scholarly journals El empleo del vocablo phantasma en las fuentes literarias latinas: de los primeros registros a los autores cristianos tardorromanos

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Raúl Serrano Madroñal

Ghosts are the cultural product of a series of beliefs that stem from the existence of a dissociated numen that inhabits the human body. It is this separation that makes possible to conceive the autonomous presence of the spiritual entity. This ancestral type of story has been reproduced since the dawn of humanity, although this work seeks to elucidate what the connotations of use of a Greek term are, that passes into Latin and that undergoes an evolution through the filter of Christianity. Through a study of a historical-philological nature with a comparative perspective, this article aims to show the differences in use, paying special attention to the patristic texts of Tertullian and the allegorical and Christian poetry of Prudentius. Los fantasmas son el producto cultural de una serie de creencias que parten de la existencia de un numen disociado que habita dentro del cuerpo humano. Es esta separación la que permite concebir la presencia autónoma de la entidad espiritual. Este tipo ancestral de relato viene reproduciéndose desde los albores de la humanidad, si bien en este trabajo se persigue dilucidar cuáles son las connotaciones de empleo de un término griego que pasa al latín y que experimenta una evolución a través del filtro del cristianismo. Mediante un estudio de carácter histórico-filológico y con una perspectiva comparativa, el presente artículo se propone manifestar las diferencias de uso, prestando especial atención a los textos patrísticos de Tertuliano y a la poesía alegórica y cristiana de Prudencio.

Author(s):  
Shulin Wen ◽  
Jingwei Feng ◽  
A. Krajewski ◽  
A. Ravaglioli

Hydroxyapatite bioceramics has attracted many material scientists as it is the main constituent of the bone and the teeth in human body. The synthesis of the bioceramics has been performed for years. Nowadays, the synthetic work is not only focused on the hydroapatite but also on the fluorapatite and chlorapatite bioceramics since later materials have also biological compatibility with human tissues; and they may also be very promising for clinic purpose. However, in comparison of the synthetic bioceramics with natural one on microstructure, a great differences were observed according to our previous results. We have investigated these differences further in this work since they are very important to appraise the synthetic bioceramics for their clinic application.The synthetic hydroxyapatite and chlorapatite were prepared according to A. Krajewski and A. Ravaglioli and their recent work. The briquettes from different hydroxyapatite or chlorapatite powders were fired in a laboratory furnace at the temperature of 900-1300°C. The samples of human enamel selected for the comparison with synthetic bioceramics were from Chinese adult teeth.


Author(s):  
Tong Wensheng ◽  
Lu Lianhuang ◽  
Zhang Zhijun

This is a combined study of two diffirent branches, photogrammetry and morphology of blood cells. The three dimensional quantitative analysis of erythrocytes using SEMP technique, electron computation technique and photogrammetry theory has made it possible to push the study of mophology of blood cells from LM, TEM, SEM to a higher stage, that of SEM P. A new path has been broken for deeply study of morphology of blood cells.In medical view, the abnormality of the quality and quantity of erythrocytes is one of the important changes of blood disease. It shows the abnormal blood—making function of the human body. Therefore, the study of the change of shape on erythrocytes is the indispensable and important basis of reference in the clinical diagnosis and research of blood disease.The erythrocytes of one normal person, three PNH Patients and one AA patient were used in this experiment. This research determines the following items: Height;Length of two axes (long and short), ratio; Crevice in depth and width of cell membrane; Circumference of erythrocytes; Isoline map of erythrocytes; Section map of erythrocytes.


1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 382-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
James O. Ochanda ◽  
Eva A. C. Oduor ◽  
Rachel Galun ◽  
Mabel O. Imbuga ◽  
Kosta Y. Mumcuoglu

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