Evidence of perpetration of intimate partner violence among HIV positive couples: A systematic scoping review

ObjectivesThe present study undertakes a scoping review aimed to map the evidence of intimate partner violence (IPV) against women living with HIV/AIDS in Africa.DesignWe used the online database to identify papers published from 1 January 2009 to 1 April 2019, from which we selected 21 articles from Uganda, Nigeria, Kenya, South Africa, Zambia, Ethiopia, Cameroon, Tanzania and Swaziland that used IPV as an outcome variable among women living with HIV/AIDS.Data sourcesPubMed, MEDLINE, EBSCO host, Google Scholar.Eligibility criteriaWe included women who were aged 15 years and above, living with HIV/AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa.Data extraction and synthesisWe conducted the abstract screening with two independent reviewers. We also performed full-text screening. We used the six methodological frameworks proposed by Arksey and O'Malley. The Mixed Method Appraisal Tool was used to determine the quality of the studies. We used NVIVO software V.12 to undertake a thematic analysis.ResultsOf the studies, the majority, 57.1%, reported cross-sectional results. In comparison, 23.8% examined qualitative studies, 9.5% were clinical trials, 4.8% were cohort studies and the remaining 4.8% covered grey literature. This review revealed evidence of IPV experience among women with HIV/AIDS, evidence of how HIV status disclosure influences IPV, proof of the association of sociodemographic characteristics with IPV and implications for practice. Moreover, the review revealed that following the serostatus disclosure, there is evidence of heightened risk for IPV.ConclusionsThis study found evidence of IPV among women living with HIV/AIDS. The HIV-positive women were at considerable risk of IPV after disclosure of their serostatus to a male partner. Therefore, further research is needed to promote action to reduce IPV among HIV-positive and HIV-negative women and to determine healthcare workers’ IPV screening experience.

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Sexual health (excluding reproductive health, intimate partner violence and gender-based violence) and COVID-19: a scoping review

Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽

10.1136/sextrans-2020-054896 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. sextrans-2020-054896

Author(s):

Navin Kumar ◽

Kamila Janmohamed ◽

Kate Nyhan ◽

Laura Forastiere ◽

Wei-Hong Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Health Disparities ◽

Reproductive Health ◽

Sexual Health ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Gender Based Violence ◽

Gender Based ◽

And Gender

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic has exposed and exacerbated existing socioeconomic and health disparities, including disparities in sexual health and well-being. While there have been several reviews published on COVID-19 and population health disparities generally—including some with attention to HIV—none has focused on sexual health (ie, STI care, female sexual health, sexual behaviour). We have conducted a scoping review focused on sexual health (excluding reproductive health (RH), intimate partner violence (IPV) and gender-based violence (GBV)) in the COVID-19 era, examining sexual behaviours and sexual health outcomes.MethodsA scoping review, compiling both peer-reviewed and grey literature, focused on sexual health (excluding RH, IPV and GBV) and COVID-19 was conducted on 15 September 2020. Multiple bibliographical databases were searched. Study selection conformed to Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Reviewers’ Manual 2015 Methodology for JBI Scoping Reviews. We only included English-language original studies.ResultsWe found that men who have sex with men may be moving back toward pre-pandemic levels of sexual activity, and that STI and HIV testing rates seem to have decreased. There was minimal focus on outcomes such as the economic impact on sexual health (excluding RH, IPV and GBV) and STI care, especially STI care of marginalised populations. In terms of population groups, there was limited focus on sex workers or on women, especially women’s sexual behaviour and mental health. We noticed limited use of qualitative techniques. Very few studies were in low/middle-income countries (LMICs).ConclusionsSexual health research is critical during a global infectious disease pandemic and our review of studies suggested notable research gaps. Researchers can focus efforts on LMICs and under-researched topics within sexual health and explore the use of qualitative techniques and interventions where appropriate.

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Intimate Partner Violence Among Women Accessing HIV-Care Services at Tertiary Hospitals in Ogun State, Nigeria: Implications for Policy and Practice

Journal of Interpersonal Violence ◽

10.1177/0886260520909189 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 088626052090918

Author(s):

Olumide Abiodun ◽

Kolawole Sodeinde ◽

Fikayo Bamidele ◽

Yejide Ojinni ◽

John Adekeye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Hiv Care ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Current Smoking Status ◽

Ogun State ◽

Hiv Positive Women ◽

Tertiary Hospitals

Intimate partner violence is both a predisposing factor for and sequelae of HIV infection. It is more likely for HIV-positive women to experience intimate partner violence compared with HIV-negative women. Previous researches have described the other risk factors for intimate partner violence. This cross-sectional study identified the correlates of intimate partner violence among HIV-positive women accessing HIV-care. We interviewed 458 women accessing HIV-care at the three tertiary hospitals in Ogun State, Nigeria. Trained research assistants conducted 10-min structured interviews with validated questionnaires. We carried out descriptive, bivariate, and regression analyses. We used the backward elimination technique to build a model to predict the experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) within the preceding 12 months. We set the level of significance at .05. A total of 23 (5.02%) participants reported IPV within the preceding 12 months, while the prevalence of lifetime intimate partner violence was 24.02%. Younger age, the experience of IPV in previous relationships, and having multiple sex partners were related to the experience of IPV within the preceding 12 months ( p < .05). Also, the partners’ age, alcohol intake, and current smoking status were associated with the experience of IPV within the preceding 12 months ( p < .05). After regression analysis, participants’ age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.892, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.831, 0.957]), experience of IPV in previous relationship (AOR = 12.841, 95% CI = [4.303, 38.318]), and partners’ current smoking status (AOR = 4.874, 95% CI = [1.252, 18.969]) retained association with the experience of IPV within the preceding 12 months. IPV among HIV-positive women accessing HIV-care occurs in a complicated, context-specific way. Routine HIV strategies and services should include interventions that involve men and address gender power imbalances. For effectiveness, specific interventions must consider women’s’ specific context and characteristics.

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Food Insecurity and Intimate Partner Violence Among HIV-Positive Individuals in Rural Kenya

American Journal of Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.amepre.2020.06.025 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abigail M. Hatcher ◽

Sheri D. Weiser ◽

Craig R. Cohen ◽

Jill Hagey ◽

Elly Weke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Food Insecurity ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Rural Kenya

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Guns and Intimate Partner Violence among Adolescents: a Scoping Review

Journal of Family Violence ◽

10.1007/s10896-020-00193-x ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Annah K. Bender ◽

Erica Koegler ◽

Sharon D. Johnson ◽

Vithya Murugan ◽

Rachel Wamser-Nanney

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Intimate Partner

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Understanding Formal Responses to Intimate Partner Violence and Women’s Resistance Processes: A Scoping Review

Trauma Violence & Abuse ◽

10.1177/1524838020967348 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 152483802096734

Author(s):

Meg Osborn ◽

Valli Rajah

Keyword(s):

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Help Seeking ◽

English Language ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Policy And Practice ◽

Individual Level ◽

Institutional Responses ◽

Everyday Resistance

Intimate partner violence (IPV) literature addresses the ways in which women oppose violent male partners through acts of “everyday resistance.” There is a limited understanding, however, of the relationship between women’s resistance and their formal help-seeking in the context of IPV. Our scoping review, which includes 74 articles published in English-language journals between 1994 and 2017, attempts to help fill this gap by developing systematic knowledge regarding the following research questions: (1) How are formal institutional responses discussed within the literature on resistance to IPV? (2) How does institutional help-seeking facilitate or obstruct IPV survivors’ personal efforts to resist violence? We find that institutions and organizations succeed in facilitating resistance processes when they counter victim-blaming ideas and provide IPV survivors with shared community and a sense of control over their futures. However, they fall short in terms of helping survivors by expecting survivors to adhere to a rigid narrative about appropriate responses to violence, devoting insufficient attention to individual-level factors impacting survivors’ vulnerability and ability to access help, and replicating abuse dynamics when interacting with survivors. Policy and practice implications are discussed.

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Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) Against HIV-Positive Women in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Mixed-Method Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Trauma Violence & Abuse ◽

10.1177/1524838020906560 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 152483802090656 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Eric Y. Tenkorang ◽

Michael Asamoah-Boaheng ◽

Adobea Y. Owusu

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Hiv Positive Women ◽

Sub Saharan

Objectives: To systematically analyze and summarize the literature on intimate partner violence (IPV) against HIV-positive women in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and to identify their risk factors for IPV. Method: A comprehensive review of the literature using the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) and Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) yielded 1,879 articles (PubMed = 1,251, Embase = 491, Web of Science = 132, and identified additional records = 5). Twenty were selected for quantitative and qualitative assessment and synthesis. We employed a random effects model with generic inverse variance method and estimated the odds ratios. Findings: Results indicated a high prevalence of physical, sexual, and emotional violence against women living with HIV/AIDS in SSA. Educational background, alcohol use, marital status, previous experiences with IPV, and employment status were identified as significant risk factors. We also assessed the methodological quality of the articles by examining publication bias and some heterogeneity statistics. Conclusion: There is limited research on IPV against HIV-positive women in SSA. However, the few existing studies agree on the importance of targeting HIV-positive women with specific interventions given their vulnerability to IPV and to address factors exacerbating these risks and vulnerabilities.

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