Stand Height/Site Index Equations for Jack Pine and Black Spruce Trees Grown in Natural Stands

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahadev Sharma ◽  
Douglas E.B. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Stand Height ◽  
Natural Stands

scholarly journals Modeling Climatic Effects on Stand Height/Site Index of Plantation-Grown Jack Pine and Black Spruce Trees

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahadev Sharma ◽  
Nirmal Subedi ◽  
Micheal Ter-Mikaelian ◽  
John Parton
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Climatic Effects ◽  
Stand Height

Growth intercept models for black spruce, jack pine and balsam fir in Quebec

2005 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Mailly ◽  
Mélanie Gaudreault
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Interim Testing ◽  
Growth Intercept ◽  
Mean Square Errors

The objective of this study was to develop variable growth intercept models for coniferous species of major importance in Quebec using Nigh's (1997a) modelling technique. Eighty-three, 68, and 70 stem analysis plots of black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill.] BSP), jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill) were used, respectively. The growth intercept models for black spruce were the most precise, followed by those for jack pine and finally by those for balsam fir, based on the root mean square errors. Results indicated that the accuracy of the models was good, relative to those previously published for other species in Canada. Interim testing of the models revealed a low mean error for all three species that may not be of practical significance for site index determination, although more data should be obtained to further test the models. Key words: balsam fir, black spruce, growth intercept, jack pine, model, nonlinear regression, site index

Comparison of isozyme variation among natural stands and plantations: jack pine and black spruce

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 902-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peggy Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Allelic Heterogeneity ◽  
Nonrandom Mating ◽  
Clonal Seed Orchard ◽  
Seed Zone ◽  
Natural Stands ◽  
Mating Conditions ◽  
Seed Collections

Isozymes from needles of jack pine (Pinusbanksiana) and black spruce (Piceamariana) were analysed to test differences among young stands, mature stands, plantations from seed-zone seed collections, a plus-tree clonal seed orchard, and a progeny plantation from the seed orchard. Analyses based on approximately 100 trees per population resolved seven polymorphic loci for jack pine and five for black spruce. For intraspecies comparisons, allelic heterogeneity tests indicated no differences between young stands and plantations from seed-zone seed collections. The black spruce clonal seed orchard and mature natural stands were genetically homogeneous. Allelic heterogeneity test and discriminant analysis indicated that the progeny plantation from the clonal seed orchard differed from other black spruce samples. It is proposed that nonrandom mating conditions in the clonal seed orchard altered allele frequencies of the resultant progeny plantation.

An assessment of the structural method of deriving a black spruce site equation

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 1181-1189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor G. Smith ◽  
Martin Watts
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Stochastic Error ◽  
Stand Height

To date, methods of deriving site index (S) equations assume that stochastic error is only present in the regressor. This paper develops a method, termed the "structural method," which recognizes that both dominant stand height (H) and S measurements contain stochastic error. To achieve this, the structural method utilizes the structural relationship that exists between H and S to derive an S equation. S equations are derived for black spruce, Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P., using the structural method and various other methods, with linear and nonlinear models that are currently in use. Data used in the study consist of 56 black spruce permanent sample plots, containing a total of 382 observations, from north central Ontario and the Clay Belt Region of northern Ontario. This data set is split into 36 plots (260 observations) for deriving S equations and 20 plots (122 observations) for testing the equations for accuracy in predicting H, S, and future H. The equations are also examined for bias over stand age. Results show that height development of black spruce is not asymptotic and is best described by a linear model. Overall, the structural method provides the most accurate S equation within the range of the data. It predicted 90% of the H test observations with an error of 0.4 m or less, 89% of the S test observations with an error of 0.4 m or less, and 90% of the future H test observations with an error of 0.7 m or less. The structural method also has the advantage of producing only one equation for predicting both H and S. This enables estimates of both H and S to be made from one graph of H over age by S classes.

Comparing growth patterns of jack pine and black spruce in mixed natural stands and plantations

Ecoscience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave M. Morris ◽  
Douglas E. B. Reid ◽  
Martin Kwiaton ◽  
Shelley L. Hunt ◽  
Andrew M. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Natural Stands

The effect of advance regeneration height on future yield of black spruce stands

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Pothier ◽  
René Doucet ◽  
Jocelyn Boily
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Site Quality ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Advance Regeneration ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Index Site ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Stand Height

The advance regeneration often present following clear-cutting in black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) stands is generally composed of individuals of various heights. This initial height difference is hypothesized to affect the yield of the future stand. Height of the advance regeneration at time of release was determined on several black spruce trees within 33 stands distributed across the boreal forest of the province of Quebec, Canada. From these data, a regeneration structure index was developed and used to explain a part of the variation in subsequent stand yield. Dominant trees of stands developing for 38 to 65 years since clear-cutting generally originated from the tallest advance regeneration at time of release. Stands with the tallest regeneration at time of release produced the largest yields for a given site quality and number of years since harvesting. A 3-m increase in advance-regeneration height resulted in a similar yield gain as a 3-m increase in site index. Site indices calculated from age-height relationships of dominant trees originating from tall advance regeneration were less than those calculated from trees that have undergone a relatively short period of suppression. These results suggest that traditional management tools developed for fire-origin black spruce stands, i.e., stands mainly composed of seed-origin trees established after perturbation, should be adjusted for clearcut-origin stands that largely develop from advance regeneration.

scholarly journals Régénération artificielle des pessières noires à éricacées : effets du scarifiage, de la fertilisation et du type de plants après 10 ans

2004 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Thiffault ◽  
Guillaume Cyr ◽  
Guy Prégent ◽  
Robert Jobidon ◽  
Lise Charette
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Ericaceous Shrubs ◽  
Soil Scarification ◽  
Stock Types ◽  
A Minor

Site invasion by ericaceous shrubs after perturbation, either natural or human, is a major concern on some sites of the boreal forest of Québec. A dense cover of ericaceous shrubs often induces a conifer "growth check," which can last several decades. An interaction study was initiated in 1991 with the general objective of developing silvicultural strategies to ensure plantation success on such sites. Black spruce, jack pine, and tamarack seedlings were planted. Stock type, scarification, and fertilization treatments were organised in a randomized block split plot design. We measured seedling total height periodically over a ten-year period and assessed basal area and survival ten years after plantation. Most responses to treatments were additive. Results indicated that mechanical soil scarification is of major importance to ensure seedling growth, both in height and basal area, on spruce-ericaceous shrub sites of northeastern Québec. Scarification allowed a better expression of the site index, implying a sustainable impact on microsite characteristics that is greater than short-term effects on mineralization and nutrient availability. Fertilization positively influenced seedling growth, but less than soil scarification. Species choice had a strong impact on site productivity. Over a ten-year period, stock types only had a minor influence on plantation success, when compared to scarification or fertilization effects. Key words: Kalmia angustifolia, ericaceous shrubs, survival, growth, regeneration, black spruce, jack pine, tamarack

scholarly journals A Site Index Formula for Peatland Black Spruce in Ontario

1978 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bijan Payandeh
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Growth Function ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Index Formula ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
Stand Height ◽  
A Site ◽  
Index Formulas

Site index formulas were derived for peatland black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill.] B.S.P.) in northern Ontario based on stem analysis of 60 dominant and codominant trees. Nonlinear regression analysis and a biological growth function were employed to express both height as a function of site index and stand age and also site index as a function of stand height and age. Analysis of results indicates that peatland black spruce has a different pattern of height growth than that shown by Plonski's site index curves, particularly for site indices less than 8 m and stands older than 80 years.

scholarly journals Influence of Manganese on Growth of Jack Pine and Black Spruce Seedlings

1968 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 32-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. K. Morrison ◽  
K. A. Armson
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Species Difference ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Chamber Experiment ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Natural Stands ◽  
Ppm Level ◽  
Mn Concentrations

Analyses of foliage from natural stands of jack pine and black spruce confirmed earlier observations that levels of Mn were much higher in foliage of black spruce than in that of jack pine. Levels of Fe in jack pine foliage were greater than in black spruce.In a growth chamber experiment with spruce and pine seedlings and Mn supplied at 0, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 ppm, both species grew best at the 0.1 ppm level and there was no evidence of difference in tolerance to high Mn levels. In this experiment, no marked species difference in foliar Mn concentrations was observed like that existing in natural stands. Possible reasons for this lack of difference are discussed.

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