Pulicaria laciniata (Coss and Kral): Effects of Different Extraction Solvents on Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity

This study aims to investigate phytochemical constituents of Pulicaria laciniata extracts and determine their antioxidant activity using three methods; Phosphomolybdate, Reducing Power, and Metal Chelating. The phytochemical investigation showed various secondary metabolites such as Phenols, Glycosides, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Tannins, and Terpenoids. The N-butanol extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity comparing with the other extract in all methods (0.51 and 0.65 mg/ml as A0.5 values of Phosphomolybdate, reducing power) and (1.65mg/ml for IC50 value of metal-chelating). In contrast, all the extracts showed week activity against the metal-chelating method.

Adverse Drug Reactions and Comorbidities in Patient Treated for COVID-19

Coronavirus disease (Covid-19) is a respiratory tract infection caused by a newly emergent coronavirus, which was first recognized in Wuhan, China in Dec 2019. Through various mechanism action of drug which are used for the treatment of Covid-19, it is know that how actually the drug can shows its working, mechanism on this disease. Comorbidities are associated with the high mortality in patient with coronavirus disease, so they will develop a more symptoms. Peoples are suffering comorbities like Covid-19 with Diabetes, Covid-19 with Hypertension, Covid-19 and Asthma, Covid-19 and COPD, Covid-19 and HIV, etc. According to different patient age group treatment of the particular medication, dose, and route of administration should be recommend by the healthcare professional and after receiving the treatment, the patients are suffering from adverse drug reactions of some medications like allergic reactions, vomiting, dizziness, fatigue, tiredness, fever, etc and drug-drug interaction may happen. Thus, this review is all about to highlight the patients who suffering from comorbidities and to study the adverse drug reactions of the medications prescribed for patient suffering from Covid-19.

Simultaneous Determination of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in Pharmaceutical Dosage by Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography

A simple, rapid and accurate high performance liquid chromatography method is described for simultaneous determination of emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate from active pharmaceutical ingredients. The separation of drug was achieved on Hypersil BDS C18 (150 x 4.6 mm i.d.) with 5 µ particle size column showed most favorable chromatographic pattern over the other columns. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of buffer and methanol (85:15 % v/v). The buffer was mixtures of 0.1 % (v/v) ortho-phosphoric acid solution adjusted the pH 3.5 with tri-ethyl amine. The detection was carried out at wavelength 260 nm. The mixture of buffer of pH 3.5 and methanol (85:15% v/v) was used as a diluent. The method was validated for system suitability, linearity, accuracy, precision, robustness, stability of sample solution. The method has been successfully used to analyze emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate from active pharmaceutical ingredients.

A Review on Profit, Probable Hazard, and Ecological Impacts of Commonly used Chewing Gum

One of the oldest habits of human beings is to chew gum that was continuing from ancient civilizations to the modern world. Chew the gum could be a quiet pleasure that charming people for a long time. The non-food item chewing gum has a long history. The stepwise progress of its development has given us better flavour and additional medicative values. The stress-releasing properties and different medical outcomes have to make chewing gum popular for everyone. Chew the gum isn’t bring solely stripling pleasure, in near future ‘chewing gum’ perhaps use as a part of the drug delivery system. Unfortunately, it has also produced some negative effects. Modern chewing gum is made by non-biodegradable hydrophobic polymer together with artificial sweetener and flavour. So chew this sort of synthetic materials over a long time could produce some adverse effects. Again, because of our irresponsible attitude to toss the waste part of chewing gum anywhere creates some kind of serious environmental litter known as ‘gum pollution’. Therefore this widespread habit causes some sort of nuisance. Thus it’s the time to think how chewing gum offers us additional pleasure and benefits while not hampering human health and surroundings.

Application of Steroid in Clinical Practice

Corticosteroids represent important therapies for numerous acute conditions and chronic diseases based on their broad anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects. They have been used extensively in managing many oral diseases, due to their excellent anti-inflammatory and immune-modulator effect. This article is present at reviewing the uses of corticosteroids in the treatment various oral condition. To study more about corticosteroids and other related concepts. It was focus on Physiological effects, Effect of anesthesia and surgery and important indication of steroid in anaesthetic practice. There are strategies that can be used to minimize these risks, but some risks are often unavoidable. Topical use of corticosteroids, including inhalation, can be used to target specific organ for treatment. Corticosteroid therapy can be life-saving in serious and serve medical conditions.

Study of Potassium and Sodium content of Mahad-Raigad Tertiary Soil by Flame Photometry

The present study is devoted to determine the content of K, Na, pH of soil samples collected from Mahad tehsil territory. Elements leached from the deposits of the fertilizers have been accumulated in soil, thus constituting to soil pollution index. Focusing this study was carried out to compare out the nutrient contents of barren soil and Rice field soil in Mahad tehsil tertiary, by Flame photometry analysis.

Adsorbents for Removal of Hazardous Metals from waste water and natural water samples: A Review

Wide ranges of low cost adsorbents were used to remove hazardous metal in aqueous solution and wastewater. The low cost adsorbents were usually collected from agricultural waste, seafood waste, food waste, industrial by-product and soil. These adsorbents are readily available in a copious amount. Some of the natural adsorbents appeared as good heavy metal removal, while some were not and require further modifications and improvements to enhance the adsorption capacity. Currently, heavy metals exist in most of the industrial wastewaters and water supplies are among the most severe environmental contaminants. Numerous research works have been conducted in this field, this review includes few potential solution containing papers.

Kinetics Solvent Effect and Mechanism of Hydrolysis of Ethyl Caprylate Ester in Aqueous Organic Solvent Media

The specific rate constant of ethyl caprylate in alkali catalised hydrolysis in water-acetone mixture covering range of 30 to 70% (v/v) of acetone has been determined at temperature 20 to 400c. The rate of reaction decreases with increase in percentage of Acetone from 30 to 70% (v/v). The observed Activation energy decreases progressively with increase in acetone content of the medium. The effect of molar concentration of water and Dielectric constant on the reaction kinetic has also been studied. The thermodynamic parameters (DG*, DH* and DS*) has been determined which showed strong dependency on solvent composition.

Phytochemical Evaluation of Mentha Species including Antioxidant Activity

Mentha arvensis is a belonging to the family of Lamiaceae; Wild mint is often used as a domestic herbal remedy, being valued especially for its antiseptic properties and its beneficial effect on the digestion. The phytochemical screening of hydro alcoholic extracts presenting the flavonoids, resins, triterpenoids, tannins and phenolic groups. The percentage of antioxidant potential is 91.28, by DPPH method. The estimation value of total phenol content is 936±71, and total flavonoid conent is 479±66. The crude drug evaluated by the various physical methods, and all the results are within the limit of world health organisation prescribed. The antioxidant potential is evaluation by DPPH method. The phyto chemical screening based upon the colour reaction and estimated the chief phyto constituents like phenolic content and flavonoid. This work identification and characterisation of the purity and quality of the monograph of the Mentha arvensis. This work is more useful to further researchers.

Concoct Children to Combat the Third Wave of COVID-19

This study prepares children to deal with COVID-19 and its frequent waves. Coronavirus infection cannot be prevented by pills or medications. Vaccines can prevent most infections. An increase in immunity is necessary to protect against COVID-19. CoViD-19 is better protected by a good immune system and a healthy diet. You can consume a variety of vitamins and foods to improve your health and immunity. The diet and hygiene of the body can help you prevent infections or diseases. These children are prepared or taught the consequences of their actions. COVID-19 most often affects children asymptomatically-meaning they show no symptoms of it. Children need to have periodic discussions about Appropriate Behavior in COVID-19.