Governance and income determinants of poverty reduction: A cross-country analysis of Sub-Saharan African countries

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bukhari M. S. Sillah
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Income Determinants

scholarly journals Growth and Equity in Tertiary Education in Sub-Saharan Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Darvas ◽  
Sonali Ballal ◽  
Kedebe Feda
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Equitable Access ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Household Characteristics ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Sub Saharan

This study represents a first report of a regional cross-country analysis of patterns in equity and growth in tertiary education in Sub-Saharan Africa. In it, we analyse country-level surveys and regional statistics to see how expansion affected equity, how equity is explained by household characteristics and other factors, and what the intrinsic characteristics of the tertiary education system are that influence equity. Data show that in many instances, Sub-Saharan African countries fall behind other regions in terms of equity; and whereas some policies, such as diversification and more equitable pre-tertiary education can help, more efforts and more effective policies need to be introduced to make the system more equitable. The report argues that growth itself will not necessarily lead to improved equity and more equitable access to tertiary education can help the sector in achieving its higher-level objectives, including its contribution to competitiveness and prosperity. Cette étude constitue le premier rapport d’une analyse de l’équité et de la croissance de l’enseignement supérieur en Afrique sub-saharienne. Nous analysons des enquêtes nationales et des statistiques régionales pour montrer la manière dont la croissance affecte l’équité, comment l’équité peut être expliquée par les caractéristiques des ménages ainsi que par d’autres facteurs et quels facteurs propres au système d’enseignement supérieur influencent l’équité. Les données montrent que, dans de nombreux cas, les pays d’Afrique sub-saharienne sont en retard par rapport à ceux d’autres régions en ce qui concerne l’équité. Tandis que certaines mesures politiques, comme diversifier l’enseignement supérieur ou rendre les enseignements primaire et secondaire plus équitables, peuvent aider, des efforts plus importants et des mesures politiques plus efficaces doivent être mis en place pour rendre le système plus équitable. Ce rapport soutient que la croissance ne conduira pas forcément à l’amélioration de l’équité et qu’un accès plus équitable à l’enseignement supérieur peut aider le secteur à atteindre ses objectifs les plus ambitieux, notamment contribuer à la compétitivité et la prospérité du pays et de la région.

An inclusive approach to regulating the second economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donath Olomi ◽  
Goodluck Charles ◽  
Norma Juma
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Business Associations ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Inclusive Approach ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Sub Saharan

PurposeThis study aims to examine the experiences and lessons from formalisation initiatives in four sub-Saharan African countries. Drawing upon the three main theories that explain the existence of business informality – the exclusion model, rational exit model and dual economy model – the study offers an alternative path to business formalisation.Design/methodology/approachThe researchers adopted a descriptive-qualitative method, and through the triangulation of data, identified emerging themes and patterns.FindingsThe findings suggest that the informal sector has a small layer that responds to the simplification of regulations and a larger one that requires a different formalisation framework. This shift in paradigm, indirect or group formalisation, where business associations facilitate traceability (registration), self-regulation, access to resources and services for members was observed in all four of the economies studied: Kenya, Ghana, Rwanda and Tanzania.Research limitations/implicationsAs with every qualitative study, subjectivity and interpretation inevitably affect the replicability and generalisability of the findings. However, the rich meanings emerging from the qualitative analysis of the text are critically insightful.Practical implicationsDeveloping countries should explore indirect formalisation. Provision of workspace and construction of business premises for informal operators should be given high priority. The model for building structures for micro enterprises should change in favour of ownership by the operators through their own associations or other private sector investors.Originality/valueA pioneering study on cross-country analysis based on sub-Saharan African nations to unearth a new paradigm, a shift towards indirect or group formalisation.

Land value as a function of distance from the CBD: The case of the eastern suburbs of Pretoria

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 532-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
AC Jordaan ◽  
BE Drost ◽  
MA Makgata
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Central Business District ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Land Values ◽  
Location Decisions ◽  
Paper Review ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Business District ◽  
Prospective User

The greater the benefit derived from using a piece of land for any particular purpose the higher the price the prospective user is willing to pay.  The demand for land is thus a reflection of the utility derived from its use by current or potential users.  The ability to compete for sites depends on whether they have the means to benefit from accessibility and complementarity within the urban framework. Conventional theory states that productivity determines urban rent, which is the highest at the place of maximum accessibility, i.e. the central business district (CBD). This paper review selected residential location theories and the factors influencing location decisions. Using selected eastern suburbs of Pretoria, the paper tries to determine whether residential land values decrease as distance from the CBD increase as theory suggests.Foreign aid and poverty reduction in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-country investigation

scholarly journals Impact of cash transfer programs on food security and nutrition in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-country analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 72-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smriti Tiwari ◽  
Silvio Daidone ◽  
Maria Angelita Ruvalcaba ◽  
Ervin Prifti ◽  
Sudhanshu Handa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Cash Transfer ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Transfer Programs ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Food Security And Nutrition

Can Black Africa afford to be Green Africa?

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory N. Price ◽  
Juliet U. Elu
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Black Africa ◽  
The World ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Sub Saharan

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to use a neoclassical factor pricing approach to carbon emissions, and consider whether the productivity of carbon emissions differs in Sub-Saharan Africa relative to the rest of the world. Design/methodology/approach – Allowing for possible cross-country dependency and correlation in the effects of the factors of production on the level of gross domestic product per capita, the authors estimate the parameters of a cross-country net production function with carbon emissions as an input. Findings – While there is a “Sub-Saharan Africa effect” whereby carbon emissions are less productive as an input relative to the rest of the world; practically it is equally productive relative to all other countries suggesting a unfavorable distributional impact if Sub-Saharan Africa were to implement carbon emissions reductions consistent with the Kyoto Protocol. Research limitations/implications – If global warming is not anthropogenic or caused by carbon emissions, the parameter estimates do not inform an optimal and equitable carbon emissions policy based upon Sub-Saharan Africans reducing their short-run living standards. Practical implications – Fair and equitable global carbon emissions policies should aim to treat Sub-Saharan African countries in proportion to their carbon emissions, and not unfairly impose emissions constraints on them equal to that of countries in the industrialized west. Social implications – As Sub-Saharan Africa has a disproportionate number of individuals in the world living on less than one dollar a day, the results suggest “Black Africa” may not be able to afford being a “Green Africa.” Originality/value – The results are the first to quantify the effects of carbon emissions restrictions on output and their distributional implications for Sub-Saharan Africa.

7. Combating poverty

2018 ◽  
pp. 103-128
Author(s):  
Philip N. Jefferson
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Social Safety Nets ◽  
Social Protection Systems

Although poverty reduction has not occurred as fast as anyone would like, we know a considerable amount about what is helpful in the struggle against poverty. We also know a lot about what is not helpful. What seems to reduce poverty? What does not? Why have countries in East Asia and the Pacific excelled in poverty reduction, while sub-Saharan African countries and many developed countries have not? ‘Combating poverty’ considers the role of economic growth and inequality, the role of governance and institutions, markets and trade, social safety nets and social protection systems, infrastructure, foreign aid, the treatment of women and girls, and evaluation of the policies and programmes that reduce poverty.

scholarly journals Financial Development and Poverty in Developing Countries: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pam Zahonogo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Method Of Moment ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Poverty Measures ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Poverty Indicators

The paper investigates how financial development affects poverty indicators in developing countries. We implement this analysis with a poverty model using data from 42 Sub-Saharan African countries and covering the period 1980-2012. We employ the System Generalized Method-of-Moment (GMM) that is appropriate to control country specific effects and the possible endogeneity. The empirical evidence shows that there indeed exists a financial development threshold below which financial development has detrimental effects on poor and above which financial development could be associated with less poverty. The evidence then points an inverted U curve type response and the findings are robust to changes in poverty measures and to alternative model specifications, suggesting thus the non-fragility of the linkage between financial development and poverty for sub-Saharan African countries. Our findings are then promising and support the view that the relation between financial development and poverty reduction is not linear for sub-Saharan African countries.

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