The Prevalence of Human Metapneumovirus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Coinfection With Both in Hospitalized Children With Acute Respiratory Infection in South of Iran

Abstract Background The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on existing respiratory pathogens in circulation remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the prevalence of respiratory pathogens among hospitalized children. Methods This study enrolled hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital from September to December 2019 (before the COVID-19 epidemic) and those from September to December 2020 (during the COVID-19 epidemic). Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected, and respiratory pathogens were detected using multiplex PCR. The absolute case number and detection rates of 11 pathogens were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 5696 children with respiratory tract infection received multiplex PCR examination for respiratory pathogens: 2298 from September to December 2019 and 3398 from September to December 2020. At least one pathogen was detected in 1850 (80.5%) patients in 2019, and in 2380 (70.0%) patients in 2020; the detection rate in 2020 was significantly lower than that in 2019.The Influenza A (InfA) detection rate was 5.6% in 2019, but 0% in 2020. The detection rates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Human adenovirus, and Human rhinovirus also decreased from 20% (460), 8.9% (206), and 41.8% (961) in 2019 to 1.0% (37), 2.1% (77), and 25.6% (873) in 2020, respectively. In contrast, the detection rates of Human respiratory syncytial virus, Human parainfluenza virus, and Human metapneumovirus increased from 6.6% (153), 9.9% (229), and 0.5% (12) in 2019 to 25.6% (873), 15.5% (530), and 7.2% (247) in 2020, respectively (p < 0.0001). Conclusions Successful containment of seasonal influenza as a result of COVID-19 control measures will ensure we are better equipped to deal with future outbreaks of both influenza and COVID-19.Caused by virus competition, the detection rates of Human respiratory syncytial virus, Human parainfluenza virus, and Human metapneumovirus increased in Shenzhen,that reminds us we need to take further monitoring and preventive measures in the next epidemic season.

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Impact of hygienic and social distancing measures against SARS-CoV-2 on respiratory infections caused by other viruses

Revista Española de Quimioterapia ◽

10.37201/req/017.2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jordi Reina ◽

◽

Ricardo M. Arcay ◽

María Busquets ◽

Herminia Machado

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Respiratory Infection ◽

Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Respiratory Viruses ◽

Contact Material ◽

Rt Pcr ◽

Social Distancing ◽

Syncytial Virus ◽

The Impact

Introduction. To control the pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, the implementation of social and hygienic confinement measures was determined in all countries. These measures reduce the circulation of most respiratory viruses that are transmitted preferentially by air and contact. Material and methods. The impact of these measures on non-Covid respiratory viruses during the period August-December 2020 and 2019 has been comparatively analyzed. To all nasopharyngeal aspirates that were negative against SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR and the suspicion of acute respiratory infection persisted, were subjected to a new RT-PCR that simultaneously and differentially amplifies 21 different respiratory viruses. Results. In the year of the pandemic, a 36.6% decrease was detected in the number of respiratory samples studied and 66% in their positivity in relation to 2019. All viruses showed reduction percentages of between 40-100%. The only viruses that circulated during and after national lockdown were rhinovirus (74.1%), adenovirus (10.1%), and enterovirus (9.6%). Conclusion. The measures used to control the SARS-CoV-2 infection have also affected the community circulation of most respiratory viruses including influenza and respiratory syncytial virus.

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Respiratory syncytial virus infection among young children with acute respiratory tract infection in Iraq

Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal ◽

10.26719/1999.5.5.941 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 941-948

Author(s):

K. A. Albargish ◽

H. J. Hasony

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Virus Infection ◽

Respiratory Infection ◽

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection ◽

Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Acute Respiratory Tract Infection ◽

Control Group ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Syncytial Virus ◽

Children Under 5

The incidence of respiratory syncytial virus infection was assessed among 516 children under 5 years with acute respiratory infection and 57 control children free of respiratory infection to determine its relation to epidemiological variables. Respiratory syncytial virus was detected in 188 [37.6%]children with acute respiratory infection and in none of the control group. The infection was highest in those with severe acute respiratory infection, particularly severe bronchiolitis and pneumonia and it precipitated acute bronchial asthma in children over 2 years. The infection was most common in the first 6 months and both sexes were equally affected. Socioeconomic factors and crowding played no significant role in the incidence and spread of the infection. Breastfeeding had no clear protective effect against the infection

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Occurrence investigation of acute respiratory infection caused by respiratory syncytial vírus (RSV) using the PCR technique

Revista Brasileira de Análises Clínicas ◽

10.21877/2448-3877.201600509 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Fernanda Carolina Pedrosa

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Respiratory Infection ◽

Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Syncytial Virus

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Comparison of 11 Respiratory Pathogens Among Hospitalized Children Before and After the COVID-19 Epidemic in Shenzhen, China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-724494/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Li Li ◽

Heping Wang ◽

Ailiang Liu ◽

Rongjun Wang ◽

Tingting Zhi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Multiplex Pcr ◽

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽

Detection Rate ◽

Human Metapneumovirus ◽

Hospitalized Children ◽

Respiratory Pathogens ◽

Detection Rates ◽

Syncytial Virus ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on existing respiratory pathogens in circulation remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the prevalence of respiratory pathogens among hospitalized children.Methods: This study enrolled hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital from September to December 2019 (before the COVID-19 epidemic) and those from September to December 2020 (after the COVID-19 epidemic). Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected, and respiratory pathogens were detected using multiplex PCR. The absolute case number and detection rates of 11 pathogens were collected and analyzed.Results: A total of 5696 children with respiratory tract infection received multiplex PCR examination for respiratory pathogens: 2298 from September to December 2019 and 3398 from September to December 2020. At least one pathogen was detected in 1850 (80.5%) patients in 2019, and in 2380 (70.0%) patients in 2020; the detection rate in 2020 was significantly lower than that in 2019. The detection rates reflected changes in these pathogens when the COVID-19 epidemic was well controlled. The Influenza A (InfA) detection rate was 5.6% in 2019, but 0% in 2020. The detection rates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Human adenovirus, and Human rhinovirus also decreased from 20% (460), 8.9% (206), and 41.8% (961) in 2019 to 1.0% (37), 2.1% (77), and 25.6% (873) in 2020, respectively. In contrast, the detection rates of Human respiratory syncytial virus, Human parainfluenza virus, and Human metapneumovirus increased from 6.6% (153), 9.9% (229), and 0.5% (12) in 2019 to 25.6% (873), 15.5% (530), and 7.2% (247) in 2020, respectively (p < 0.0001).Conclusions: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 was associated with the substantial reduction in the circulation of respiratory pathogens including influenza virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as with the increase in respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza, and human metapneumovirus in Shenzhen. The reasons for this phenomenon require further studies.

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