B. Marine litter in the regulatory framework of the Baltic Sea

2015 ◽  
pp. 168-189
Author(s):  
Aleke Stöfen-O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Marine Litter ◽  
The Baltic

Regulating the Baltic Sea – A Showcase of Normative Pluralism

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 347-376
Author(s):  
Viljam Engström
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Soft Law ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
Regulatory Impact ◽  
Normative Pluralism ◽  
The One ◽  
The Baltic

The Baltic Sea Region (BSR) faces several challenges, not the least in respect of the poor state of the sea itself. The regulatory framework governing the BSR is complex, displaying a multi-layered structure with up to five regulatory levels. The regulatory scene is also characterised by many features that could be assumed under the umbrella of post-national rulemaking. This article discusses features of the pluralisation of BSR regulation. The BSR regulatory framework is on the one hand rich with regulatory initiatives at the fringes of both ‘actorness’ and ‘ruleness’. On the other hand, the framework is characterised by cross-fertilisation between regulatory layers. Such interaction can add to the regulatory impact of normatively soft acts, but can also come with drawbacks. In any case, the article claims, a complete picture of BSR regulation can only be attained through an appreciation of normative pluralism. Keywords: Baltic Sea, Post-National Rulemaking, European Union, Soft-Law, Framework Instruments, Pluralism, Helcom

Consumer as a source of marine litter: Eye-tracking research in Baltic Sea coastal area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indre Razbadauskaite Venske ◽  
Inga Dailidiene ◽  
Remigijus Dailide ◽  
Vitalijus Kondrat ◽  
Egle Baltranaite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Marine Litter ◽  
The Baltic

<p>This part is one of the research components for the Ph.D. thesis of geographical sustainable consumption which analyzes the influence of daily household waste causing a significant increase in marine litter. According to the "Marine Litter Socio-economic" study typical items founded on urban beaches usually are bottle caps, plastic bags, plastic food containers, wrappers, and plastic cutlery. In general, 48% of marine litter is caused by household-related waste and 70% of marine litter are plastics in the Baltic Sea (UN Environment, 2017; Helcom, 2018ad).</p><p>The main aim of this socio-economic research part is to investigate consumer as a source of marine litter in the Baltic Sea (pilot: Lithuania). It combines both qualitative and quantitative methods. Eye-tracker assists in the analysis of gaze points data which is collected on the beach photos with marine litter (focus on macro litter). Semi-structured interviews provide more in-depth insights about consumer behavior and habits. </p><p>Thus, the main goal of this research is to find out and introduce awareness-raising activities among consumers that minimize marine litter and prevent waste generation behavior. To sum up, it is interdisciplinary research that combines three different areas: physical geography, environmental protection, and marketing with a special focus on consumer behavior.</p>

scholarly journals Scale, origin and spatial distribution of marine litter pollution in the Lithuanian coastal zone of the Baltic Sea

Baltica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (special) ◽  
pp. 39-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arūnas Balčiūnas ◽  
Nerijus Blažauskas
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Marine Pollution ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Dominant Type ◽  
Marine Litter ◽  
The Baltic

The first attempt to investigate the marine litter pollution level of the Lithuanian coastal zone was carried out based on different marine litter monitoring methods and according to the lists of identifiable items. The results have proven that plastic is the dominant type of marine litter. It seems that tourism and fishery related marine litter occurrence do not significantly depend on seasonal variations. The outcome of the study will serve as basic information for future inventory of the character of marine pollution, provide the scientifically grounded limit value for Good Environmental Status (GES) assessment in the Lithuanian coastal zone, and will contribute for the enhancement of the ecological status of the south–eastern coasts of the Baltic Sea.

Marine litter at the seafloor – Abundance and composition in the North Sea and the Baltic Sea

2018 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 774-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Kammann ◽  
Marc-Oliver Aust ◽  
Horst Bahl ◽  
Thomas Lang
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
North Sea ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Marine Litter ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Baltic

Temporal and spatial sedimentation rate variabilities in the eastern Gotland Basin, the Baltic Sea

Boreas ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Christiansen ◽  
Helmar Kunzendorf ◽  
Kay-Christian Emeis ◽  
Rudolf Endler ◽  
Ulrich Struck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Gotland Basin ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
The Baltic

Russian Oil: Production and Exports

2003 ◽  
pp. 136-146
Author(s):  
K. Liuhto
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Oil Transportation ◽  
Sea Ports ◽  
The Baltic

Statistical data on reserves, production and exports of Russian oil are provided in the article. The author pays special attention to the expansion of opportunities of sea oil transportation by construction of new oil terminals in the North-West of the country and first of all the largest terminal in Murmansk. In his opinion, one of the main problems in this sphere is prevention of ecological accidents in the process of oil transportation through the Baltic sea ports.

Paleoecological study of bottom sediments of the lake Goluboye (Karelian Isthmus) according to the results of diatom analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 265-269
Author(s):  
Angelina E. Shatalova ◽  
Uriy A. Kublitsky ◽  
Dmitry A. Subetto ◽  
Anna V. Ludikova ◽  
Alar Rosentau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Karelian Isthmus ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Diatom Analysis ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
The Baltic

The study of paleogeography of lakes is an actual and important direction in modern science. As part of the study of lakes in the North-West of the Karelian Isthmus, this analysis will establish the dynamics of salinity of objects, which will allow to reconstruct changes in the level of the Baltic Sea in the Holocene.

Holocene diatom biostratigraphy of the SW Gulf of Gdańsk, Southern Baltic Sea (part III)

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Leśniewska ◽  
Małgorzata Witak
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Gulf Of Gdańsk ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Southern Baltic Sea ◽  
Gulf Of Gdansk ◽  
Southern Baltic ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Palaeoenvironmental Changes

Holocene diatom biostratigraphy of the SW Gulf of Gdańsk, Southern Baltic Sea (part III)The palaeoenvironmental changes of the south-western part of the Gulf of Gdańsk during the last 8,000 years, with reference to the stages of the Baltic Sea, were reconstructed. Diatom analyses of two cores taken from the shallower and deeper parts of the basin enabled the conclusion to be drawn that the microflora studied developed in the three Baltic phases: Mastogloia, Littorina and Post-Littorina. Moreover, the so-called anthropogenic assemblage was observed in subbottom sediments of the study area.

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