scholarly journals Use of portable environmental sensors in the monitoring of the thermoelectric power plants operation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 178-201
Author(s):  
Joaci Dos Santos Cerqueira ◽  
Helder Neves de Albuquerque ◽  
Mário Luiz Farias Cavalcanti ◽  
Francisco De Assis Salviano de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Environmental Sensors ◽  
Point Temperature ◽  
Dew Point Temperature ◽  
Thermoelectric Power Plants ◽  
Thermoelectric Power Plant

Thermoelectric power plants can directly cause environmental impacts with respect to emissions of atmospheric gases caused by combustion for operation, being the main agents: unburned hydrocarbons, carbon oxides, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, volatile organic compounds and material particulate. Thus, this research aimed to measure and compare the instantaneous levels of the chemical compounds CO2, CO, SO2, noise, air temperature, relative humidity, dew point temperature, wind speed and luminescence in two peri-urban areas of the surrounding a thermoelectric power plant in the interior of Paraíba, Brazil. To this end, data were collected using environmental sensors (a Garmin Gpsmap 62sc GPS camera 5mp; a Canon powershot SX60HS 16.1MP LCD 3.0 semi-professional digital camera, 65x optical zoom; an ITMCO2-600 meter for measuring CO2 and CO; one ITMP-600 multifunctional meter for AVG/MAX/MIN/DIF measurement, temperature measurement, humidity measurement, sound level measurement, luminescence measurement and wind speed measurement; and a GasAlert Extreme SO2 Gas detector to measure concentrations of sulfur in the environment), from October 2015 to March 2017, during daytime, between 7:00am to 9:00am, with weekly frequency, with instantaneous sampling measurements being collected at the collection points, near the thermoelectric power plant (Area 1) and close to the BR/104 highway (Area 2). The results showed that the records through the environmental sensors were not significant among the areas surveyed regarding the values of CO, CO2, SO2, air temperature, relative humidity, dew point temperature and luminescence. Regarding the wind speed, the two areas showed little variation. The noise levels in Area 1, on the other hand, during the operation of the thermoelectric power plant in its fullness, there was an increase above the permitted level, according to current Brazilian regulations, causing damage to the health of the inhabitants of its surroundings, in addition to harming the fauna of the surrounding area. around, mainly, the birds that are driven away by the noise, and, consequently, reducing the diversity of the avifauna surrounding the Thermoelectric. Thus, the use of environmental sensors to monitor the air quality of this area is very important, thus serving as a comparative support for future studies, as well as establishing the genesis for an environmental database in this metropolitan region of Campina Grande/PB, Brazil.

Small Scale Prototype Biomass Drying System for Co-Combustion With Coal

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Roberts ◽  
Mitch Favrow ◽  
Jesse Coatney ◽  
David Yoe ◽  
Chenaniah Langness ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Thermoelectric Power Plants ◽  
Drying System

Thermoelectric power plants burn thousands of tons of non-renewable resources every day to heat water and create steam, which drives turbines that generate electricity. This causes a significant drain on local resources by diverting water for irrigation and residential usage into the production of energy. Moreover, the use of fossil reserves releases significant amounts of greenhouse and hazardous gases into the atmosphere. As electricity consumption continues to grow and populations rise, there is a need to find other avenues of energy production while conserving water resources. Co-combusting biomass with coal is one potential route that promotes renewable energy while reducing emissions from thermoelectric power plants. In order to move in this direction, there is a need for a low-energy and low-cost system capable of drying materials to a combustion appropriate level in order to replace a significant fraction of the fossil fuel used. Biomass drying is an ancient process often involving the preservation of foods using passive means, which is economically efficient but slow and impractical for large-scale fuel production. This effort, accomplished as an undergraduate capstone design project, instead implements an active drying system for poplar wood using theorized waste heat from the power plant and potentially solar energy. The use of small-scale prototypes demonstrate the principles of the system at a significantly reduced cost while allowing for calculation of mass and energy balances in the analysis of drying time, Coefficient of Performance, and the economics of the process. Experimental tests illustrate the need to distribute air and heat evenly amongst the biomass for consistent drying. Furthermore, the rotation of biomass is critical in order to address the footprint of the system when placing next to an existing thermoelectric power plant. The final design provides a first step towards the refinement and development of a system capable of efficiently returning an amount of biomass large enough to replace non-renewable resources. Finally, an innovative methodology applied to the dryer is discussed that could recover water evaporated from the biomass and utilize it for agricultural purposes or within the power plant thermodynamic cycle.

Operation Analysis and Thermoeconomic Evaluation of a Cogeneration Power Plant Operating as a Self-Generator in the Ecuadorian Electrical Market and Sugar Industry

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Washington Orlando Irrazabal Bohorquez ◽  
João Roberto Barbosa ◽  
Luiz Augusto Horta Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Hydroelectric Power Plant ◽  
Hydroelectric Power ◽  
Operation Analysis ◽  
Productive Process ◽  
Thermoelectric Power Plants

This study evaluates the integral use of the sugarcane bagasse on the productive process of a cogeneration power plant in an Ecuadorian Sugar Company. Thermoelectric power plants burning biomass require a large initial investment and, for example, this initial investment requires $800/kW, which is double the initial investment of a conventional thermoelectric power plant that is $400/kW, and almost similar to the initial cost of a hydroelectric power plant that is $1000/kW. A thermoeconomic study was made on the production of electricity and the sales of the exceeding 27 MW average. From the results, it was concluded that generated electricity costs are $0.0443/kW h, in comparison with the costs of the supplied electricity through fossil power plants with values in the range $0.03–$0.15/kW h and hydroelectric power plants with a value of about $0.02/kW h. Cogeneration power plants burning sugarcane bagasse could contribute to the mitigation of climatic change. This specific case study shows the reduction of the prospective emissions of greenhouse effect gases in the amount of 55,188 ton of CO2 equivalent per year.

Operation Strategies for Thermoelectric Power Plants With CO2 Emission Constraints in Italy

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Gambini ◽  
Michela Vellini
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emission ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Emission Trading ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Policies And Measures ◽  
Thermoelectric Power Plants ◽  
The Cost

The effort of carbon dioxide emission reduction, required to the European countries, especially to Italy, is very remarkable, particularly in the thermoelectric sector. Because between the various policies and measures it is possible to adopt the mechanism of exchange (sale/purchase) of emission rights (Emission Trading), in this work the authors intend to focus on Italian thermoelectric sector and want to illustrate the energy and economic consequences of various operational scenarios that can be conceived for power plants, fuelled by natural gas. In fact, through the Kyoto protocol and its country-specific targets, power producers are strongly driven towards CO2-reducing solutions such as, for example, power modulation. Two examples of advanced thermoelectric power plants, operating in Italy, will be described: the first power plant produces only electric energy while the second one is a cogeneration power plant (it produces heat and electric energy). For both power plants, the best management criteria will be discussed in order to attain competitive performance of such facilities. The final goal is to minimize the cost of production (or to maximize profits), taking into account, however, the specific targets for CO2 emissions.

Wet, Dry, and Hybrid Heat Rejection System Impacts on the Economic Performance of a Thermoelectric Power Plant Subjected to Varying Degrees of Water Constraint

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Carter ◽  
James W. Furlong ◽  
Sean P. Bushart ◽  
Jessica Shi
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Cooling Tower ◽  
Power Production ◽  
Heat Rejection ◽  
Water Constraint ◽  
Interactive Dynamic ◽  
Thermoelectric Power Plant

The reduction of water consumption and use is emerging as a top priority for all types of thermoelectric power plants. In the United States, thermoelectric power production accounts for approximately 41% of freshwater withdrawals [1] and 3% of overall fresh water consumption. [2] On the basis of responses to a 2011 Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) Request for Information [3], the feasibility study [4,5,6,7] of a Thermosyphon Cooler Hybrid System (TCHS) [8], proposed by Johnson Controls, was funded under EPRI’s Technology Innovation (TI) Water-Conservation Program. The objective of this project was to further develop the TCHS design concept for larger scale power plant applications and then perform a thorough technical and economic feasibility evaluation of the TSC Hybrid System and compare it to a variety of other competitive heat rejection systems. The Thermosyphon Cooler Hybrid System reduces power plant cooling tower evaporative water loss by pre-cooling the condenser loop water through a dry cooling process employing an energy efficient, naturally recirculating refrigerant loop. This paper details the results of a detailed feasibility study that was conducted to compare the cost and performance of the TCHS to a number of other potential wet, dry, and hybrid thermoelectric power plant heat rejection systems operating under varying degrees of water constraint. Installed system cost estimates were developed for the base all wet cooling tower systems, TCHS’s of varying sizes, air-cooled condenser (ACC) hybrid systems of varying sizes, and all dry ACC systems. Optimized all wet cooling tower and all dry ACC system configurations were developed for five different climatic locations. A comprehensive power plant simulation program that evaluated the fuel and water requirements of the power plants equipped with the different heat rejection systems across the weather conditions associated with all 8,760 hours of a typical meteorological year was developed and then an extensive array of simulations were run each location. The summary data were organized in a separate interactive dynamic system comparison summary program to allow users to gain further insight into the relationships between the various heat rejection systems and the sensitivity of the results to changes in key input assumptions. This paper details the data presented in the interactive dynamic system comparison summary program. This program displays the key metrics of the Annual Net Cost of Power Production, the Annual Net Power Plant Profit, the Annual Operating Profit, and the Internal Rate of Return as a function of the Percent Annual Water Savings Required for the various heat rejection systems at each of the five studied climatic locations studied. Key results and conclusions are presented.

scholarly journals WEATHER PERTURBATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH THE TRANSIT OF TROPICAL CYCLONES IN THE COAST OF BANGLADESH

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Razat Suvra Das ◽  
Sayedur Rahman Chowdhury ◽  
Milan Kumar Shiuli ◽  
Shubha Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Tropical Cyclone ◽  
Tropical Cyclones ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Pressure Perturbation ◽  
Point Temperature ◽  
Dew Point Temperature ◽  
Weather Parameters ◽  
Bangladesh Coast

During the transition of tropical cyclone in the coast of Bangladesh, it is normally observed that there is a noticeable perturbation of weather parameters around the cyclone landfall zone. Through this research the extent of perturbation is assessed. To make the inventory 4 recent cyclones were selected that had made landfall in Bangladesh coast. They are cyclone MORA, cyclone ROANU, cyclone KOMEN and cyclone MAHASEN. Weather parameters selected to check their perturbation are wind speed, temperature, dew point temperature, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity and precipitation. The dispersion of these parameters from their normal state was measured also in accordance of their distance from the landfall area. To perform the task a time scale of 15 days was selected for each cyclone. Middle 3 days window were considered as most affected weather, 6 days prior and after the event were considered as normal (prevailing) weather. The Synop (observed) data was downloaded from the Ogimet.com. The data was then processed and decoded by Synop decoder and then further analyzed in MS Excel. In case of atmospheric pressure perturbation the highest perturbation was found 5.8 mb low on average than prevailing pressure up to 50 km from cyclone landfall. Wind speed perturbation was highest in 50 to 100 km area. Perturbation of temperature was highest in 0 to 50 km (about 2.1 °C low on average). Perturbation of dew point temperature was found negligible and humidity perturbation was found highest 6.63% high on average up to 50 km of landfall. In case of precipitation perturbation highest was found in 0 to 50 km area of landfall (38.76 mm high on average than prevailing weather), however precipitation perturbation was irregular beyond 100 km of landfall. The most perturbed weather parameter was found atmospheric pressure and the least affected was dew point temperature.

scholarly journals Estimation of ground-level particulate matter concentrations through the synergistic use of satellite observations and process-based models over South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 1097-1113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seohui Park ◽  
Minso Shin ◽  
Jungho Im ◽  
Chang-Keun Song ◽  
Myungje Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Point Temperature ◽  
Dew Point Temperature ◽  
Pm10 And Pm2.5 ◽  
Mean Square Errors ◽  
Process Based Models

Abstract. Long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameters < 10 (PM10) and 2.5 µm (PM2.5) has negative effects on human health. Although station-based PM monitoring has been conducted around the world, it is still challenging to provide spatially continuous PM information for vast areas at high spatial resolution. Satellite-derived aerosol information such as aerosol optical depth (AOD) has been frequently used to investigate ground-level PM concentrations. In this study, we combined multiple satellite-derived products including AOD with model-based meteorological parameters (i.e., dew-point temperature, wind speed, surface pressure, planetary boundary layer height, and relative humidity) and emission parameters (i.e., NO, NH3, SO2, primary organic aerosol (POA), and HCHO) to estimate surface PM concentrations over South Korea. Random forest (RF) machine learning was used to estimate both PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations with a total of 32 parameters for 2015–2016. The results show that the RF-based models produced good performance resulting in R2 values of 0.78 and 0.73 and root mean square errors (RMSEs) of 17.08 and 8.25 µg m−3 for PM10 and PM2.5, respectively. In particular, the proposed models successfully estimated high PM concentrations. AOD was identified as the most significant for estimating ground-level PM concentrations, followed by wind speed, solar radiation, and dew-point temperature. The use of aerosol information derived from a geostationary satellite sensor (i.e., Geostationary Ocean Color Imager, GOCI) resulted in slightly higher accuracy for estimating PM concentrations than that from a polar-orbiting sensor system (i.e., the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, MODIS). The proposed RF models yielded better performance than the process-based approaches, particularly in improving on the underestimation of the process-based models (i.e., GEOS-Chem and the Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling System, CMAQ).

Pollution Impact of the Grozavesti Thermoelectric Power Plant on the Urban Agglomeration Bucharest

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-353
Author(s):  
Cristina Mihaela Balaceanu ◽  
Mihaela Andreea Mitiu ◽  
Maria Iuliana Marcus ◽  
Mariana Mincu
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Gaussian Model ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Urban Agglomeration ◽  
Thermoelectric Power Plant

The purpose of this paper is the experimental analysis of the thermoelectric power plant Grozavesti impact on Bucharest urban agglomeration for year 2015. Experimental research is done for the NOx and SO2 pollutant for all seasons. The thermoelectric power plant Grozavesti is located near the Botanical Garden. Data provided by the industrial source are processed and constitute the input for the determination of the NOx and SO2 concentrations by using the OML (Operational Local Model) air quality dispersion Gaussian model. The results from modelling shows that the highest NOx and SO2 concentrations occur in the winter and autumn periods, due to unfavorable meteorological dispersion conditions and due to the operation of thermal power plant Grozavesti in the cold seasons. Thermoelectric power plants Grozavesti, operate on natural gas, because power plant have been refurbished. Generally, the results show that the industrial power plant represent the main contributions for pollution when the NOx and SO2 are exceed the limit value, according to Law 104/2011- ambient air quality, and this affect vegetation and human health.

scholarly journals Evaluation of radionuclide contamination of soil, coal ash and zeolitic materials from Figueira Thermoelectric Power Plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Alves Fungaro ◽  
Denise Alves Fungaro ◽  
Paulo Sergio Silva ◽  
Felipe Campello ◽  
Caio Silva Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Natural Radionuclide ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Pulverized Coal ◽  
Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽  
Thermoelectric Power Plant

Neutron activation analysis and gamma-ray spectrometry was used to determine 238U, 226Ra, 228Ra, 210Pb, 232Th and 40K contents in feed pulverized coal, bottom ash, fly ash from cyclone and baghouse filters, zeolites synthesized from the ashes and two different soil samples. All the samples used in the study was collected at Figueira thermoelectric power plant, located in the city of Figueira, Paraná State, which coal presents a significant amount of uranium concentration. The natural radionuclide concentrations in pulverized coal were 4216 Bq kg–1 for 238U, 180 Bq kg–1 for 226Ra, 27 Bq kg–1 for 228Ra, 28 Bq kg–1 for 232Th and 192 Bq kg–1 for 40K.The ashes fraction presented concentrations ranging from 683.5 to 1479 Bq kg–1 for 238U, from 484 to 1086 Bq kg–1 for 226Ra, from 291 to 1891 Bq kg–1 for 210Pb, from 67 to 111 Bq kg–1for 228Ra, from 80 to 87 Bq kg–1 for 232Th and from 489 to 718 Bq kg–1 for 40K. Similar ranges were observed for zeolites. The activity concentration of 238U was higher than worldwide average concentration for all samples. The concentration of the uranium series found in the ashes were lower than the values observed in similar studies carried out 10 years ago and under the limit adopted by the Brazilian guideline (CNEN-NN-4.01). Nevertheless, the concentrations of this specific area are higher than others coal mines and thermoelectric power plants in and out of Brazil, so it is advisable to evaluate the environmental impact of the installation.

Dew Amount in Marsh Monitoring in the Sanjiang Plain

2014 ◽  
Vol 522-524 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Ying Ying Xu ◽  
Bai Xing Yan ◽  
Hui Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Atmospheric Moisture ◽  
The Sanjiang Plain ◽  
Point Temperature ◽  
Dew Point Temperature ◽  
Dew Amount

Dew is the condensation of atmospheric moisture on objects that have radiated sufficient heat to lower their temperature below the dew point temperature. Dew amount was collected by woodstick in Craex lasiocarpa which the main community at Sanjiang Plain. The average daily cumulated dew yield, which is the important parameter for dew harvesting, reach the peak in August or September. The result implies there are around one fifth days are unsuitable for dew condensation. Dew amount correlated negatively with wind speed.

DETERMINING THE APPARENT COST OF WATER FOR THERMOELECTRIC POWER PLANTS

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achyut Paudel ◽  
Joshua Richey ◽  
Jason Quinn ◽  
Todd M. Bandhauer
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermoelectric Power Plants
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document