scholarly journals Internal structures of fault zones in the Priolkhonie and evolution of the state of stresses of the upper crust of the Baikal rift

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.V. Cheremnykh
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zones ◽  
The State ◽  
Upper Crust ◽  
Internal Structures

Ostatni będą pierwszymi? LNG w polityce energetycznej Rosji

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 97-120
Author(s):  
Szymon Kardaś
Keyword(s):  
Energy Markets ◽  
The State ◽  
External Energy ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Constant State ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the article is to analyze the current condition and development prospects for the Russian LNG sector. Taking into account the specifics of the functioning of the Russian state, the author chose the realistic paradigm (neoclassical realism), which is useful in the context of showing the relationship between internal structures and external activity of the state. The author argues that Russian expansion in the LNG sector is the result of the lobbying capacity of Novatek – the largest private gas producer in Russia. Although the state budget incurs significant costs related to the implementation of Novatek projects, in particular due to fiscal preferences, it also achieves the possibility of achieving the objectives in external and internal energy policy. Novatek’s expansion increases Russia’s share in external energy markets; at the same time LNG expansion, it is used for internal purposes. Novatek’s dominant position in the LNG sector is confirmed by both already implemented projects and plans for further expansion. The factors favoring Russian expansion are constant state support for Novatek projects, high level of internationalization of implemented projects and favorable forecasts on energy markets. The strong competition between currently dominant LNG producers and the risk of internal competition between Russian exporters are among the key long-term challenges.

scholarly journals Performing Public Credit at the Eighteenth-Century Bank of England

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne L. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Financial Stability ◽  
The State ◽  
Secondary Market ◽  
National Debt ◽  
Personal Credit ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Public Credit ◽  
Bank Of England ◽  
Long Eighteenth Century

AbstractMuch is known about the negotiation of personal credit relationships during the eighteenth century. It has been noted how direct contact and observation allowed individuals to assess the creditworthiness of those with whom they had financial connections and to whom they might lend money. Much less is known about one of the most important credit relationships of the long eighteenth century: that between the state and its creditors. This article shows that investors could experience the performance of public credit at the Bank of England. By 1760 the Bank was the manager of nearly three-quarters of the state's debt and housed the main secondary market in that debt. Thus, it provided a place for public creditors, both current and potential, to attend and scrutinize the performance of the state's promises. The article demonstrates how the Bank acted to embody public credit through its architecture, internal structures, and imagery and through the very visible actions of its clerks and the technologies that they used to record ownership and transfer of the national debt. The Bank of England, by those means, allowed creditors to interrogate the financial stability and reputation of the state in the same ways that they could interrogate the integrity of a private debtor.

Coexisting brittle-ductile fracturing mechanisms in fault zones of the upper crust level

1999 ◽  
Vol 44 (22) ◽  
pp. 2107-2112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junlai Lui ◽  
Baoxiang Yu ◽  
K. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zones ◽  
Upper Crust

Between the market and the state: the capacity of business associations for policy engagement in Uganda

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Kuteesa ◽  
Joseph Mawejje
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
The State ◽  
Professional Expertise ◽  
Business Associations ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Policy Decision Making ◽  
Policy Engagement

AbstractThis study assesses the capabilities of business associations for conducting meaningful policy engagements with government. Using information from 21 associations and five state institutions, this work investigates the level of autonomy and ability of business associations to coordinate and order their interests for policy decision-making. Findings reveal that the ability to organise an association's own interests is hindered by weak systems and internal structures, especially at sub-sector level. Most associations are financially weak, have limited professional expertise and experience a low level of commitment from members, which affects their capacity for autonomy. It is important that business associations create regulations to make membership ties binding, so as to strengthen their influence on policy. Associations should also be more aggressive in mobilising finances, and they should identify synergies and develop partnerships with the state to build their capacity for participating in policy-making.

scholarly journals Correlation of the state of crustal stresses, seismicity and landslide activity (Fergana basin, Tien Shan)

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 995-1009
Author(s):  
Z. A. Kalmet’eva ◽  
B. D. Moldobekov ◽  
U. A. Abdybachaev
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
The State ◽  
Tien Shan ◽  
Stress Axis ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Upper Crust ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Landslide Activity ◽  
Crustal Stresses ◽  
Local Stresses

The impacts of seismicity on the landslide activity in Kyrgyzstan have been in the focus of our study since 2010 [Kalmetyeva et al., 2010]. As the study progressed [Kalmetyeva, Moldobekov, 2012, 2013; Kalmetyeva et al., 2013, 2014], the initial problem statement has been revised as follows: do earthquake influence the occurrence of land‐ slides, and, if so, what is the mechanism of this influence. This paper presents the results of detailed analysis of the distribution of earthquakes and landslides in space and time in correlation with focal mechanisms (azimuth and plunge of the principal compression stress axis) of earthquakes occurred in the Fergana basin and its mountainous frame. These are grounds to conclude that the landslide activity is mainly influenced by the response of the internal structure of the upper crust to local stresses. The mechanism of influence of strong earthquakes on the landslide activity is redistribution of local stresses, which results from partial release of regional stresses due to rupturing in the source zones of strong earthquakes. Using this concept of the landslide activity, a methodology of landslide‐hazard mapping is the goal of our future studies aimed at the following: (1) zoning of the study area with respect to the features of the internal structure of the upper crust, (2) geological, geophysical and seismological studies of the state of stresses in the study area, (3) instrumental monitoring of landslides movements in the zones that differ in the structure of the upper crust, and (4) analysis of preparation and consequences of past strong earthquakes that took place in the study area in comparison with the landslide activity.

scholarly journals Geologia estrutural das pedreiras de rochas ornamentais no distrito Mineiro de Santo Antônio de Pádua, SE do Brasil

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Henrique Dayan ◽  
Joel Gomes Valença
Keyword(s):  
Shear Zone ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
The State ◽  
Mining Activity ◽  
Mining District

The mining district of Santo Antonio de Pádua is responsible for the greatest concentration of mining activity (except for oil offshore exploration) in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Two different lithotypes of dimension stones are quarried along two particular fault zones that are part of major splay of faults which branch off Rio Paraíba do Sul Shear Zone. The quarried dimension stones are two homogeneous orthogneisses that were emplaced in a transcurrent transpressive regime. We present here a possible explanation for the genesis of those rocks.

Intracontinental seismicity, strength of crustal units, and the seismic signature of fault zones

1986 ◽  
Vol 317 (1539) ◽  
pp. 45-61 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Crust ◽  
Active Fault ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Upper Crust ◽  
Creep Data ◽  
Recent Laboratory ◽  
Seismic Signature ◽  
Depth Curves ◽  
Ductile Lower Crust

The distribution of intracontinental seismicity in the upper crust is compared with theoretically obtained strength-depth curves based on recent laboratory data from cold and brittle frictional sliding, as well as from high-temperature creep data. The lower crust is seen as a channel of enhanced ductility like jelly in a sandwich. This rheological picture is compatible with the formation of mylonites in the lower crust and the appearance of cataclasites in the rigid upper crust. Sub-horizontal zones of detachment prefer the upper part of the ductile lower crust in the continents resulting in the formation of crustal nappes during compressional phases. The most active fault zones seem to exhibit reduced values of brittle, elastic and inelastic parameters.

Rankine-Hugoniot Relations for Lennard-Jones Liquids

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akira Satoh
Keyword(s):  
Shock Waves ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
The State ◽  
Lennard Jones ◽  
Internal Structures ◽  
Shock Mach Number ◽  
Basic Equations ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Approximate Expressions ◽  
Shock Fronts

The purpose of the present study is to clarify the Rankine-Hugoniot relations for Lennard-Jones liquids. First, Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to evaluate the state quantities such as the pressures, the internal energies, and the sound velocities. These computed values are used to obtain the approximate expressions for the state quantities by the method of least squares. The Rankine-Hugoniot relations are then clarified numerically as a function of the shock Mach number by solving the basic equations together with those approximate expressions. For liquid shock waves, not only the pressure but also the temperature increases much larger than those for an ideal gas. The results obtained here enable us to conduct more efficient molecular dynamics simulations such as simulating shock fronts alone for the investigation of the internal structures of liquid shock waves.

AFMAG—APPLICATIONS AND LIMITATIONS

Geophysics ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 576-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. Ward ◽  
J. O’Donnell ◽  
R. Rivera ◽  
G. H. Ware ◽  
D. C. Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Massive Sulfide ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
The State ◽  
Dip Angle

The repeatability of AFMAG measurements has ranged from good to bad since the introduction of the method to industry in 1958. In some applications, e.g., mapping massive sulfide “dikes,” the repeatability is generally good, while in other applications, e.g., mapping broad fault zones, the repeatability is notoriously poor. In an endeavor to elucidate the factors controlling repeatability of AFMAG dip angle readings, we have conducted a continuing program of research in the State of California since 1961.

scholarly journals STUDY OF INFLUENCE OF THE FAULT ZONES ON VEGETATION COVER OF STATE TERRITORY OF THE NATURE SANCTUARY "DOLINSKY" (SAKHALIN ISLAND) USING EARTH’S REMOTE SENSING DATA

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
Olesya V. Kuptsova ◽  
◽  
Inna I. Lobishcheva ◽  
Alexey A. Verhoturov ◽  
Vyacheslav A. Melkiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Fault Zones ◽  
Sakhalin Island ◽  
The State ◽  
Likelihood Method ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Sensing Data

Fault zones on the territory of Nature Sanctuary “Dolinsky” (Sakhalin Island), which are characterized by high geodynamic activity, are generally well distinguished when analyzing satellite imagery materials. In any territory, it is not difficult to identify the various plant communities that occupy it, as well as to determine their state by the content of phytomass determined by the vegetation index NDVI. The aim of the study is to test the validity of the hypothesis about the formation of abundant vegetation cover within the fault zones by analyzing the state of various plant communities by the volume of phytomass. Methods: decryption and analysis of Earth remote sensing data from Sentinel, Landsat and SRTM generation, geoinformation mapping on the ArcGIS platform. Results. In the course of the study, the state of the Nature Sanctuary “Dolinsky” analyzed by Landsat-8, Sentinel-2A satellite sur-veys, as well as SRTM data. Fault zones identified using the software systems ArcGIS, QGIS, and PyLEFA by lineament analysis, vegetation was classified by the maximum likelihood method, and its condition was determined by the values of the NDVI index, which reflects the content of phytomass in the study area. As result of the work carried out, an increase in phytomass revealed, and, consequently, good conditions for the growth of plant communities confined to the zones of distribution of faults of the earth's crust, and the reliability of the working hypothesis confirmed.

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