scholarly journals In situ vital staining for chasing the galatheid crab Shinkaia crosnieri on deep-sea floor

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (0) ◽  
pp. 87-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Maruyama ◽  
Tomo-o Watsuji ◽  
Tomoko Takahashi ◽  
Hiromi Kayama Watanabe ◽  
Yukiko Nagai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Vital Staining ◽  
Sea Floor

scholarly journals Habitat of the deep-sea anemone, Cribrinopsis japonica, with shrimp: Does Cribrinopsis japonica establish a symbiotic relationship with shrimp?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eriko Shimada ◽  
Yusuke Tsuruwaka
Keyword(s):  
Sea Of Japan ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Toyama Bay

We recently found Cribrinopsis japonica Tsutsui & Tsuruwaka, 2014 (Shinkai-hakutou-ginchaku in Japanese name) at the depth between 384 and 800 m in Toyama Bay, Sea of Japan. Since then, C. japonica has been reared under atmospheric pressure in the laboratory for seven years. C. japonica may use a fluorescent protein carried in its tentacles to lure shrimp (Tsutsui et al., 2016*1). However, the ecology of C. japonica in the deep-sea is hardly known. To elucidate the unknown ecology, we coupled one of the first long-term in situ studies of deep-sea organisms with complementary laboratory experiments. Our exploration of deep-sea benthos revealed that C. japonica inhabits the deepest areas of the sea floor at 1,960 m. Moreover, 80% of C. japonica in the deep-sea stayed together with the deep-sea shrimp. In the laboratory environment, when we added the same shrimp species which was observed in situ to the rearing tank with C. japonica, C. japonica stayed closer with the shrimp without attacking using the tentacles. It is rare to observe different animals together at one place or space since there are very few animals in the ocean floor at > 1,000 m depth in the Sea of Japan (Motokawa & Kajihara, 2017*2). In such depopulated environment, it is conceivable that C. japonica and the shrimp may receive benefit mutually or one side by establishing a ‘symbiotic relationship.’ We will elucidate their relationship in more details by studying the possible ‘symbiosis’ in the laboratory.

In situ studies of megafaunal mounds indicate rapid sediment turnover and community response at the deep-sea floor

Nature ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 323 (6085) ◽  
pp. 251-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig R. Smith ◽  
Peter A. Jumars ◽  
David J. DeMaster
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Community Response ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
In Situ Studies

scholarly journals Habitat of the deep-sea anemone, Cribrinopsis japonica, with shrimp: Does Cribrinopsis japonica establish a symbiotic relationship with shrimp?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eriko Shimada ◽  
Yusuke Tsuruwaka
Keyword(s):  
Sea Of Japan ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
Symbiotic Relationship ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Toyama Bay

We recently found Cribrinopsis japonica Tsutsui & Tsuruwaka, 2014 (Shinkai-hakutou-ginchaku in Japanese name) at the depth between 384 and 800 m in Toyama Bay, Sea of Japan. Since then, C. japonica has been reared under atmospheric pressure in the laboratory for seven years. C. japonica may use a fluorescent protein carried in its tentacles to lure shrimp (Tsutsui et al., 2016*1). However, the ecology of C. japonica in the deep-sea is hardly known. To elucidate the unknown ecology, we coupled one of the first long-term in situ studies of deep-sea organisms with complementary laboratory experiments. Our exploration of deep-sea benthos revealed that C. japonica inhabits the deepest areas of the sea floor at 1,960 m. Moreover, 80% of C. japonica in the deep-sea stayed together with the deep-sea shrimp. In the laboratory environment, when we added the same shrimp species which was observed in situ to the rearing tank with C. japonica, C. japonica stayed closer with the shrimp without attacking using the tentacles. It is rare to observe different animals together at one place or space since there are very few animals in the ocean floor at > 1,000 m depth in the Sea of Japan (Motokawa & Kajihara, 2017*2). In such depopulated environment, it is conceivable that C. japonica and the shrimp may receive benefit mutually or one side by establishing a ‘symbiotic relationship.’ We will elucidate their relationship in more details by studying the possible ‘symbiosis’ in the laboratory.

scholarly journals Design and deployment of autoclave pressure vessels for the portable deep-sea drill rig MeBo (<i>Meeresboden-Bohrgerät</i>)

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Pape ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Hohnberg ◽  
David Wunsch ◽  
Erik Anders ◽  
Tim Freudenthal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sediment Cores ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Molecular Gas ◽  
Operational Procedure ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
First Results ◽  
Scientific Fields

Abstract. Pressure barrels for sampling and preservation of submarine sediments under in situ pressure with the robotic sea-floor drill rig MeBo (Meeresboden-Bohrgerät) housed at the MARUM (Bremen, Germany) were developed. Deployments of the so-called MDP (MeBo pressure vessel) during two offshore expeditions off New Zealand and off Spitsbergen, Norway, resulted in the recovery of sediment cores with pressure stages equaling in situ hydrostatic pressure. While initially designed for the quantification of gas and gas-hydrate contents in submarine sediments, the MDP also allows for analysis of the sediments under in situ pressure with methods typically applied by researchers from other scientific fields (geotechnics, sedimentology, microbiology, etc.). Here we report on the design and operational procedure of the MDP and demonstrate full functionality by presenting the first results from pressure-core degassing and molecular gas analysis.

Development of a deep-sea mercury sensor using in situ anodic stripping voltammetry

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 613-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Yamamoto ◽  
Hitoshi Kodamatani ◽  
Yuriko Kono ◽  
Akinori Takeuchi ◽  
Ken Takai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Anodic Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Stripping Voltammetry ◽  
Anodic Stripping ◽  
Mercury Sensor

Large Plastic Debris Dumps: New Biodiversity Hot Spots Emerging on the Deep-Sea Floor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xikun Song ◽  
Mingxin Lyu ◽  
Xiaodi Zhang ◽  
Bernhard Ruthensteiner ◽  
In-Young Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Plastic Debris ◽  
Sea Floor

scholarly journals Development of an Easy-to-Operate Underwater Raman System for Deep-Sea Cold Seep and Hydrothermal Vent In Situ Detection

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5090
Author(s):  
Qingsheng Liu ◽  
Jinjia Guo ◽  
Wangquan Ye ◽  
Kai Cheng ◽  
Fujun Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hydrothermal Vent ◽  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Sulfur Cycle ◽  
Cold Seep ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Bacterial Mats ◽  
Optical Module ◽  
In Situ Detection

As a powerful in situ detection technique, Raman spectroscopy is becoming a popular underwater investigation method, especially in deep-sea research. In this paper, an easy-to-operate underwater Raman system with a compact design and competitive sensitivity is introduced. All the components, including the optical module and the electronic module, were packaged in an L362 × Φ172 mm titanium capsule with a weight of 20 kg in the air (about 12 kg in water). By optimising the laser coupling mode and focusing lens parameters, a competitive sensitivity was achieved with the detection limit of SO42− being 0.7 mmol/L. The first sea trial was carried out with the aid of a 3000 m grade remotely operated vehicle (ROV) “FCV3000” in October 2018. Over 20,000 spectra were captured from the targets interested, including methane hydrate, clamshell in the area of cold seep, and bacterial mats around a hydrothermal vent, with a maximum depth of 1038 m. A Raman peak at 2592 cm−1 was found in the methane hydrate spectra, which revealed the presence of hydrogen sulfide in the seeping gas. In addition, we also found sulfur in the bacterial mats, confirming the involvement of micro-organisms in the sulfur cycle in the hydrothermal field. It is expected that the system can be developed as a universal deep-sea survey and detection equipment in the near future.

Gametogenesis and the reproductive cycle in the deep-sea anemone Paracalliactis stephensoni (Cnidaria: Actiniaria)

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Praet-Van
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Sea Anemone ◽  
Bay Of Biscay ◽  
Sea Anemones ◽  
Spring Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Ultrastructural Investigation

This ultrastructural investigation of gametogenesis in a deep-sea anemone of the Bay of Biscay trawled around 2000 m depth, contributes to the knowledge of biology and strategy of reproduction of deep-sea benthos.This sea anemone is dioecious. The sperm appears very similar to those of shallow water sea anemones of the genus, Calliactis. The ultrastructural investigation of oogenesis allows the characteristics of the stages of previtellogenesis and vitellogenesis to be defined. The latter begins with a period of lipogenesis correlated with the formation of a trophonema. Mature oocytes measure up to 180 (im in diameter. Study of spermatogenesis and oogenesis reveals that spawning occurs in April/May. In males, the main area of testicular cysts, full of sperm, reaches maximal development from March to May and, in females, the percentage of mature oocytes decreases from 33% in April to 1% in May.Spawning may be induced by the advent in the deep-sea of the products of the spring phytoplankton bloom. This period of spawning, during the increased deposition of organic matter to the deep-sea floor, may be an advantageous strategy for early development of Paracalliactis.

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