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Rice Science ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Mohd Fadthul Ikmal Misnal ◽  
Norizah Redzuan ◽  
Muhamad Nor Firdaus Zainal ◽  
Norhayati Ahmad ◽  
Raja Kamarulzaman Raja Ibrahim ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 742-781
Author(s):  
Ricardo Gobato ◽  
Abhijit Mitra

Researchers have discovered an enzyme that inhibits the growth of cancer cells by stimulating proteins. In this study, the ability of each human cell to divide into two parts is discussed. For each division, a cell must follow certain steps, most of which are amplified by proteins called cyclins. Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management


2021 ◽  
pp. 342-380
Author(s):  
Ricardo Gobato ◽  
Abhijit Mitra

In this recent study, DNA data from 900 patients with colorectal cancer were reviewed. Analysis of the data showed a distinct mutation signature, a pattern that had never been identified before but indicated a type of DNA damage called "alkylation." Red meat contains chemicals that can cause alkylation. High levels of tumor alkylation damage are seen only in patients who consume an average of more than 150 grams of meat per day, roughly equivalent to two or more meals. On the other hand, a group of researchers in 2019 in a controversial conclusion stated that they do not have much confidence in reducing deaths from colon cancer by avoiding red meat. Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management


2021 ◽  
pp. 100-140
Author(s):  
Ricardo Gobato ◽  
Abhijit Mitra

It is widely known that severe viral infections and cancer disrupt the immune system, including T cells, a process called "immune fatigue." Overcoming immune depletion is the main goal of developing new therapies for cancer or severe viral infections. Called Apex cells, they can maintain their function for a long time. Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening, Treatment; Management


2021 ◽  
pp. 753-793
Author(s):  
Elena Locci ◽  
Silvia Raymond

Researchers have discovered an enzyme that inhibits the growth of cancer cells by stimulating proteins. In this study, the ability of each human cell to divide into two parts is discussed. For each division, a cell must follow certain steps, most of which are amplified by proteins called cyclins. Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues, Tumors; Prevention, Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening; Treatment; Management


Blood ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 138 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 5026-5026
Author(s):  
Nathan W. Sweeney ◽  
Jennifer M. Ahlstrom

Abstract Background: Patients with multiple myeloma (MM) are uniquely susceptible to viral and bacterial illnesses, including COVID-19, due to their immunocompromised state, age, treatments, and comorbidities. With the advent of COVID-19, changes to treatment were recommended whenever possible, in order to reduce visits to the clinic. The total effect of these changes on cancer patients with multiple myeloma remains unclear. The aim of this project was to assess treatment management by changes to treatment of patients with MM during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We utilized HealthTree ® Cure Hub for Multiple Myeloma (healthree.org) and invited patients with active MM cancer or precursor conditions to participate in an online survey. We analyzed patient responses to questions regarding their myeloma treatments during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: 978 MM patients participated in the survey between February to June 2021. Since March 2020, 151 patients (15%) either delayed, postponed, or stopped a myeloma treatment because of COVID-19. The four most common treatments were daratumumab (20%), lenalidomide (15%), stem cell transplant (13%) and zoledronic acid (11%). There were 110 patients that canceled a planned myeloma treatment. Of these patients, 55 (50%) canceled a planned chemotherapy, 15 (14%) canceled a stem cell transplant, 1 (1%) canceled radiation and 39 (35%) indicated other. Eight patients replaced an intravenous or subcutaneous treatment with an oral treatment because of COVID-19. There were 9 patients that started a new myeloma treatment because of COVID-19, the most common being daratumumab (44%), ixazomib (22%), lenalidomide (22%) and carfilzomib (11%). Finally, 15 patients had their lenalidomide (50%), steroid (42%) and carfilzomib (8%) dose changed. Conclusions: Our results show that decision-making regarding treatment changes were made on an individual basis and that patients who required a change in treatment were the minority. Aggregating real-world data can provide evidence that despite the changes, patients with MM still received and efficacious treatment and avoided putting these patients at risk or mortality. Disclosures Ahlstrom: Bristol Myers Squibb: Other: Patient Advisory; Janssen: Other: Patient Advisory; Pfizer: Other: Patient Advisory; Takeda: Other: Patient Advisory.


2021 ◽  
pp. 121-159
Author(s):  
Elena Locci ◽  
Silvia Raymond

It is widely known that severe viral infections and cancer disrupt the immune system, including T cells, a process called "immune fatigue." Overcoming immune depletion is the main goal of developing new therapies for cancer or severe viral infections. Called Tpex cells, they can maintain their function for a long time. Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues, Tumors; Prevention, Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening; Treatment; Management


2021 ◽  
pp. 193229682110545
Author(s):  
Bernd Schultes ◽  
Susanne Emmerich ◽  
Andreas D. Kistler ◽  
Badreddine Mecheri ◽  
Oliver Schnell ◽  
...  

Background: For the diagnosis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), quantitative albuminuria measurement using the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) is recommended according to various guidelines. It can be measured either in specialized laboratories or using ACR point-of-care testing (POCT). This observational study aims at evaluating the effect of ACR POCT utilization on the DKD diagnosis and treatment management for glycemic control and blood pressure. Method: Data of 717 patients with diabetes (type 1 diabetes: n = 236; type 2 diabetes: n = 463; other diabetes forms: n = 18) were assessed in three centers. The impact of ACR POCT on DKD diagnosis and treatment management for glycemic control and blood pressure was assessed using a case report form. The assessment of ACR POCT utilization purpose and relevance for physicians was documented using a questionnaire. Results: Of all participants (n = 717), 39.1% had a confirmed/suspected DKD diagnosis. Hereof, 8.6% were newly diagnosed with DKD, and 9.9% were suspected with DKD based on the actual ACR POCT values. Within the group of patients with confirmed/suspected DKD (n = 280), treatment modification was performed in 46.1% of participants. A drug initiation with GLP-1 receptor agonists or SGLT2 inhibitors was performed in 11.1% or 8.9% of patients with confirmed/suspected DKD, respectively. Regarding the utilization purposes of ACR POCT, 100% of the physicians (n = 8) indicated using it to examine patients with diabetes with or without hypertension; 75% considered it very important for patients with diabetes. Conclusions: The implementation of ACR POCT may positively affect DKD diagnosis and subsequently allow better management of patients with diabetes.


2021 ◽  
pp. 371-413
Author(s):  
Elena Locci ◽  
Silvia Raymond

Approximately 850,000 American women are diagnosed with the dreaded word cancer every year, while two-thirds of cancer deaths in the country are preventable. Although different types of cancer are worrisome, experts say that more than worrying, one should look for ways to control and prevent them, which are also readily available. Keywords: Cancer; Cells; Tissues; Tumors; Prevention; Prognosis; Diagnosis; Imaging; Screening; Treatment; Management


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