Chronology of American military history: v.1: Independence to Civil War, 1775-1865; v.2: Indian wars to World War II, 1866-1945; v.3: Cold War to the war on terror, 1946 to the present

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (04) ◽  
pp. 48-1827-48-1827
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Civil War ◽  
War On Terror ◽  
Military History ◽  
World War ◽  
American Military ◽  
Indian Wars

Writing

2019 ◽  
pp. 174-223
Author(s):  
Artemis Leontis
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Political Action ◽  
World War ◽  
Art Of Living ◽  
Critical Moment ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Primary Medium

This chapter follows Eva Palmer Sikelianos's life to its end. From writing Upward Panic to exchanging weaving tips, to translating Angelos Sikelianos's work, to becoming a polylingual correspondent with hundreds of people as World War II gave way to the Cold War, Eva made writing the primary medium of her art of living. She found urgency in writing—a clarity of purpose that propelled her into the present in a new way—especially after she received a contraband package of Angelos's wartime resistance poems on the eve of the Greek civil war in 1944. The urgency of that critical moment thrust her into political action, turning her pen into a tool for anti-imperialist activism in a way that set up her brilliant last act.

scholarly journals State-Building after Disaster: Jiang Tingfu and the Reconstruction of Post-World War II China, 1943–1949

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-206
Author(s):  
Rana Mitter
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Civil War ◽  
United Nations ◽  
State Building ◽  
Humanitarian Relief ◽  
World War ◽  
Post World War Ii ◽  
Chinese Civil War ◽  
New Thinking

AbstractPost-World War II reconstruction in Europe and Asia is a topic of growing interest, but relatively little attention has been paid to the relief and rehabilitation effort in China in the immediate post-1945 period. This article reassesses the postwar program implemented by the Chinese Nationalist (Guomindang) government and the UNRRA (the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration), not just in terms of humanitarian relief, but also as part of a process that led to new thinking about the nature of the postwar state in Asia. It focuses on the ideas and actions of Jiang Tingfu (T. F. Tsiang), head of the Chinese National Relief and Rehabilitation Administration that worked with UNRRA. Chinese ideas for reconstruction in China were simultaneously statist, international, and transnational, and were shaped by high modern ideas drawn from Soviet and American examples. They were also influenced by China's poverty and wartime vulnerability, which made locally directed solutions more relevant in areas such as public hygiene. Success was unlikely because of the incipient Chinese Civil War and the huge demands of reconstruction on a state that was near-destitute, with a destroyed infrastructure. Nonetheless, its characteristics still bear examination as a first, tentative chapter in a longer story of post-imperialist and Cold War state-building that would shape countries in Asia and beyond.

Urban Biography and the Reconstruction of Sevastopol after World War II

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-223
Author(s):  
Karl D. Qualls
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Military History ◽  
Close Connection ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
World War ◽  
Crimean War ◽  
National History ◽  
Bolshevik Revolution

The Crimean War brought destruction to Russia’s Black Sea peninsula but, like Napoleon’s invasion fifty years earlier, the war also became a central event in Russia’s national history. In his The Origins of the Crimean War (1994), David Goldfrank introduced readers to the complex diplomatic wrangling that led to the Crimean War. This article seeks to explain how and why the Crimean War (or “first great defense”) rivals only World War II (the “second great defense”) in Sevastopol’s urban biography. Because of the work of writers, filmmakers, sculptors, and architects – who during and after World War II began to link the first great defense with the second and used images similar to Leo Tolstoy’s a century earlier – Sevastopol retains its close connection to its pre-Revolutionary military history. Even in the Soviet period, Sevastopol’s urban biography relied less on the Bolshevik Revolution and Civil War than it did on the Crimean War because of the narrative reframing during the 1940s.

American Military Interests and Economic Confidence in Spain under the Franco Dictatorship

2007 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 740-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Calvo-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
World War ◽  
American Military ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Franco Dictatorship

The security of property rights is fragile under dictatorships. This is particularly so if economic agents are uncertain as to whether the regime will last. As a result, private investment is withheld and economic performance is poor. Spain was in such a situation after World War II. However, as the Cold War intensified the United States became interested in Spain as a military ally, thereby helping to consolidate Franco's regime. This led to an increase in economic confidence and helps to explain why economic growth resumed in Spain ahead of significant changes in its autarkic economic policies.

Embracing Defeat in Seoul: Rethinking Decolonization in Korea, 1945

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori Watt
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Social History ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
World War ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
American Military ◽  
History Of ◽  
Japanese Residents ◽  
The Cold War

Revisiting the political and social history of Seoul, Korea, in 1945, this article assesses responses to Japanese defeat and the end of empire in the context of American military occupation. The arrival of the Americans forced Japanese and Koreans alike to rethink their positions in the world. Drawing on past colonial practices, Japanese residents used the immediate post-surrender moment to ponder their future prospects, recording those thoughts in a number of public and private sources. They negotiated the passage from a colonial to a post-imperial society, I argue, by embracing a consciousness of a defeated people while disregarding criticisms of colonial rule. This investigation seeks to interpret the immediate post-World War II moment in Seoul less as a founding moment of the Cold War and more as an important transition in the history of decolonization.

Inglorious Judgment

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Nadolny
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
War On Terror ◽  
Law And Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
World War ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Cold War

It almost sounds like the beginning of a joke, to ask what Stanley Kramer’s 1961 film Judgment at Nuremberg and Quentin Tarantino’s 2009 Inglourious Basterds have in common. One film is a lengthy black and white, Oscar‐winning courtroom drama, the other a recently released, blood‐soaked World War II fantasy. Yet in an essay for a Law and Literature seminar with Dr. Scott last semester, I sought to explore the similarities between these two films in light of their approaches to themes of justice and legality. Despite initial appearances the two films are remarkably alike. Both Kramer and Tarantino use casting in noteworthy ways ‐ choosing their actors not only for their considerable talents but also theircultural cache. Judgment and Basterds also use the framework of Germany and the war to comment not only on the past, but also on the present; Kramer makes an interesting commentary on the dangers of McCarthyism, and Tarantino carefully allies his audience with a character whose actions clearly can be seen as terrorism. Kramer and Tarantino further highlight their views on justice by using language in interesting, and revealing ways.  By looking at a film from the past, as well as the present, this essay examines the ways in which filmmakers combine historical events with aspects of the present to raise questions about important current issues; specifically, imposed justice and legality within the context ofboth the Cold War and the War on Terror.

The Unassailable Self: Freud's Image Among Post-war American Intellectuals

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Jenness
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Cold War ◽  
External Force ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Human Being ◽  
World War ◽  
The Us ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Way

This paper explores the way American intellectuals depicted Sigmund Freud during the peak of popularity and prestige of psychoanalysis in the US, roughly the decade and a half following World War II. These intellectuals insisted upon the unassailability of Freud's mind and personality. He was depicted as unsusceptible to any external force or influence, a trait which was thought to account for Freud's admirable comportment as a scientist, colleague and human being. This post-war image of Freud was shaped in part by the Cold War anxiety that modern individuality was imperilled by totalitarian forces, which could only be resisted by the most rugged of selves. It was also shaped by the unique situation of the intellectuals themselves, who were eager to position themselves, like the Freud they imagined, as steadfastly independent and critical thinkers who would, through the very clarity of their thought, lead America to a more robust democracy.

Metamorphoses of memory of the the Russian-Serbian Brotherhood of War in Modern Serbia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 142-156
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Timofeev
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Party System ◽  
Historical Memory ◽  
Civil Conflict ◽  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
Post War ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Second World

The article considers the perception of World War II in modern Serbian society. Despite the stability of Serbian-Russian shared historical memory, the attitudes of both countries towards World wars differ. There is a huge contrast in the perception of the First and Second World War in Russian and Serbian societies. For the Serbs the events of World War II are obscured by the memories of the Civil War, which broke out in the country immediately after the occupation in 1941 and continued several years after 1945. Over 70% of Yugoslavs killed during the Second World War were slaughtered by the citizens of former Kingdom of Yugoslavia. The terror unleashed by Tito in the first postwar decade in 1944-1954 was proportionally bloodier than Stalin repressions in the postwar USSR. The number of emigrants from Yugoslavia after the establishment of the Tito's dictatorship was proportionally equal to the number of refugees from Russia after the Civil War (1,5-2% of prewar population). In the post-war years, open manipulations with the obvious facts of World War II took place in Tito's Yugoslavia. In the 1990s the memories repressed during the communist years were set free and publicly debated. After the fall of the one-party system the memory of World War II was devalued. The memory of the Russian-Serbian military fraternity forged during the World War II began to revive in Serbia due to the foreign policy changes in 2008. In October 2008 the President of Russia paid a visit to Serbia which began the process of (re) construction of World War II in Serbian historical memory. According to the public opinion surveys, a positive attitude towards Russia and Russians in Serbia strengthens the memories on general resistance to Nazism with memories of fratricide during the civil conflict events of 1941-1945 still dominating in Serbian society.

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