scholarly journals Mysterious chokeberries: new data on the diversity and phylogeny of Aronia Medik. (Rosaceae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Shipunov ◽  
Sofia Gladkova ◽  
Polina Timoshina ◽  
Hye Ji Lee ◽  
Jinhee Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
European Species ◽  
Generic Hybrid ◽  
Woody Shrubs

Aronia Medik. (chokeberry, Rosaceae) is a genus of woody shrubs with two or three North American species. Species boundaries and relationships between species of Aronia are frequently under question. The only European species in the genus, A. mitschurinii A.K.Skvortsov & Maitul., is suggested to be an inter-generic hybrid. In order to clarify the relationships between species of Aronia, we performed several morphometric and molecular analyses and found that the molecular and morphological diversity within data on American Aronia is low, and species boundaries are mostly not clearly expressed. Whereas morphology is able to separate American species from A. mitschurinii, there is no support for such discrimination from the molecular data; our analyses did not reveal evidence of A. mitschurinii hybrid origin. We believe that higher-resolution markers are needed to resolve species boundaries and putative hybridization events.

scholarly journals Cortinarius subgenus Leprocybe, unexpected diversity and significant differences in species compositions between western and eastern North America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ammirati ◽  
K. Liimatainen ◽  
D. Bojantchev ◽  
U. Peintner ◽  
R. Kuhnert-Finkernagel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
European Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

The focus of this paper is the North American species of Cortinarius in subg. Leprocybe. Eighteen species, including twelve new ones, and two tentative (aff.) species, are delimited based on morphological and molecular data (DNA ITS-LSU sequences). Existing type specimens of species in subg. Leprocybe were also studied, and neo- or epitypes designated for C. cotoneus, C. melanotus, C. phrygianus and C. venetus to stabilize the nomenclature. In addition, to improve the infrasubgeneric classification of Leprocybe three new sections are proposed: sect. Fuscotomentosi, sect. Melanoti and sect. Squamiveneti. This study adds substantial information to the knowledge of subg. Leprocybe in North America against a background of European species. To date only two species, C. phrygianus and C. squamivenetus have been reported from both continents.

scholarly journals Genome-wide sequence-based genotyping supports a nonhybrid origin of Castanea alabamensis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Taylor Perkins ◽  
Tetyana Zhebentyayeva ◽  
Paul H. Sisco ◽  
J. Hill Craddock
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
Putative Hybrid ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
The North ◽  
Snp Data ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Conservation Concern

AbstractThe genus Castanea in North America contains multiple tree and shrub taxa of conservation concern. The two species within the group, American chestnut (Castanea dentata) and chinquapin (C. pumila sensu lato), display remarkable morphological diversity across their distributions in the eastern United States and southern Ontario. Previous investigators have hypothesized that hybridization between C. dentata and C. pumila has played an important role in generating morphological variation in wild populations. A putative hybrid taxon, Castanea alabamensis, was identified in northern Alabama in the early 20th century; however, the question of its hybridity has been unresolved. We tested the hypothesized hybrid origin of C. alabamensis using genome-wide sequence-based genotyping of C. alabamensis, all currently recognized North American Castanea taxa, and two Asian Castanea species at >100,000 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci. With these data, we generated a high-resolution phylogeny, tested for admixture among taxa, and analyzed population genetic structure of the study taxa. Bayesian clustering and principal components analysis provided no evidence of admixture between C. dentata and C. pumila in C. alabamensis genomes. Phylogenetic analysis of genome-wide SNP data indicated that C. alabamensis forms a distinct group within C. pumila sensu lato. Our results are consistent with the model of a nonhybrid origin for C. alabamensis. Our finding of C. alabamensis as a genetically and morphologically distinct group within the North American chinquapin complex provides further impetus for the study and conservation of the North American Castanea species.

scholarly journals Patterns of morphological diversification in giant Berberomeloe blister beetles (Coleoptera: Meloidae) reveal an unexpected taxonomic diversity concordant with mtDNA phylogenetic structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 189 (4) ◽  
pp. 1249-1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Sánchez-Vialas ◽  
Mario García-París ◽  
José L Ruiz ◽  
Ernesto Recuero
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
Phylogenetic Structure ◽  
Morphological Diversification

Abstract Delimiting species boundaries is a complex challenge usually hindered by overlooked morphological diversification or misinterpretation of geographically structured phenotypic variability. Independent molecular data are extremely useful to characterize and understand such morphological diversity. Morphological and molecular variability of the non-phoretic and apterous, widely distributed, giant blister beetles of the genus Berberomeloe, were investigated within and between lineages across most of the distributional range of the genus. We used two mtDNA gene fragments to characterize genetic variability and to produce a time-calibrated phylogeny of the genus. Our results reveal several mitochondrial lineages, allopatrically, parapatrically and sympatrically distributed. Most clades are not distinguishable between each other based on morphometrics. However, no morphometric overlap is observed between two closely related clades, one of them occurring in sympatry with a distantly congeneric species (B. insignis), suggesting that sympatry could trigger morphological diversification. Although most species share a morphometric space, they can be morphologically identified by a combination of easily observed characteristic qualitative features. Based on the concordance between mtDNA clades and morphological units, we describe six new species of Berberomeloe (B. castuo sp. nov., B. comunero sp. nov., B. indalo sp. nov, B. yebli sp. nov., B. payoyo sp. nov. and B. tenebrosus sp. nov.), revalidate two taxa (B. maculifrons comb. nov. and B. laevigatus comb. nov.) and redefine B. majalis.

European species of Tubpontania gen. nov., a new genus for species of the Pontania crassispina group (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae: Nematinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2620 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
VELI VIKBERG
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
North American Species ◽  
European Species

Tubpontania gen. nov. (type species Nematus anomalopterus Förster, 1854), is proposed for the species of the former Pontania crassispina group. Tubpontania anomaloptera (Förster, 1854), comb. nov., = Amauronematus maidli Zirngiebl, 1937, syn. nov., = Nematus (Pontania) tuberculatus Benson, 1953, syn. nov. Other European species of the genus are Tubpontania cyrnea (Liston, 2005) (= Pontania joergenseni Enslin, 1916, syn. nov.; preoccupied by Pontania jörgenseni Strand, 1908), Tubpontania crassispina (Thomson, 1871), comb. nov., Tubpontania purpureae (Cameron, 1884), comb. nov., and Tubpontania nudipectus (Vikberg, 1965), comb. nov. Tubpontania nitidinota sp. nov., closely related to T. nudipectus, is described from Fennoscandia. Furthermore, the following North American species belong here: Tubpontania arctophilae (Benson, 1960), comb. nov., Tubpontania populi (Marlatt, 1896), comb. nov., Tubpontania pumila (Rohwer, 1910), comb. nov., Tubpontania rotundidentata (Zinovjev & Vikberg, 1999), comb. nov. and Tubpontania terminalis (Marlatt, 1896), comb. nov.

THE CESTODA OF CANADIAN FISHES: II. THE HUDSON BAY DRAINAGE SYSTEM

1932 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 377-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT ARNOLD WARDLE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North American ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Lota Lota ◽  
European Species ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
The Individual

The results are given of a survey of the cestode fauna of several thousand fishes representing thirty species common in the Hudson bay drainage system, particularly in the Hudson bay and in the larger lakes of Manitoba and Saskatchewan. The survey yielded twelve species of adult and seven species of larval cestodes, ten of which were identical with European species, while seven were purely North American. The incidence of infection was high and the individual intensity was heavy. The highest incidence and heaviest intensity occurred among nektonic types such as Hiodon, Leucichthys, Esox, Lucioperca and Salvelinus. Benthonic forms such as Catostomus, Ameiurus, Lota, Acipenser and Coregonus, were found relatively free from infection.The North American species of Cyathocephalus and Diplocotyle are regarded as identical with the European species C. truncatus and D. Olrikii; the species C. americanus Cooper, and Bothrimonus intermedius Cooper are rejected. The triaenophorid common in the area is regarded as Triaenophorus tricuspidatus (Bloch), and two morphae are recognized, microdentatus and megadentatus, the latter equivalent to T. robustus (Olsson). Bothriocephalus cuspidatus Cooper is regarded as comprising three sub-species, cuspidatus, hiodontos and luciopercae. The eubothriid cestode in Lota lota maculosa is regarded as identical with the European E. rugosum, but comprising two morphae, conformatus and deformatus. Two new species of Proteocephalus are described, namely coregoni from Coregonus atikameg, and luciopercae from Lucioperca vitreum.

A revision of the north-western European species of the laevigatus-group of Apanteles Förster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)

1972 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 701-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. J. Nixon
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
British Museum ◽  
North American Species ◽  
European Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Western European ◽  
North Western

The north-western European species of the laevigatus-group of Apanteles are revised. Forty species are dealt with, of which twenty are described as new. Brief notes are added on North American species of the group in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) to assist their eventual correlation with the European species.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY REMARKS ON SOME NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF HALISIDOTA HÜBN

1892 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 304-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harrison. G. Dyar
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
North American Species ◽  
The South ◽  
European Species ◽  
East Indies

Mr. Neumoegen and myself are at work upon this genus, with a view to present a revision of it; there are, however, some points upon which I should like to make a few independent remarks. The genus Halisidota is exclusively American, its stronghold being in the South. Indeed, the whole sub-family, the Phægopterinæ, are strongly, American, there being no European species and but few African, While still fewer reach through the East Indies to Australia.

NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF THE GENUS LESTIPHORUS (HYMENOPTERA: SPHECIDAE: GORYTINI)

1945 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 210-213
Author(s):  
V. S. L. Pate
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Species Group ◽  
North American Species ◽  
Related Genus ◽  
European Species ◽  
Generic Rank

Over a century ago in his memoir on Gorytes, Lepeletier proposed Lestiphorus for the reception of Rossi's distinctive European species Crabro bicinctus. However, very few subsequent authors have recognized it as a discrete generic entity. It has generally been regarded as merely a species group or occasionally treated as a subgenus of Gorytes or some related genus. But Lestiphorus, although small, is indubitably entitled to full generic rank.

A revision of the north-western European species of the vitripennis, pallipes, octonarius, triangulator, fraternus, formosus, parasitellae, metacarpalis and circumscriptus-groups of Apanteles Förster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)

1973 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. J. Nixon
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
British Museum ◽  
North American Species ◽  
European Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Western European ◽  
North Western

AbstractThe north-western European species of the vitripennis, pallipes, octonarius, triangulator, fraternus, formosus, parasitellae, metacarpalis and circumscriptus-groups of Apanteles are revised. Sixty-five species are dealt with, of which twenty-four are described as new. One species, A. exiguus (Haliday), is lifted from synonymy. Brief notes are added on North American species of the circumscriptus-group in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) to assist their eventual correlation with the European species. Reference is also made to two species of Hypomicrogaster.

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