Physical culture, which has taken deep roots in our Union in recent years, brings forward the task of scientific substantiation of its methods and bringing knowledge of human anatomy and physiology closer to the general population. This small book, popularly compiled by Prof. N.K. Lysenkov and E.I. Sinelnikov, is intended to fulfill the second task. Written for instructors in physical education, the book contains, in addition to a brief introduction, nine chapters. Some of them, according to the purposes pursued by the authors, are presented quite fully, while others are too concisely.