Studies on the Algal Distribution in Various Salt-Pans of Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu, India

Abstract Traditional solar salt pans appeared in Vinh Chau, Soc Trang province and Bac Lieu province in the 1960s (Do, 1998). Crude salt is mainly used for human consumption and to salt fish and fish sauces and therefore its demand is not considerable. Moreover, a large amount of crude salt was produced yearly at the sites which exceeded local consumption needs. Consequently, all salt produced could not be sold which reduced the income of salt farmers. Towards the end of the 1980s, an Artemia culture technique in salt pans for cyst production was developed by the College of Aquaculture and Fisheries (CAF), Cantho University, which proved to be more profitable than traditional salt production (Vu, 1997). Therefore the technique was immediately transferred to farmers and the production scale increased year by year. This case study describes the system of shrimp, Artemia and salt production which was introduced to salt farmers with the aim of developing a new production system to help to improve their living standards.

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The first report of ants (Formicidae: Hymenoptera) in salt marshes and salt pans in central parts of Iran

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d200915 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (9) ◽

Author(s):

MOHAMMAD REZA MOHSENI ◽

SHAHROKH PASHAEI RAD

Keyword(s):

Salt Marshes ◽

Dominant Species ◽

Salt Lake ◽

Vegetation Density ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Salt Pans ◽

Mountain Station ◽

Physical And Chemical Parameters ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

First Time

The present study was conducted in Salt marshes and Salt pans in central parts of Iran. 121 specimens of ants were collected by trapping and hand during spring, summer and autumn 2017 to 2019. Nine species belong to two subfamilies of Myrmicinae and Formicinae were identified. The vegetation, physical and chemical parameters of soil such as salinity, Ph, and other factors were investigated. Darband Shoor Mountain station with five species had the highest diversity and vegetation density and the lowest salinity of soil (72.14 ds/m) whereas Salt Lake station had only one species, with no vegetation and the highest salinity of soil (153.15 ds/m). Cataglyphis lividus (André, 1881) was the dominant species in all the stations except in Darband Shoor Mountain station. All the species were reported for the first time from salt marshes and salt pans in the central parts of Iran and were approved by Prof. Brian Taylor, in Royal Entomological Society of London, England.

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Assessment of benthic organisms (micro and macro invertabrates ) in the selected salt pans of east coast of Tamil Nadu,India

Scientific Transactions in Enviornment and Technovation ◽

10.20894/stet.116.009.002.010 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 107-110

Author(s):

J. Pandiyan ◽

◽

G. Karthikeyan ◽

Keyword(s):

Tamil Nadu ◽

East Coast ◽

Benthic Organisms ◽

Salt Pans

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Algal endosymbiosis in brown hydra: host/symbiont specificity

Journal of Cell Science ◽

10.1242/jcs.86.1.273 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 273-286 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Rahat ◽

V. Reich

Keyword(s):

Ecological Factors ◽

Vacuolar Membrane ◽

Physiological Strain ◽

Free Living ◽

Daughter Cells ◽

Green Hydra ◽

Endodermal Cells ◽

Hydra Viridis ◽

Algal Distribution

Host/symbiont specificity has been investigated in non-symbiotic and aposymbiotic brown and green hydra infected with various free-living and symbiotic species and strains of Chlorella and Chlorococcum. Morphology and ultrastructure of the symbioses obtained have been compared. Aposymbiotic Swiss Hydra viridis and Japanese H. magnipapillata served as controls. In two strains of H. attenuata stable hereditary symbioses were obtained with Chlorococcum isolated from H. magnipapillata. In one strain of H. vulgaris, in H. oligactis and in aposymbiotic H. viridis chlorococci persisted for more than a week. Eight species of free-living Chlorococcum, 10 symbiotic and 10 free-living strains of Chlorella disappeared from the brown hydra within 1–2 days. In H. magnipapillata there was a graded distribution of chlorococci along the polyps. In hypostomal cells there were greater than 30 algae/cell while in endodermal cells of the mid-section or peduncle less than 10 algae/cell were found. In H. attenuata the algal distribution was irregular, there were up to five chlorocci/cell, and up to 20 cells/hydra hosted algae. In the dark most cells of Chlorococcum disappeared from H. magnipapillata and aposymbiotic hydra were obtained. Chlorococcum is thus an obligate phototroph, and host-dependent heterotrophy is not required for the preservation of a symbiosis. The few chlorococci that survived in the dark seem to belong to a less-demanding physiological strain. In variance with known Chlorella/H. viridis endosymbioses the chlorococci in H. magnipapillata and H. attenuata were tightly enveloped in the vacuolar membrane of the hosting cells with no visible perialgal space. Chlorococcum reproduced in these vacuoles and up to eight daughter cells were found within the same vacuole. We suggest that the graded or scant distribution of chlorococci in the various brown hydra, their inability to live in H. viridis and the inability of the various chlorellae to live in brown hydra are the result of differences in nutrients available to the algae in the respective hosting cells. We conclude that host/symbiont specificity and the various forms of interrelations we show in green and brown hydra with chlorococci and chlorellae are based on nutritional-ecological factors. These interrelations demonstrate successive stages in the evolution of stable obligatoric symbioses from chance encounters of preadapted potential cosymbionts.

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