Comparison of severe pneumonia caused by Human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized children

Abstract Background The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on existing respiratory pathogens in circulation remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the prevalence of respiratory pathogens among hospitalized children. Methods This study enrolled hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital from September to December 2019 (before the COVID-19 epidemic) and those from September to December 2020 (during the COVID-19 epidemic). Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected, and respiratory pathogens were detected using multiplex PCR. The absolute case number and detection rates of 11 pathogens were collected and analyzed. Results A total of 5696 children with respiratory tract infection received multiplex PCR examination for respiratory pathogens: 2298 from September to December 2019 and 3398 from September to December 2020. At least one pathogen was detected in 1850 (80.5%) patients in 2019, and in 2380 (70.0%) patients in 2020; the detection rate in 2020 was significantly lower than that in 2019.The Influenza A (InfA) detection rate was 5.6% in 2019, but 0% in 2020. The detection rates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Human adenovirus, and Human rhinovirus also decreased from 20% (460), 8.9% (206), and 41.8% (961) in 2019 to 1.0% (37), 2.1% (77), and 25.6% (873) in 2020, respectively. In contrast, the detection rates of Human respiratory syncytial virus, Human parainfluenza virus, and Human metapneumovirus increased from 6.6% (153), 9.9% (229), and 0.5% (12) in 2019 to 25.6% (873), 15.5% (530), and 7.2% (247) in 2020, respectively (p < 0.0001). Conclusions Successful containment of seasonal influenza as a result of COVID-19 control measures will ensure we are better equipped to deal with future outbreaks of both influenza and COVID-19.Caused by virus competition, the detection rates of Human respiratory syncytial virus, Human parainfluenza virus, and Human metapneumovirus increased in Shenzhen,that reminds us we need to take further monitoring and preventive measures in the next epidemic season.

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Role of Human Metapneumovirus, Influenza A Virus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Causing WHO-Defined Severe Pneumonia in Children in a Developing Country

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0074756 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. e74756 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Asad Ali ◽

Asif Raza Khowaja ◽

Maaman Zahoor Bashir ◽

Fatima Aziz ◽

Sultan Mustafa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Developing Country ◽

Influenza A Virus ◽

Influenza A ◽

Severe Pneumonia ◽

Human Metapneumovirus ◽

Syncytial Virus

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Comparison of 11 Respiratory Pathogens Among Hospitalized Children Before and After the COVID-19 Epidemic in Shenzhen, China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-724494/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Li Li ◽

Heping Wang ◽

Ailiang Liu ◽

Rongjun Wang ◽

Tingting Zhi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Multiplex Pcr ◽

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽

Detection Rate ◽

Human Metapneumovirus ◽

Hospitalized Children ◽

Respiratory Pathogens ◽

Detection Rates ◽

Syncytial Virus ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: The effect of SARS-CoV-2 on existing respiratory pathogens in circulation remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the prevalence of respiratory pathogens among hospitalized children.Methods: This study enrolled hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital from September to December 2019 (before the COVID-19 epidemic) and those from September to December 2020 (after the COVID-19 epidemic). Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected, and respiratory pathogens were detected using multiplex PCR. The absolute case number and detection rates of 11 pathogens were collected and analyzed.Results: A total of 5696 children with respiratory tract infection received multiplex PCR examination for respiratory pathogens: 2298 from September to December 2019 and 3398 from September to December 2020. At least one pathogen was detected in 1850 (80.5%) patients in 2019, and in 2380 (70.0%) patients in 2020; the detection rate in 2020 was significantly lower than that in 2019. The detection rates reflected changes in these pathogens when the COVID-19 epidemic was well controlled. The Influenza A (InfA) detection rate was 5.6% in 2019, but 0% in 2020. The detection rates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Human adenovirus, and Human rhinovirus also decreased from 20% (460), 8.9% (206), and 41.8% (961) in 2019 to 1.0% (37), 2.1% (77), and 25.6% (873) in 2020, respectively. In contrast, the detection rates of Human respiratory syncytial virus, Human parainfluenza virus, and Human metapneumovirus increased from 6.6% (153), 9.9% (229), and 0.5% (12) in 2019 to 25.6% (873), 15.5% (530), and 7.2% (247) in 2020, respectively (p < 0.0001).Conclusions: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 was associated with the substantial reduction in the circulation of respiratory pathogens including influenza virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as with the increase in respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza, and human metapneumovirus in Shenzhen. The reasons for this phenomenon require further studies.

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A comparison of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus WHO-defined severe pneumonia in Moroccan children

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s095026881500151x ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 144 (3) ◽

pp. 516-526 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

I. JROUNDI ◽

C. MAHRAOUI ◽

R. BENMESSAOUD ◽

C. MORALEDA ◽

H. TLIGUI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Family Environment ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Severe Pneumonia ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Human Metapneumovirus ◽

Socioeconomic Background ◽

Moroccan Children ◽

Syncytial Virus

SUMMARYAcute respiratory infections remain the principal cause of morbidity and mortality in Moroccan children. Besides bacterial infections, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are prominent among other viruses due to their high prevalence and association with severe clinical episodes. We aimed to describe and compare RSV- and hMPV-associated cases of WHO-defined severe pneumonia in a paediatric population admitted to Morocco's reference hospital. Children aged 2–59 months admitted to the Hôpital d'Enfants de Rabat, Morocco meeting WHO-defined severe pneumonia criteria were recruited during 14 months and thoroughly investigated to ascertain a definitive diagnosis. Viral prevalence of RSV, hMPV and other viruses causing respiratory symptoms was investigated in nasopharyngeal aspirate samples through the use of molecular methods. Of the 683 children recruited and included in the final analysis, 61/683 (8·9%) and 124/683 (18·2%) were infected with hMPV and RSV, respectively. Besides a borderline significant tendency for higher age in hMPV cases, patients infected with either of the viruses behaved similarly in terms of demographics, patient history, past morbidity and comorbidity, vaccination history, socioeconomic background and family environment. Clinical presentation on arrival was also similar for both viruses, but hMPV cases were associated with more severity than RSV cases, had a higher risk of intensive care need, and received antibiotic treatment more frequently. RSV and hMPV are common and potentially life-threatening causes of WHO-defined pneumonia in Moroccan children. Both viruses show indistinctive clinical symptomatology, but in Moroccan children, hMPV was associated with a more severe evolution.

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The Prevalence of Human Metapneumovirus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Coinfection With Both in Hospitalized Children With Acute Respiratory Infection in South of Iran

Archives of Pediatric Infectious Diseases ◽

10.5812/pedinfect.21581v2 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Afagh Moattari ◽

Soheila Aleyasin ◽

Amir Emami ◽

Mahzad Fyruzi ◽

Neda Pirbonyeh

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Respiratory Infection ◽

Acute Respiratory Infection ◽

Human Metapneumovirus ◽

Hospitalized Children ◽

Syncytial Virus

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A Single-Center Study of Viral Respiratory Tract Infections in Hospitalized Children From the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Global Pediatric Health ◽

10.1177/2333794x18784996 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 2333794X1878499 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dlshad A. Hassan ◽

Shwan K. Rachid ◽

John Ziebuhr

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Respiratory Virus ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Human Metapneumovirus ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Hospitalized Children ◽

Kurdistan Region ◽

Syncytial Virus ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Viral Respiratory

Viral respiratory infections are among the most common causes of disease in humans, particularly in young children, and remain a major public health problem worldwide. For many geographic regions, there is limited epidemiological information on the main causative agents of these diseases. In this article, we investigated, in a prospective study, the viral agents leading to acute respiratory disease in children younger than 15 years of age who were admitted to the pediatric emergency unit of a major teaching hospital in Erbil City, capital of the Kurdistan region, Iraq. Nasopharyngeal samples obtained from 269 hospitalized children were analyzed for viral respiratory pathogens using the xTAG Respiratory Virus Panel Fast assay, and the data were correlated with the clinical and demographic information available for these patients. One or more respiratory virus(es) were detected in 203 out of 269 (75.5%) samples. The most frequent viruses were enterovirus/rhinovirus (n = 88; 32.7%), respiratory syncytial virus (n = 55; 20.4%), and human metapneumovirus (n = 36; 13.4%). In 42 samples (15.6%), coinfections with 2 or more respiratory viruses were detected, with enterovirus/rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, and adenovirus being identified as the most common agents in viral coinfections in these patients.

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Burden of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Associated Severe Pneumonia in Hospitalized Children

International Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1155/2021/8269400 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Madhusha Gonapaladeniya ◽

Thushari Dissanayake ◽

Guwani Liyanage

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Severe Pneumonia ◽

Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽

Hospitalized Children ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Syncytial Virus

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of severe respiratory infections. We examined the burden of RSV-associated severe community-acquired pneumonia among hospitalized children and factors that predict RSV etiology. A hospital-based prospective study examined children below five years of age admitted with radiologically confirmed severe or very severe pneumonia in two tertiary care centers in Sri Lanka. Nasopharyngeal secretions (NPS) were tested for 19 viruses by multiplex RT-PCR. Univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to determine whether RSV etiology could be predicted based on clinical, sociodemographic, environmental, radiological, and laboratory parameters. A total of 108 children with severe or very severe were included in the study. At least one virus was found in NPS in 92.5% of children. Forty-six children had RSV (+) pneumonia. Mean RSV proportion was 42.6% (95% CI: 33.1-52.5%, p value = 0.149). RSV as a single virus was found in 41.3% (19/46). The children with RSV (+) pneumonia were younger ( p = 0.026 ) and had lower C-reactive protein ( p = 0.003 ) and household crowding ( p = 0.012 ) than the RSV (-) group, after controlling for confounding covariates. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that respiratory syncytial virus was the commonest virus associated with CAP in children under five years. Younger age, crowded housing, and lower C-reactive protein levels were predictors of severe RSV-associated pneumonia.

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