scholarly journals Dyslipidemia and Endocrine Disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mezgebu Legesse Habte ◽  
Etsegenet Assefa Beyene ◽  
Teka Obsa Feyisa
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
World Health ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Endocrine Disorder ◽  
Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Health Organization

Dyslipidemia is one of the most common risk factors for the most prevalent and fatal non-communicable diseases (NCDs); cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, chronic respiratory disease and diabetes and other. According to world health organization (WHO) report effective management of dyslipidemia can reduce incidence and mortality rate by NCDs up to 30%. Dyslipidemia negatively affects every vital organ; liver, kidney, heart, brain, lung and others in number of ways. In short dyslipidemia is defined as disorder of lipoprotein metabolism and it could be either hypolipoproteinemia or hyperlipoproteinemia. Endocrine disorder, poor feeding habit, physical inactivity and other factors are responsible for existence of dyslipidemia. Lipocrinology which studies about interrelationship between lipid metabolism and endocrine function in normal and abnormal condition is getting essential. Currently number of studies explain that dyslipidemia induce endocrine dysfunction and the reverse is also possible. In addition, biochemical assessment of dyslipidemia is used to monitor clinical course and progress of endocrinological diseases. Similarly, biochemical analysis of hormones helps to assess the outcome of antidyslipidemic drugs and prognoses the condition dyslipidemia. Most commonly dyslipidemia coexist with type 2 diabetes, obesity and metabolic syndrome. Abnormal distribution and accumulation fat in the body leads to deranged different hormones and factors secretion like adipokine, thereby contributing to chronic inflammation and lipotoxicity. Therefore, detailed and up-to-date review about lipid metabolism disorder and endocrine function are so essential in medicine and health science to have good service to community.

Lipid-Lowering Therapies for Atherosclerosis: Statins, Fibrates, Ezetimibe and PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Hajj Ali ◽  
Nour Younis ◽  
Rola Abdallah ◽  
Farah Shaer ◽  
Ali Dakroub ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Peripheral Arterial Diseases ◽  
Branching Points ◽  
Genetic Interventions

: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the primary cause of global morbidity and mortality. CVD includes various life-threatening conditions such as myocardial infarction, stroke and peripheral arterial diseases. In this context, atherosclerosis continues to play the principal role in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Atherosclerosis emanates from a set of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors that include age, male gender, family history, obesity, smoking, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Recent evidence classifies atherosclerosis as a latent disease affecting all-sized arteries with a predilection for arterial branching points of decreased or absent blood supply. Atherosclerosis is not only a lipid metabolism disorder, but is also a chronic inflammatory one. In this review, we provide a synoptic discussion of the underlying pathological mechanisms of atherosclerosis along with the currently applied therapeutic interventions. We then discuss the classical lipid-lowering therapies as well as the newly discovered therapies. For the classical therapies, we point out the importance of statins and ezetimibe in reducing plasma cholesterol levels by virtue of their effects on synthesis, reuptake and intestinal absorption of cholesterol. We also discuss the role of fibrates in modulating lipid metabolism and improving the ratio of high-density to low-density density lipoproteins. We then focus on the more recent molecular and genetic interventions exemplified by proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) monoclonal antibodies, evinacumab, and microRNA inhibitors. Special attention is also given to clinical trials involving these therapies.

Chlorpyrifos exposure induces lipid metabolism disorder at the physiological and transcriptomic levels in larval zebrafish

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (9) ◽  
pp. 890-899
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Jiajie Zhou ◽  
Manlu Shen ◽  
Jiayan Shen ◽  
Xinyue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Larval Zebrafish ◽  
Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorders ◽  
Cellular Apoptosis

Abstract Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a widely used insecticide in pest control, and it can affect aquatic animals by contaminating the water. In this study, larval zebrafish were exposed to CPF at concentrations of 30, 100 and 300 μg/l for 7 days. In the CPF-treated group, lipid droplet accumulation was reduced in larval zebrafish. The levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and pyruvate were also decreased after CPF exposure. Cellular apoptosis were significantly increased in the heart tissue after CPF exposure compared with the control. Transcription changes in cardiovascular genes were also observed. Through transcriptome analysis, we found that the transcription of 465 genes changed significantly, with 398 upregulated and 67 downregulated in the CPF-treated group, indicating that CPF exposure altered the transcription of genes. Among these altered genes, a number of genes were closely related to the glucose and lipid metabolism pathways. Furthermore, we also confirmed that the transcription of genes related to fatty acid synthesis, TC synthesis, and lipogenesis were significantly decreased in larval zebrafish after exposure to CPF. These results indicated that CPF exposure induced lipid metabolism disorders associated with cardiovascular toxicity in larval zebrafish.

scholarly journals Quercetin Improves Glucose and Lipid Metabolism of Diabetic Rats: Involvement of Akt Signaling and SIRT1

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Peng ◽  
Qingde Li ◽  
Keye Li ◽  
Li Zhu ◽  
Xiaoding Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Akt Signaling ◽  
Hepatic Glycogen ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Quercetin Treatment

Glucose and lipid metabolism disorder in diabetes mellitus often causes damage to multiple tissues and organs. Diabetes mellitus is beneficially affected by quercetin. However, its concrete mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated. In our study, diabetes was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by STZ injection. The rats were randomly divided into normal control, diabetic model, low-dose quercetin treatment, high-dose quercetin treatment, and pioglitazone treatment groups. Fasting blood glucose was collected to evaluate diabetes. Immunohistochemistry and fluorometric assay were performed to explore SIRT1. Akt levels were measured through immunoprecipitation and Western blot. After 12 weeks of quercetin treatment, the biochemical parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism improved to varying degrees. Hepatic histomorphological injury was alleviated, and hepatic glycogen content was increased. The expression and activity of hepatic SIRT1 were enhanced, and Akt was activated by phosphorylation and deacetylation. These results suggested that the beneficial effects of quercetin on glucose and lipid metabolism disorder are probably associated with the upregulated activity and protein level of SIRT1 and its influence on Akt signaling pathway. Hence, quercetin shows potential for the treatment of glucose and lipid metabolism disorder in diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals 321 HEPATIC HUR PROTECTS AGAINST DIET-INDUCED LIPID METABOLISM DISORDER

2020 ◽  
Vol 158 (6) ◽  
pp. S-1266
Author(s):  
Yanyan Wang ◽  
Pu Ge ◽  
Yunling Tai ◽  
Jilin Wu ◽  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Metabolism Disorder

Gut microbiota characterization and lipid metabolism disorder found in PCB77-treated female mice

Toxicology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 420 ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulang Chi ◽  
Hongou Wang ◽  
Yi Lin ◽  
Yanyang Lu ◽  
Qiansheng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Metabolism Disorder
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