scholarly journals A imaginação nacional dos judeus norte-americanos: do pluralismo cultural liberal e sionista de Horace Kallen às incertezas do século XXI

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (33) ◽  
pp. e0202
Author(s):  
Flávio Limoncic
Keyword(s):  
Melting Pot ◽  
Israel Zangwill ◽  
Horace Kallen

No debate de inícios do século XX acerca da incorporação dos imigrantes europeus, duas perspectivas compartilhavam a visão de que a nação norte-americana se assentava sobre valores cívicos, mas divergiam quanto às formas da incorporação: de um lado, o melting-pot de Israel Zangwill; de outro, o pluralismo cultural de Horace Kallen. Ao elaborar a ideia de pluralismo cultural, Kallen propôs, ademais, que os judeus dos Estados Unidos construíssem sua identidade norte-americana articulando sionismo e liberalismo. No pós-Segunda Guerra Mundial, os judeus dos Estados Unidos teriam, portanto, construído uma imaginação nacional assentada nesses dois eixos culturais e políticos. Desde os anos 1970, porém, o consenso sionista dos judeus norte-americanos entrou em processo de erosão, o que, ao lado de mudanças demográficas, tem colocado novos desafios à sua imaginação nacional neste início de século XXI.

Normalization and Its Discontents

2020 ◽  
pp. 201-263
Author(s):  
Adam Sutcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Sigmund Freud ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Israel Zangwill ◽  
American Society ◽  
Horace Kallen

This chapter concentrates on the question of normalcy and its relationship to twentieth-century notions of Jewish distinctiveness and purpose. It describes how the idea of a special Jewish mission that initially thrived within the American Reform movement disintegrated as the urge to integrate within American society to gather strength among Jews prominently waned. It talks about Jewish exemplarity that was influentially presented in relation to specifics of the American context through the competing “melting pot” and “orchestra” metaphors of Israel Zangwill and Horace Kallen. The chapter illustrates the hope of Jewish normalization that was perceived by sharp observers, such as Karl Kraus, Theodor Lessing and Sigmund Freud in the first half of the twentieth century. It also mentions the horror of the Holocaust that cast a profound chill over the idea of Jewish instrumental purpose, but at the same time brought about a renewal of the idea on the ethical and historical lessons imparted by the Nazi genocide.

scholarly journals Book Review: American Political Culture: An Encyclopedia

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
Carla Wilson Buss
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Cultural Pluralism ◽  
Reliable Information ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
American Political Culture ◽  
Israel Zangwill

Anyone seeking reliable information on American political life since the 1970s will be pleased with Michael Shally-Jensen’s work, American Political Culture. This three-volume set covers topics from abortion to Israel Zangwill, the nineteenth-century author who coined the phrase “melting pot” and who appears in the entry for “Cultural Pluralism.”

America’s melting pot ideal and Horace Kallen

Society ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 53-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Melting Pot ◽  
Horace Kallen

scholarly journals Black France, Black America: Engaging Historical Narratives

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-71
Author(s):  
John Anthony Berteaux
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Philosophical Investigation ◽  
Black Intellectuals ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
Black America ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Widespread Acceptance ◽  
Israel Zangwill

Abstract During the first quarter of the 20th Century a small group of black intellectuals, artists, and musicians abandoned the United States for Paris. The rumor was that the French did not believe in racist theories – that France offered blacks social and economic opportunities not available in the States. This paper critically examines that narrative as well as North America’s melting pot legend – an expression of the promise of America made popular in 1909 by playwright Israel Zangwill. The stories that we tell about ourselves as a nation are important because our moral sentiments are frequently a product of these narratives. They influence our vision of populations and their circumstances. They serve as starting points for philosophical investigation and critical self-reflection. My intent is not to prove these stories or narratives false but rather, to illustrate how their widespread acceptance has affected people’s abilities to recognize, understand, and responsibly address compelling and complex racial problems. What I recommend is the need for an on-going, comprehensive, and critical examination of socially dominant historical narratives.

BEAUTIFUL SOULS MIXED UP WITH HOOKED NOSES: ART, DEGENERATION, AND ANTI-SEMITISM INTHE MASTERANDTRILBY

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michèle Mendelssohn
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
Anti Semitism ◽  
Israel Zangwill ◽  
Scant Attention ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Critical Insight ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Twentieth Century America

The diagnosis made by Dr P. C. Remondino, M.D. was unambiguous. “Trilbyis a masterpiece when viewed in the light of a study in heredity,” he announced in the pages ofPractical Medicinein 1895. “Du Maurier has given us . . . the well digested results of a careful as well as discriminating study. . . . Neither Darwin, [nor] Galton, . . . could have given us a more comprehensive or more lucid study of the subject. Neither could Maudsley” (380–81). Despite the good doctor's critical insight,Trilby's deployment of degenerationist discourse has often gone unnoticed. On the rare occasions it has been touched upon, it has most often been subsumed under the banner offin-de-siècleanti-Semitism or connected to Du Maurier's anti-Aestheticism. Yet what this essay reveals is that art, degeneration, and anti-Semitism were, in fact, intimately connected in the late nineteenth century, and that this not only influenced literature, it also shaped its reception. This essay examinesTrilby(1894) in conjunction withThe Master(1894), a novel by the most important British Zionist of the late nineteenth century, Israel Zangwill. Since Zangwill's death in 1926, literary critics have paid him scant attention. His contributions to degenerationism have been wholly overlooked even though his notion of the “melting pot” was almost certainly the theory of ethnicity with the most traction in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century America.

Zangwill, Israel (1864–1926)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
Jewish History ◽  
The Novel ◽  
American Jewish Community ◽  
Arab Population ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
Israel Zangwill ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
The Creation ◽  
American Jewish

Israel Zangwill was a British-Jewish author, journalist, and activist. Among his best-known literary works are the novel The Children of the Ghetto (1892), and the melodrama ‘The Melting Pot’ (1908). In Jewish political circles, Zangwill was well known both for his role in the Zionist movement and as the founder of the Jewish Territorial Organization (ITO). Like other modern Jewish thinkers, Zangwill pursued a Jewish identity that balanced tradition and assimilation. Initially attracted to the Zionism of Theodore Herzl, Zangwill later founded the ITO, which sought a Jewish home in any plausible location as a result of the Kishinev pogroms of 1903, Britain’s subsequent offer of an autonomous Jewish home in Africa (the Uganda Plan), and Herzl’s death in 1904. But Zangwill also argued that the growing importance of the American Jewish community should become a cultural centre of Jewish life by means of the creation of a vibrant, evolutionary, Jewish religion and culture, uniting Jewish history with American creativity. Zangwill eventually abandoned both Zionism and American idealism as solutions. In a 1923 address to the American Jewish Congress, which alienated many listeners, he pronounced political Zionism dead, arguing that the restrictions of the Balfour Declaration and the demographic superiority of the Arab population would doom the creation of a Jewish homeland in Palestine — a prediction that resonates today. Zangwill also criticized the American Jewish community for its failure to demand social justice in the political arena. After 1923, Zangwill was a marginal figure in Jewish discourse, though today there is renewed scholarly interest in his work.

“THEY THAT WALK IN DARKNESS”: GHETTO TRAGEDIES: THE USES OF CHRISTIANITY IN ISRAEL ZANGWILL’S FICTION

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meri-Jane Rochelson
Keyword(s):  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
Victorian Era ◽  
The World ◽  
Israel Zangwill ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
Jewish Immigrants ◽  
Literary Output ◽  
Feminist Movements ◽  
The Universe

AT THE END of the Victorian era and in the first decades of the twentieth century, Israel Zangwill was a well-known name in Europe, America, and even the Middle East. The enormous success of his 1892 novel Children of the Ghetto had made Zangwill the spokesperson for English Jewry throughout the world, as he revealed and explained an alien community to its non-Jewish neighbors and made the universe of the Jewish immigrants more intelligible to their acculturated coreligionists. An early Zionist, Zangwill met with Theodore Herzl in London and attended the first Zionist Congress in Basel in 1897; he continued to participate in the movement until 1905, when he formed his own nationalist group, the Jewish Territorial Organization (ITO). He became active in the pacifist and feminist movements of the early 1900s, and his literary output of that period for the most part reflects those interests, although he still explored issues of Jewish identity in numerous short stories and the highly popular play The Melting Pot (1908). In all, Zangwill published eight novels, nine collections of short fiction, eleven plays, and a volume of poetry, writing on both Jewish and more general themes; and (with the exception of some of his later thesis drama) his work was for the most part both popular and acclaimed. During the later 1880s and 1890s Zangwill was a prolific journalist, publishing columns on literature and current topics not only in the Jewish Standard, but also in the comic paper Puck (later Ariel, which he also edited), the Critic, and the Pall Mall Magazine. In short, he was very much a turn-of-the-century literary personality, esteemed as one of their own by his Jewish readers, but also prominent in the more general transatlantic literary milieu.

Cultural pluralism

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 347-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
William James ◽  
Democratic Society ◽  
Cultural Pluralism ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
James I ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Randolph Bourne ◽  
Alain Locke ◽  
Horace Kallen

The expression ‘cultural pluralism’ was popularized by Horace Kallen, a student of William James. I explore the meaning of pluralism in the context of the American pragmatic tradition with emphasis on the meaning of pluralism for William James. Kallen sought to characterize cultural pluralism in contrast with the idea of America as a ‘melting-pot’. I also examine the contributions of Randolph Bourne and the African-American philosopher Alain Locke to the discussion of cultural pluralism. I conclude by indicating that the idea of a democratic society that respects and is enriched by differences is highly relevant to contemporary discussions of cultural pluralism in a global context.

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