽  
Collective Identities ◽  
World War One ◽  
Hermann Hesse ◽  
European Literature ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hermann Broch ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Eternal Feminine

The meaning of “identity” in its contemporary sense of “who—or what—I am” is of relatively recent vintage. It became current as a concept of individual and group psychology only through Erik Erikson's work in the 1950s and its extension to collectivities in the social and political upheavals of the 1960s. But an important strand of European literature began calling the possibility of fixed self-definition into question in the 1920s, occasionally even deploying the word “identity” explicitly. In the work of Hermann Hesse, Virginia Woolf, Luigi Pirandello, Robert Musil, Hermann Broch and Franz Kafka, the dualistic representation of selfhood prevalent in much of prewar modernism gave way to the image of an infinitely fragmented and ontologically unfounded self not exhausted by any, or even the sum, of its many possible designations. For these authors, the events and aftermath of World War One desacralized a whole range of abstract collective identities—national or imperial citizen, cultured European, gebildete bourgeois, manly male, the spiritual “eternal feminine”—which had furnished the most deeply rooted and honored individual identities of prewar Europe. As a consequence, identity itself was undermined. The paradox of the birth of identity is that it was discovered in the negation of its very possibility.

Gesture, Interruption, Vibration: Rethinking Early Twentieth-Century Gestural Theory and Practice in Walter Benjamin, Rudolf von Laban, and Mary Wigman

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Ruprecht
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Contemporary Dance ◽  
Historical Inquiry ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Actual Mode ◽  
Rudolf Von Laban ◽  
Mary Wigman

This article compares Rudolf von Laban's and Mary Wigman's practices and theories of gestural flow with Walter Benjamin's theory of gesture as interruption. For Laban and Wigman, gesture mirrors a vitalist understanding of life that is based on the rediscovery of transhistorical continuities between human and cosmic energy. Benjamin's Brechtian gestures address inscriptions and manipulations of bodies, which provide comment on the conditions of society by subjecting to critique the essentializing aspects of historical and vitalist flow. Addressing in particular forms of vibration as both enriching and destabilizing the gestural from its margins, my article explores how vibratory energy indicates a self-reflexive theory of media, but also a revolutionary charge, in Benjamin; how it engenders a politically ambivalent process of transmission between dancers and audience in Laban; and how it becomes an actual mode of movement in Wigman. The historical inquiry contributes to a genealogy of vibration in contemporary dance.

Gestures of Vibrating (Interruption) in Rudolf von Laban, Mary Wigman, and Walter Benjamin

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-86
Author(s):  
Lucia Ruprecht
Keyword(s):  
Walter Benjamin ◽  
Action Mode ◽  
Historical Inscriptions ◽  
Rudolf Von Laban ◽  
Mary Wigman

This chapter compares Rudolf von Laban’s and Mary Wigman’s practices and theories of vibrant gestural flow with Walter Benjamin’s theory of gesture as vibrant or intervallic interruption. For Laban and Wigman, gesture mirrors a vitalist understanding of life that is based on the assumption of transhistorical continuities of vibratory exchange between human and cosmic energy. Benjamin’s Brechtian gestures, by contrast, address historical inscriptions and manipulations of bodies, which provide comment on the conditions of society by subjecting to critique aspects of the idea of flow that pertain to unquestioned political figurations of power. This chapter thus explores three gestural manipulations of vibrant energy, and shows what they engender: in Laban, a process of transmission between dancers and spectators; in Wigman, an “action mode” of movement, which she called “vibrato”; and, in Benjamin, a possibility for philosophical insight, but also a disruptive revolutionary charge.

Reflexões acerca do marxismo “herético” de Ernst Bloch

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-155
Author(s):  
Marta Maria Aragão Maciel
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Ernst Bloch ◽  
Ernest Bloch ◽  
Radical Critique ◽  
Enrique Dussel ◽  
Principal Work ◽  
The Relationship

Resumo: O presente texto objetiva uma abordagem, no interior do pensamento de Ernst Bloch (1885/1977), acerca da relação entre marxismo e utopia: um vínculo incomum no interior do marxismo, comumente tido numa oposição inconciliável. Daí a apropriação do termo “herético” em referência ao marxismo do autor alemão: a expressão é usada não em sentido pejorativo, mas apenas para situar seu distanciamento do marxismo vulgar, bem como sua intenção de crítica radical dessa tradição. Aqui entendemos que é, em particular, por meio da relação entre marxismo e utopia que o pensamento de Ernst Bloch aparece como um projeto inelutavelmente político com vistas a uma filosofia da práxis concreta na principal obra do autor: O Princípio esperança (Das Prinzip Hoffnung) [1954/1959]. Neste livro encontramos, com efeito, a tentativa de pensar a atualidade do marxismo para o contexto do século XX, a era das catástrofes, conforme definição do historiador Eric Hobsbawm. Palavras-chave: Marxismo. Utopia. Dialética. Crítica social. Cultura.  Abstract: This paper presents an approach within the thinking of Ernst Bloch (1885/1977) about the relation between Marxism and Utopia: an unusual link within Marxism, commonly held in an irreconcilable opposition. Hence the appropriation of the term "heretical" in reference to the German author's Marxism: the expression is used not in a pejorative sense, but only to situate its distancing from vulgar Marxism, as well as its intention of a radical critique of this tradition. Here we understand that it is particularly through the relationship between Marxism and Utopia that Ernst Bloch's thought appears as an ineluctably political project with a view to a philosophy of concrete praxis in the principal work of the author: The Principle Hope (Das Prinzip Hoffnung) [1954/1959]. In this book we find, in effect, the attempt to think the actuality of Marxism in the context of the age of catastrophe - as defined by Eric Hobsbawm - that is, the long twentieth century that experienced the extreme barbarism of the concentration camp, of which the thinker in question, Jewish and Communist, managed to escape.  Keywords: Marxism. Utopia. Dialectics. Social criticismo. Culture. REFERÊNCIAS   ALBORNOZ, Suzana. O enigma da Esperança: Ernst Bloch e as margens da história do espírito. Petrópolis, RJ: Vozes, 1995.   ALBORNOZ, Suzana. Ética e utopia: ensaio sobre Ernst Bloch. 2ª edição. Porto Alegre: Movimento; Santa Cruz do Sul: EdUSC, 2006.  BICCA, Luiz. Marxismo e liberdade. São Paulo: Loyola, 1987.  BLOCH, Ernst. Filosofia del Rinascimento. Trad. it. de Gabriella Bonacchi e Katia Tannenbaum. Bologna: il Mulino, 1981.     BLOCH, Ernst. Héritage de ce temps. Trad. Jean Lacoste. Paris: Payot, 1978.  BLOCH, Ernst. O Princípio Esperança [1954-1959]. Vol. I.  Trad. br. Nélio Schneider. Rio de Janeiro: EdUERJ; Contraponto, 2005.   BLOCH, Ernst. O Princípio Esperança [1954-1959]. Vol. II. Trad. br. Werner Fuchs. Rio de Janeiro: EdUERJ; Contraponto, 2006.   BLOCH, Ernst. O Princípio Esperança [1954-1959]. Vol. III. Trad. br. Nélio Schneider. Rio de Janeiro: EdUERJ; Contraponto, 2006.  BLOCH, Ernst. Du rêve à l’utopie: Entretiens philosophiques. Textos escolhidos e prefaciados por Arno Münster. Paris: Hermann, 2016.  BLOCH, Ernst. Thomas Münzer, Teólogo da Revolução [1963]. Trad. br. Vamireh Chacon e Celeste Aída Galeão. Rio de Janeiro: Tempo Brasileiro, 1973.  BLOCH, Ernst. L’esprit de l’utopie, [1918-1023]. Trad. fr. de Anne Marie Lang e Catherine Tiron-Audard. Paris: Gallimard, 1977.  BLOCH, Ernst. El pensamiento de Hegel. Trad. esp. de Wenceslao Roces. Mexico; Buenos Aires: Fondo de Cultura Economica, 1963.   BOURETZ, Pierre. Testemunhas do futuro: filosofia e messianismo. Trad. J. Guinsburg. São Paulo: Perspectiva, 2011, p. 690.  FREUD, Sigmund. Los sueños [1900-1901]. Trad. Luis Lopez-Ballesteros et al., Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva, 1981.  FREUD, Sigmund. A Interpretação dos sonhos. Vol. I. Trad. Jayme Salomão. Rio de Janeiro: Imago, 2006.  HORKHEIMER, Max. Filosofia e teoria crítica. In: Textos escolhidos. Trad. de José Lino Grünnewald. São Paulo: Abril Cultural, 1980, p. 155 (Coleção Os Pensadores.). MÜNSTER, Arno. Ernst Bloch: filosofia da práxis e utopia concreta. São Paulo: UNESP, 1993.     MÜNSTER, Arno. Utopia, Messianismo e Apocalipse nas primeiras de Ernst Bloch. Trad. br. de Flávio Beno Siebeneichler. São Paulo: UNESP, 1997.  PIRON-AUDARD, Catherine. Anthropologie marxiste et psychanalyse selon Ernst Bloch. In: RAULET, Gérard (org.). Utopie-marxisme selon Ernst Bloch: un système de l'inconstructible. Payot: Paris, 1976. VIEIRA, Antonio Rufino. Princípio esperança e a “herança intacta do marxismo” em Ernst Bloch. In: Anais do 5° Coloquio Internacional Marx-Engels. Campinas: CEMARX/Unicamp. Disponível em: <www.unicamp.br / cemarx_v_coloquio_arquivos_arquivos /comunicacoes/gt1/sessao6/Antonio_Rufi no.pdf>.  VIEIRA, Antonio Rufino. Marxismo e libertação: estudos sobre Ernst Bloch e Enrique Dussel. São Leopoldo: Nova Harmonia, 2010.  RAULET, Gérard (Organizador). Utopie - marxisme selon Ernst Bloch: un sistème de l’inconstructible. Paris: Payot, 1976.  ZECCHI, Stefano. Ernest Bloch: Utopia y Esperanza en el Comunismo [1974]. Trad. esp. de Enric Pérez Nadal, Barcellona: Península, 1978.  

SIDHARTA KARYA HERMANN HESSE DAN DI TEPI SUNGAI PIEDRA AKU DUDUK DAN MENANGIS KARYA PAULO COELHO DALAM FILSAFAT EKSISTENSIALISME DAN PENCARIAN PENCERAHAN

Paramasastra ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suharmono Kasiyun
Keyword(s):  
Hermann Hesse

Karya sastra merupakan suatu bentuk filsafat yang dibungkus dalam bentuk khusus. Tulisan ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan mendeskripsikan nilai filsafat eksistensialisme dan pencarian pencerahan yang terkandung dalam novel karya Hermann Hesse dan Paulo Coelho. Titik tolak metode eksistenasial, tidak seorang pun dapat meraih kebenaran hanya dengan menonton atau hanya dengan melakukan observasi. Kebenaran hanya diperoleh oleh orang  yang berperan dalam kehidupan itu sendiri.Untuk meraih kebenaran itu Siddharta dalam novel Siddharta  dan pacar Pilar dalam  Di Tepi Sungai Piedra Aku Duduk dan Menangis. Siddhartamenemukan pencerahan setelah berinteraksi dengan alam. Pencapaian Siddharta setelah melalui berbagai macam proses interaksi merupakan wujud eksistensinya. Demikian juga pacar Pilar dalam Di tepi Sungai Piedra Aku Duduk dan Menangis, menemukan pencerahan pada jalan religi setelah melakukan interaksi secara horisontal kepada sesama manusia.

Book Reviews

Theoria ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (162) ◽  
pp. 117-126
Author(s):  
David James ◽  
Bahareh Ebne Alian ◽  
Jean Terrier
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
Columbia University ◽  
University Of Chicago ◽  
Ernst Bloch ◽  
Forms Of Life ◽  
University Of Chicago Press

The Actual and the Rational: Hegel and Objective Spirit, by Jean-François Kervégan. Translated by Daniela Ginsburg and Martin Shuster. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2018. xxiii + 384 pp.Avicenna and the Aristotelian Left, by Ernst Bloch. Translated by Loren Goldman and Peter Thompson. New York: Columbia University Press, 2019. xxvi +109 pp.Critique of Forms of Life, by Rahel Jaeggi. Translated by Ciaran Cronin. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2018. xx + 395 pp.

Utopie et marxisme selon Ernst Bloch

1966 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Furter
Keyword(s):  
Ernst Bloch

Editorial

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Ingo Cornils
Keyword(s):  
William Blake ◽  
Hermann Hesse

Erfahrung, so der englische Dichter William Blake (1757-1827), kostet den Menschen alles was er hat.1 Für den deutsch-schweizerischen Schriftsteller Hermann Hesse (1877-1962), der dem englischen Mystiker in seiner Unbedingtheit auf vielfältige Weise ähnelt,2 trifft diese Maxime sicherlich im besonderen Maße zu. Aufgewachsen in einer pietistisch frommen Familie, wurde sein ,Eigensinn‘ von frühester Jugend an systematisch herausgefordert. Eltern und Lehrer versuchten mit allen Mitteln, seinen Willen zu brechen: eine brutale Form der Erziehung, die der junge Hesse mit Eskapaden, Flucht und einem Selbstmordversuch beantwortete. Gleichzeitig wurden die religiösen Eckpfeiler, das Bewusstsein von Gut und Böse, von Schuld und Verdammnis, von Himmel und Hölle, tief in seine Psyche eingepflanzt. Das Problem einer dualistisch konstruierten Welt sollte ihn sein Leben lang beschäftigen und zu einem Gegenentwurf herausfordern, der die Vielfältigkeit der erfahrbaren Welt schätzt und gleichzeitig die Einheit hinter den Gegensätzen betont.

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