Production and water use efficiency of peanut under salt stress and soil cover

ABSTRACT Vegetable cultivation requires high water use and weed control. Soil cover using recycled paper, can be an alternative to polyethylene film to reduce weed incidence, soil temperature and increase water use efficiency beyond reduces costs and environmental pollutions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of biodegradable mulch in weed management and water use efficiency (WUE) in lettuce crop. The treatments were composed of brown recycled paper (RP), black polyethylene film (PF) and soil without cover with weed removal (WR) and without weed removal (WW). RP and PF were efficient to control weeds. The soil temperature with RP was 8.2 and 2.1ºC lower than with PF and WR, respectively. The lettuce yield with RP was 14.5 and 28.3% higher than WR, and with PF, respectively. The water volume applied with RP was 26.5% lower, and WUE was 55.6% higher compared to WR. Soil cover with recycled paper controlled weeds, reduced soil temperature and water consumption and increased yield and water use efficiency in lettuce crop.

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Trichoderma Enhances Net Photosynthesis, Water Use Efficiency, and Growth of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Salt Stress

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8101565 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 1565 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abraham Mulu Oljira ◽

Tabassum Hussain ◽

Tatoba R. Waghmode ◽

Huicheng Zhao ◽

Hongyong Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Salt Tolerance ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Photosynthetic Parameters ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Salt Tolerant ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Trichoderma Isolates

Soil salinity is one of the most important abiotic stresses limiting plant growth and productivity. The breeding of salt-tolerant wheat cultivars has substantially relieved the adverse effects of salt stress. Complementing these cultivars with growth-promoting microbes has the potential to stimulate and further enhance their salt tolerance. In this study, two fungal isolates, Th4 and Th6, and one bacterial isolate, C7, were isolated. The phylogenetic analyses suggested that these isolates were closely related to Trichoderma yunnanense, Trichoderma afroharzianum, and Bacillus licheniformis, respectively. These isolates produced indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) under salt stress (200 mM). The abilities of these isolates to enhance salt tolerance were investigated by seed coatings on salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant wheat cultivars. Salt stress (S), cultivar (C), and microbial treatment (M) significantly affected water use efficiency. The interaction effect of M x S significantly correlated with all photosynthetic parameters investigated. Treatments with Trichoderma isolates enhanced net photosynthesis, water use efficiency and biomass production. Principal component analysis revealed that the influences of microbial isolates on the photosynthetic parameters of the different wheat cultivars differed substantially. This study illustrated that Trichoderma isolates enhance the growth of wheat under salt stress and demonstrated the potential of using these isolates as plant biostimulants.

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Water-use Efficiency of Trifolium alexandrinum Exposed to Salt Stress under Different Environmental Conditions

Flora ◽

10.1016/s0367-2530(17)31411-1 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 175 (1) ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Erika Winter

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Trifolium Alexandrinum ◽

Use Efficiency

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Growth, water use efficiency, and sodium and potassium acquisition by tomato cultivars grown under salt stress

Journal of Plant Nutrition ◽

10.1080/01904160009381992 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Ghazi N. Al‐Karaki

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Tomato Cultivars ◽

Sodium And Potassium

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Expression of Arabidopsis Hexokinase in Tobacco Guard Cells Increases Water-Use Efficiency and Confers Tolerance to Drought and Salt Stress

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants8120613 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 613

Author(s):

Nitsan Lugassi ◽

Brijesh Singh Yadav ◽

Aiman Egbaria ◽

Dalia Wolf ◽

Gilor Kelly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Saline Water ◽

Stomatal Closure ◽

Guard Cells ◽

Plant Performance ◽

Growth Modulation ◽

Drought And Salt Stress ◽

Use Efficiency

Abiotic stresses such as drought and saline water impose major limitations on plant growth. Modulation of stomatal behavior may help plants cope with such stresses by reducing both water loss and salt uptake. Hexokinase (HXK) is a sugar-phosphorylating enzyme involved in guard cells’ sugar-sensing, mediating stomatal closure and coordinating photosynthesis with transpiration. We generated transgenic tobacco lines expressing the Arabidopsis hexokinase1 (AtHXK1) under the guard cell-specific promoter KST1 and examined those plants using growth room and greenhouse experiments. The expression of AtHXK1 in tobacco guard cells reduced stomatal conductance and transpiration by about 25% with no negative effects on photosynthesis or growth, leading to increased water-use efficiency. In addition, these plants exhibited tolerance to drought and salt stress due to their lower transpiration rate, indicating that improved stomatal function has the potential to improve plant performance under stress conditions.

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Canopy development modifies the water economy of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) in south-western Australia

Australian Journal of Agricultural Research ◽

10.1071/ar9860599 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

pp. 599 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

K. H. M. Siddique ◽

R. H. Sedgley

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Soil Cover ◽

Soil Evaporation ◽

Total Water ◽

Canopy Development ◽

Turn On ◽

Sowing Dates ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Plant Data

Soil water balance and plant data from a time of sowing trial, and estimates of transpiration efficiency, were used to assess the importance of soil cover, provided by developing canopies, on the water use and its partitioning between soil evaporation and transpiration. As reported in an earlier paper, time of sowing strongly affected the timing and rate of canopy development, and had little effect within years on total water use, which was 221 mm in 1982 and 185 mm in 1983. Time of sowing also modified the pattern of water use, and this was reflected in substantial effects on the partitioning of water use, between soil evaporation and transpiration, and in turn on yield and water use efficiency. Estimated water use by soil evaporation ranged from 100 to 125 mm in 1982 and from 75 to 115 mm in 1983. The majority of this, an average of 80 mm, in 1982 and 75 mm, in 1983, occurred during the winter months, June to August, and varied mildly with soil cover. Soil cover had its greatest effect on water use through transpiration during spring, when temperatures were rising rapidly. Transpiration varied between sowing dates by 20 mm in 1982, and by 40 mm in 1983. Measures to improve water use efficiency should aim to reduce soil evaporation during winter both directly, by increasing soil cover, for example, by mulches or earlier-developing canopies, and indirectly by increasing infiltration. In spring, measures to improve water use efficiency should aim at reducing transpiration by minimising canopy development to what is required by the crop to maximise harvest index.

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PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF PEANUT CROPS TO IRRIGATION WITH BRACKISH WATERS AND APPLICATION OF ORGANO-MINERAL FERTILIZERS

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252021v34n320rc ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 682-691

Author(s):

JOSÉ THOMAS MACHADO DE SOUSA ◽

GEOCLEBER GOMES DE SOUSA ◽

ELANE BEZERRA DA SILVA ◽

FRANCISCO BARROSO DA SILVA JUNIOR ◽

THALES VINÍCIUS DE ARAÚJO VIANA

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Stomatal Conductance ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Mineral Fertilizer ◽

Leaf Temperature ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Brackish Waters ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Plant Ash

ABSTRACT The use of organo-mineral fertilizer is an alternative measure to mitigate salt stress in semiarid regions. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological indexes of peanut crops under irrigations with fresh and brackish waters and applications of organo-mineral fertilizers. The experiment was conducted from June to September, 2019, at the Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (UNILAB), in Redenção, state of Ceará, Brazil, using a completely randomized experimental design in a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement, with four replications. The treatments consisted of five soil fertilizers (F1= 100% NPK mineral fertilizer at the recommended rate; F2= 100% bovine manure-based biofertilizer; F3= 100% plant ash; F4= 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% bovine manure-based biofertilizer; and F5= 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% plant ash); and two salinity levels (electrical conductivities) of the irrigation water (1.0 and 5.0 dS m-1). Photosynthetic rate, transpiration, stomatal conductance, leaf temperature, internal CO2 concentration, water use efficiency, and chlorophyll index of the plants were evaluated at 40 and 54 days after sowing (DAS). Plants irrigated with fresh water presented higher stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, and transpiration, regardless of the fertilizer used. The use of 100% bovine manure-based biofertilizer resulted in decreases in salt stress and increases in water use efficiency at 40 DAS, and decreases in leaf temperature and increases in relative chlorophyll content at 54 DAS.

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Effect on Soil Properties and Maize Growth by Alternate Irrigation with Brackish Water

Transactions of the ASABE ◽

10.13031/trans.13046 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 485-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mingyi Huang ◽

Zhanyu Zhang ◽

Zhuping Sheng ◽

Chengli Zhu ◽

Yaming Zhai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Water Use ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Brackish Water ◽

High Salinity ◽

Maize Growth ◽

Adverse Impacts ◽

Use Efficiency

Abstract. With growing competition for freshwater by industrialization and urbanization, brackish water irrigation has been increasingly used for agricultural production. One of major concerns is the accumulation of salt and its impacts on soil properties and crop yield. If properly managed, alternate irrigation with brackish and freshwater might alleviate the adverse impacts of salt on soil physicochemical properties and plant growth. To exploit proper alternate irrigation to minimize such impacts, a maize pot experiment was conducted at three stages (seedling, jointing and tasseling, and after tasseling) with three alternate irrigation methods (BFF: brackish-fresh-fresh, FBF: fresh-brackish-fresh, and FFB: fresh-fresh-brackish) and with three salinities (1.69, 4.81, and 7.94 dS m-1), respectively. The results show that compared to freshwater irrigation, alternate irrigation with high-salinity brackish water increased soil electrical conductivity by 4.1% to 207.4% and reduced soil infiltration rate by 19.2% to 51.9%. The adverse impacts were more prominent in FBF and FFB than in BFF due to the higher proportions of brackish water in FBF and FFB. High-salinity brackish water also caused salt stress on maize growth and decreased evapotranspiration, relative water content, intrinsic water use efficiency, and electron transport rate by 6.6% to 30.6%, 2.1% to 10.2%, 7.3% to 17.9%, and 7.2% to 39.6%, respectively, leading to reduced growth and productivity. The salt stress was more pronounced in BFF and FBF than in FFB because maize is more salt-sensitive during the vegetative stage. Overall, brackish water irrigation at the jointing and tasseling stage (FBF) caused the most severe impacts on both soil and maize, so freshwater is advocated at this stage. In BFF, due to sufficient freshwater irrigation at later stages, slightly saline irrigation can be applied at the seedling stage without evident adverse effects. Higher-salinity brackish water was used successfully in the after-tasseling stage (FFB), although salt leaching by off-season rainfall was needed after harvest for sustainable production. Keywords: Crop yield, Saline water, Salt stress, Soil salinity, Water use efficiency.

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