Azithromycin Prophylaxis in an Adolescent With PANDAS

Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS) is a type of pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder with an acute symptom onset and periodic recurrence that is triggered by streptococcal infection. Due in part to the multifaceted assessment involved in the diagnosis of PANDAS and lack of consensus on the best treatment, management of these cases is complex. A background and case of PANDAS exacerbation in an adolescent patient, who presented with visuomotor impairment and was treated with azithromycin (Zithromax, Pfizer, New York, NY) prophylaxis to prevent further clinical deterioration, is described here.