Ecological stoichiometric characteristics of soil-microorganism-plant system in the Loess upland under long-term fertilization

Water purification using artificial wetlands and aquatic macrophyte is attracting attention as a purification technology that can create rich ecosystems while imposing a minimal load on the environment. Because an aquatic plant system requires a large surface area, design specifications and maintenance methods that can obtain the optimum purification effect per unit surface area must be established. Large experimental facilities have been constructed beside a polluted river flowing into Lake Kasumigaura and have been used for a three-year experiment using several kinds of aquatic plants. This report summarizes the characteristics and the design load of the aquatic plant system based on this study and results from other aquatic plant facilities.

Download Full-text

Effect of different long-term fertilizer managements on soil nitrogen fixing bacteria community in a double-cropping rice paddy field of southern China

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0256754 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. e0256754

Author(s):

Haiming Tang ◽

Chao Li ◽

Lihong Shi ◽

Xiaoping Xiao ◽

Kaikai Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Paddy Field ◽

Rice Paddy ◽

Soil Microorganism ◽

Organic Manure ◽

Chemical Fertilizer ◽

N Fixation ◽

Soil N ◽

Rice Paddy Field ◽

Double Cropping

Soil microorganism plays an important role in nitrogen (N) fixation process of paddy field, but the related information about how soil microorganism that drive N fixation process response to change of soil phy-chemical characteristics under the double-cropping rice (Oryza sativa L.) paddy field in southern of China is need to further study. Therefore, the impacts of 34-years different long-term fertilization system on soil N-fixing bacteria community under the double-cropping rice paddy field in southern of China were investigated by taken chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) method in this paper. The field experiment were set up four different fertilizer treatments: chemical fertilizer alone (MF), rice straw and chemical fertilizer (RF), 30% organic manure and 70% chemical fertilizer (OM), and unfertilized as a control (CK). This results showed that compared with CK treatment, the diversity index of cbbLR and nifH genes with OM and RF treatments were significantly increased (p<0.05), respectively. Meanwhile, the abundance of cbbLR gene with OM, RF and MF treatments were increased by 23.94, 12.19 and 6.70×107 copies g-1 compared to CK treatment, respectively. Compared with CK treatment, the abundance of nifH gene with OM, RF and MF treatments were increased by 23.90, 8.82 and 5.40×109 copies g-1, respectively. This results indicated that compared with CK treatment, the soil autotrophic azotobacter and nitrogenase activities with OM and RF treatments were also significantly increased (p<0.05), respectively. There were an obvious difference in features of soil N-fixing bacteria community between application of inorganic fertilizer and organic manure treatments. Therefore, this results demonstrated that abundance of soil N-fixing bacteria community in the double-cropping rice paddy field were increased by long-term applied with organic manure and crop residue managements.

Download Full-text

The behaviour of irrigation induced Se in the groundwater-soil-plant system in Punjab, India

Environmental Science Processes & Impacts ◽

10.1039/c9em00009g ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 957-969 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elisabeth Eiche ◽

Alexandra Kelly Nothstein ◽

Jörg Göttlicher ◽

Ralph Steininger ◽

Karaj Singh Dhillon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Selenium Species ◽

Plant System ◽

Species Transformation

Selenium species transformation is the key to understand the strong long-term Se enrichment in soils and its critical transfer into plants.

Download Full-text

Long-term effects of fire and three firefighting chemicals on a soil - plant system

International Journal of Wildland Fire ◽

10.1071/wf10084 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 20 (7) ◽

pp. 856 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

A. Couto-Vázquez ◽

S. García-Marco ◽

S. J. González-Prieto

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Vegetation Cover ◽

Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Inorganic N ◽

Noticeable Effect ◽

Total N ◽

Foaming Agent ◽

Plant System

The effects of fire and firefighting chemicals on soil properties and the soil–plant system were evaluated 5 years after treatment application. Unburnt soils were compared with burnt soils treated with water alone (BS) or with foaming agent (BS+Fo), Firesorb polymer (BS+Fi), or ammonium polyphosphate (BS+Ap). Soils (0–2 cm depth) and foliar material (Ulex micranthus, Pterospartum tridentatum, Erica umbellata and Pinus pinaster) were analysed for total C, total N, δ15N, nutrients (soil-available; plant total), pH and inorganic-N (soils) and vegetation cover and height. No long-term effects of firefighting chemicals on soil properties were found except for pH (BS+Fo > BS+Ap), inorganic-N and P (BS+Ap > other treatments). BS+Ap plants usually showed higher values of δ15N, N, P and Na, but less K. Soil coverage by Pterospartum and Ulex was higher in BS+Ap than in other treatments, whereas the opposite was observed for Erica; shrubs were always taller in BS+Ap. After 3 years of growth, the size of pine seedlings followed the order BS+Ap > unburnt soil > other treatments. Foliar N and P, scrub regeneration and growth of pines showed the long-term fertilising effect of ammonium polyphosphate, although the second highest pine mortality was found in the BS+Ap treatment. The foaming agent did not affect vegetation cover, and Firesorb had no noticeable effect on shrubs but the highest pine mortality.

Download Full-text

Nitrification and denitrification in a white spruce forest in southwest Alberta, Canada

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x93-214 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 23 (8) ◽

pp. 1715-1719 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

R.D. Blew ◽

D. Parkinson

Keyword(s):

Mineral Soil ◽

White Spruce ◽

Spruce Forest ◽

Soil Horizons ◽

Short Term ◽

Plant System ◽

Substantial Loss ◽

Nitrification And Denitrification

Nitrification and denitrification were measured in a 120-year-old Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss forest in southwestern Alberta. Nitrifying activity could not be detected using short-term incubations of F–H and upper mineral soil horizons. Long-term incubations for nitrifying potential indicated that nitrifying organisms were present. The results suggest that the population of nitrifying organisms must have been small, their activity was limited, or the microhabitat necessary for their activity was not adequately simulated by the soil slurries in the short-term incubations. Low rates of denitrification were detected but probably did not represent a substantial loss of N from the soil–plant system. Low rates of denitrification may have been due to a lack of substrate (NO3−), reflecting the low rates of nitrification.

Download Full-text