scholarly journals De ira III, 2: fonti dossografiche e analogie con il moderno paradigma cognitivo-comportamentale

Myrtia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 96-104
Author(s):  
Marco Carrozza

This paper aims to analyse a dense passage of De ira by Seneca (III, 2) that, considering its structural and thematic relevance in the architecture of the tractate, gives rise to interesting and valuable considerations to understand more deeply the nature of the work. First, the extract under examination is crucial since enables to identify the dossographic sources that the author drew on to develop the therapeutic strategy adopted for the treatment of anger in the third book of the work. Furthermore, an overall interpretation of the essay, based on a passage so rich in literary and philosophical implications, will be provided. Eventually, we will deal with the therapeutic approach selected by the philosopher and its analogies with the ancient Cynic-Stoic ἐπιλογισμός and the modern cognitive-behavioral paradigm. Il presente articolo si propone di esaminare un passo del De ira di Seneca (III, 2) che, in virtù della sua rilevanza strutturale e tematica all’interno dell’architettura dell’opera, si presta a sviluppare una serie di interessanti considerazioni, senz’altro utili per comprendere più a fondo la natura complessiva del trattato. Il passaggio in questione si rivela anzitutto cruciale poiché consente di tracciare le fonti dossografiche a cui l’autore si è ispirato per mettere a punto la strategia terapeutica adottata per la cura dell’ira, accuratamente illustrata proprio nel terzo libro dell’opuscolo. Sulla scorta inoltre di un passo così denso di implicazioni filosofico-letterarie, si avanzerà una proposta di interpretazione complessiva dell’opera e degli intenti che la sostenziano . Infine, si passerà ad analizzare l’approccio terapeutico prescelto dal filosofo, e si mostrerà come esso si collochi al confine fra l’antico ἐπιλογισμός cinico-stoico e il moderno paradigma cognitivo-comportamentale.

Author(s):  
Lukmanul Hakim

This paper aims to analyze the thoughts of Hamka in Malay Islamic Nysties Historiography. The method used is historical method, especially historiography approach. Characteristic of Hamka's work; First, writing techniques; Not using footnotes, style of language; Simple, alive, and communicative. The sources used by Hamka can be grouped into three groups; Primary sources, historical books composed by Muslim authors themselves; Second, the second source of material is the Dutch and British writers' writings on Indonesia and the Malay Land; Third, the third source of material materials that allegedly most of the writers of Islamic history in Indonesia did not get it. While from the Method of Historical Criticism, according to Hamka there are two ways to write history among Muslims; First collecting all the facts wherever it comes from, no matter whether the facts make sense or not, what needs to be taken care of is where this history is received. Second, judging the facts and giving their own opinions, after the facts were collected, this is the system used by Ibn Khaldun.


Folia Medica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 613-617
Author(s):  
Diamantoula Pagkou ◽  
Theodosios Papavramidis ◽  
Xanthippi Mavropoulou ◽  
Moysis Moysidis ◽  
Ioannis Patsalas

Subgaleal hematoma, accumulation of blood in the loose areolar tissue of the subgaleal space of the skull, is considered the most catastrophic complication of instrumental delivery. It is a rare finding in older ages, usually associated with coagulation disorders, severe head trauma leading to skull base fractures and accidental or abusive hair pulling. Complications include periorbital necrotising fasciitis, permanent blindness, infections and, in extreme rare cases, airway obstruction. Most cases of subgaleal hematoma resolve spontaneously, without the need of aspiration or drainage. We present here the case of a 62-year-old male on anticoagulant therapy with apixaban for chronic atrial fibrillation, who came to the emergency department after a car accident suffering from mild head trauma. The patient was complaining of a diffuse headache and physical examination showed a large ecchymosis and edema on the frontal area of the head. His neurological examination was unremarkable. Full-body computed tomography (CT) revealed a fracture of the third right rib. Twelve hours after admission, due to an excessive decrease of hematocrit, a second CT was performed. Although the images didn’t show intracranial hemorrhage or skull base fractures, a large and diffuse hematoma of the subaponeurotic space was observed and the diagnosis of subgaleal hematoma was confirmed. Massive subgaleal hematoma after mild head trauma is rather infrequent. Early diagnosis improves outcomes and can avert serious complications. Therapeutic strategy should be based on the severity of each case. In our case, conservative treatment appeared to be a valid alternative to surgery, as hematoma resolved spontaneously within 10 days. It is noteworthy that the use of anticoagulation is the only evident factor that could have been the precipitating factor for the development of the hematoma in our patient.


2017 ◽  
Vol 158 (13) ◽  
pp. 499-507
Author(s):  
Mária Resch

Abstract: Introduction: Eating is one of the fundamental sources of happiness. Slimming diets would deprive you of this very enjoyment without granting something else instead, for example, proper eating behaviours for life or a permanent solution for overweight-related problems. Aim: This paper aims to investigate the psycho-dynamic relationships that might be the reason for the failure of all diets and slimming diets. Method: Analysing overweight, obesity and the failure of slimming diets with the help of the cognitive behavioral therapeutic approach. Results: By applying the principles confirmed and laid down by the cognitive behavioral therapy, we can identify specific ethological causes present in dieting and gaining weight behaviours that can successfully be used in curative symptom and problem oriented psychotherapy. Conclusion: In summary it can be stated that it is advised to approach the defined objective slowly, in small steps. With the help of learning methods and the continual transformation of the environment, obese individuals, having shred their own unwanted behavioral attitudes, can not only build up new attitudes and transform them into new desirable habits but will also have their personalities chiselled. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(13), 499–507.


2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 721-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinghao Zhao ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Yuanyuan Huang ◽  
Ranji Cui ◽  
Xiangyan Li ◽  
...  

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) is a membrane glycoprotein expressed by activated effector T cells (Teffs) and participates in the repression of T cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and cytokine production. Currently, antibodies targeting CTLA-4, ipilimumab and tremelimumab are widely used as a therapeutic approach in a variety of human malignancies. However, their detailed mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, in this review, we focused specifically on recent findings concerning the role of CTLA-4 in immune response and also discussed clinical studies of targeting CTLA-4, alone or in combination with other therapies for the treatment of cancers. CTLA-4 blockade is used as a therapeutic approach for the treatment of cancer through competing with CD28-positive costimulation for binding to their shared B7 ligands or exhibiting direct inhibitory effect on signaling molecules in the cytoplasmic tail. At present, antibodies for targeting CTLA-4 or in combination with other therapies significantly reinforced the anti-tumor effect and improved the prognosis of malignant disease. In addition, severe adverse events of targeting CTLA-4 therapy could be a challenge for the development of this therapeutic strategy. This review may provide some new insights for clinical studies of targeting CTLA-4.


1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagy R. Bishay ◽  
Nicholas Tarrier ◽  
Mairead Dolan ◽  
Richard Beckett ◽  
Sue Harwood

Jealousy as a clinical problem has received little attention in the psychiatric and psychological literature. Recently the literature on morbid jealousy has been reviewed and the concept placed within a cognitive-behavioral framework (Tarrier, Beckett, Harwood, & Bishay, 1990). The term morbid jealousy is used to signify an excessive irrational preoccupation with the partner’s fidelity for which there is no objective foundation. Normal jealousy can therefore be defined as a jealousy reaction occurring when the partner is unfaithful. Cognitive therapy is a therapeutic approach based on a model of psychopathology that identifies distortions of thought processes as important in emotional disorders (Beck, Rush, Shaw, & Emery, 1979; Beck & Emery, 1985). This paper describes a cognitive approach to treating the problem of morbid jealousy.


Osvitolohiya ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Olewniczak

Despite the changes in the model of a modern family, extended families are still functioning. Their role and functions are significant due to intergenerational contacts, based on interaction. The subject of the considerations undertaken in this study is the importance of the third generation in the life of the first one in the cognitive, behavioral, emotional and socio-economic spheres of a family. The grandparents’ importance for their grandchildren is related to the mutual benefit and pleasure from the presence of the closest people in life.


2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya KOBAYASHI ◽  
Takahiko TSUGAWA ◽  
Chisa HASHIZUME ◽  
Norio ARITA ◽  
Hisashi HATANO ◽  
...  

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