Congenital Heart Disease and Surgical Outcome in Down Syndrome

Mapping Intimacies ◽

10.5772/intechopen.97134 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zainab Al-Suhaymi

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Down Syndrome ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Innovative Technology ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Cardiac Anomalies ◽

Congenital Cardiac Anomalies ◽

Causes Of Mortality

The prevalence of congenital heart disease has accounted for nearly one-third of all significant congenital anomalies worldwide. The first report about an association between cardiac anomalies and Down Syndrome was in (1876). Ten years after discovering of Down Syndrome and the credit of association between congenital cardiac anomalies and mongolism was suggested in (1894) by Garrod. There many studies performed to identify a correlation between genotype and phenotype in Down Syndrome, little is known about cardiovascular phenotype in Down Syndrome. Congenital heart disease is considered one of the highest causes of mortality and morbidity in Down Syndrome compared to patients with the same lesion of non-down. There is a big debate about surgical management and considered them as risk factors of surgery with precaution and recent technology, Down Syndrome considered as a normal patient in prognosis. This chapter aimed to shed the light on congenital heart disease in Down Syndrome and current knowledge in specific mutations associated with them and how the effect of innovative technology and management to treat them end at the same outcome and sometimes better based on recent research and Scoring System.

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Trazodone-Associated Syncope in a Patient with Congenital Cardiac Anomalies

Journal of Pharmacy Technology ◽

10.1177/875512259801400210 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 78-81

Author(s):

Vinod S Bhatara ◽

Sami Awadallah

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Noonan Syndrome ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Cardiac Defects ◽

Congenital Cardiac Defects ◽

Cardiac Anomalies ◽

Case Summary ◽

Congenital Cardiac Anomalies

Objective: To report a case of trazodone-associated syncope in a 19-year-old woman with congenital cardiac anomalies and to review risk factors and mechanisms involved in this case. Case Summary: A 19-year-old woman diagnosed with Noonan syndrome with congenital cardiac anomalies tolerated sertraline, but had a syncopal episode when trazodone was used. There was no recurrence of syncope after the trazodone was discontinued. Discussion: The syncopal episode could have resulted from either trazodone or congenital heart disease, but it most likely resulted from a trazodone–congenital heart disease interaction. Trazodone is not cardiotoxic in most patients; our patient was probably vulnerable to the cardiotoxic effects of trazodone due to congenital cardiac defects. Conclusions: Trazodone can precipitate arrhythmias or syncope in susceptible patients with heart disease and should be prescribed cautiously in patients with congenital heart disease. In such cases, it may be safer to use a selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor.

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Congenital Malformations of the Heart

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.1.2.298 ◽

1948 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 298-298

Author(s):

JAMES GOODFRIEND

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Congenital Malformations ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Clinical Knowledge ◽

Cardiac Anomalies ◽

Congenital Cardiac Anomalies ◽

Circulatory Dynamics

Seldom has a monograph or text been so eagerly awaited as Dr. Taussig's summation of her observations of congenital malformations of the heart, and rarely has a book so completely justified the pre-publication interest it evoked as does this. Dr. Taussig's investigations of congenital cardiac anomalies have for some years been directed toward increasing clinical knowledge of these conditions and have been related to Dr. Maude Abbott's classical pathologic studies. All the clinical types of congenital heart disease are here discussed in detail. The embryologic aberration is pointed out. With the nature of the anatomic deformity established, the inevitable alterations in circulatory dynamics are then considered and the conclusions in each instance are presented in diagrammatic form.

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COR PULMONALE IN INFANCY SIMULATING CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.14.6.587 ◽

1954 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 587-601

Author(s):

IAN MAXWELL ◽

REGINALD WILSON

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Clinical Picture ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Cor Pulmonale ◽

The Other ◽

Vascular Lesions ◽

Cardiac Anomalies ◽

Congenital Cardiac Anomalies

1. Two cases of pulmonary arteriolar obstruction associated with hypertension of the lesser circulation have been described. Both cases were considered during life to be suffering from some form of congenital heart disease. 2. The pathogenesis of the pulmonary vascular lesions has been discussed. In one case, the lesion appears to have been a congenital dysplasia of arterioles throughout both lungs. In the other necrotizing arteriolitis was present in one lung which was also atelectatic. It was absent in the other well aerated lung though vascular lesions associated with pulmonary hypertension were present bilaterally. 3. The clinical picture of these patients has been described. It is suggested that this is sufficiently distinctive to permit clinical recognition and differentiation from congenital cardiac anomalies.

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Down syndrome and congenital heart disease: perioperative planning and management

Journal of Congenital Cardiology ◽

10.1186/s40949-021-00061-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dennis R. Delany ◽

Stephanie S. Gaydos ◽

Deborah A. Romeo ◽

Heather T. Henderson ◽

Kristi L. Fogg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Down Syndrome ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Single Ventricle ◽

Heart Defects ◽

Careful Consideration ◽

Children With Down Syndrome ◽

Perioperative Planning

AbstractApproximately 50% of newborns with Down syndrome have congenital heart disease. Non-cardiac comorbidities may also be present. Many of the principles and strategies of perioperative evaluation and management for patients with congenital heart disease apply to those with Down syndrome. Nevertheless, careful planning for cardiac surgery is required, evaluating for both cardiac and noncardiac disease, with careful consideration of the risk for pulmonary hypertension. In this manuscript, for children with Down syndrome and hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease, we will summarize the epidemiology of heart defects that warrant intervention. We will review perioperative planning for this unique population, including anesthetic considerations, common postoperative issues, nutritional strategies, and discharge planning. Special considerations for single ventricle palliation and heart transplantation evaluation will also be discussed. Overall, the risk of mortality with cardiac surgery in pediatric patients with Down syndrome is no more than the general population, except for those with functional single ventricle heart defects. Underlying comorbidities may contribute to postoperative complications and increased length of stay. A strong understanding of cardiac and non-cardiac considerations in children with Down syndrome will help clinicians optimize perioperative care and long-term outcomes.

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Association Between Down Syndrome and In-Hospital Death Among Children Undergoing Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease

Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes ◽

10.1161/circoutcomes.113.000764 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 445-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Jacqueline M. Evans ◽

Madan Dharmar ◽

Erin Meierhenry ◽

James P. Marcin ◽

Gary W. Raff

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Down Syndrome ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Hospital Death

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Prevalence and profile of congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension in Down syndrome in a pediatric cardiology service

Revista Paulista de Pediatria ◽

10.1590/0103-0582201432218913 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 159-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Felipe Alves Mourato ◽

Lúcia Roberta R. Villachan ◽

Sandra da Silva Mattos

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Down Syndrome ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Septal Defect ◽

Heart Diseases ◽

Heart Defects ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Atrioventricular Septal Defect

OBJECTIVE:To determine the frequence and profile of congenital heart defects in Down syndrome patients referred to a pediatric cardiologic center, considering the age of referral, gender, type of heart disease diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiography and its association with pulmonary hypertension at the initial diagnosis.METHODS:Cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection of 138 patients with Down syndrome from a total of 17,873 records. Descriptive analysis of the data was performed, using Epi-Info version 7.RESULTS: Among the 138 patients with Down syndrome, females prevailed (56.1%) and 112 (81.2%) were diagnosed with congenital heart disease. The most common lesion was ostium secundum atrial septal defect, present in 51.8%, followed by atrioventricular septal defect, in 46.4%. Ventricular septal defects were present in 27.7%, while tetralogy of Fallot represented 6.3% of the cases. Other cardiac malformations corresponded to 12.5%. Pulmonary hypertension was associated with 37.5% of the heart diseases. Only 35.5% of the patients were referred before six months of age.CONCLUSIONS: The low percentage of referral until six months of age highlights the need for a better tracking of patients with Down syndrome in the context of congenital heart disease, due to the high frequency and progression of pulmonary hypertension.

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Incidence, pattern and presentation of Congenital Heart Disease in neonates in southern part of Bangladesh

Mediscope ◽

10.3329/mediscope.v8i1.52201 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 27-32

Author(s):

Md Barkot Ali ◽

Syed Didarul Haque ◽

Amar Kumar Saha ◽

Faruquzzaman ◽

Muhammad Ashraful Kabir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Congenital Heart Disease ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Live Birth ◽

Congenital Heart ◽

Average Weight ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Co Morbidity ◽

Age Of Diagnosis ◽

Common Clinical Presentation ◽

High Index Of Suspicion

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) has already been recognized as one of the important cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. The reported prevalence of CHD in live newborns tends to vary a lot due to various unrecognizable lesions at birth and lack of technical expertise. Aims & objectives: The ultimate aim of this study was to assess the birth incidence and pattern of congenital heart disease (CHD) using echocardiography in babies born in different government and private hospitals and also in different households. Results: Overall incidence of congenital heart disease in neonate in this study was 4.9 per 1000 live birth. Mean age of diagnosis was 22.5±4.6 days. Average weight of these neonates was 26.70 gm. 61.5 % neonates were female. 30.8% was preterm. Respiratory distress was the most common clinical presentation (76.9%). The commonest type of congenital heart disease was Ventricular septal defect (VSD) (61.5%). Maternal co-morbidity may have influence. 30.8% mothers had gestational diabetes mellitus. Hypothyroidism, hypertension and maternal infection may have co-relation. Conclusion: In this study, we have found that the overall incidence of neonatal congenital heart disease is 4.9 per 1000 live birth. A high index of suspicion and routine neonatal cheek-up may have key role in diagnosis. Mediscope Vol. 8, No. 1: January 2021, Page 27-32

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